Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

2005 WERA 97 Meeting Minutes see attached file.

The annual meeting of WERA-97 was held in Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada from June 10-12 at the Agriculture Canada Research Centre. The business meeting began with talks by Dr. Hector Carcamo on "Wheatstem Sawfly - Reemergence of an old problem," Dr. Francois Eudes on "Fusarium head blight - New approaches for control" and Dr. Andre Laroche on "Molecular biological approaches to wheat disease control." Dinner was held at a local landmark restaurant in the evening. State reports were given by representatives of five states on Friday afternoon and Saturday morning. The meeting ended the first day with a tour of the Lethbridge facilities, which included a presentation by Dr. H. Haung and Scott Erickson on bacterial wilt of common bean caused by Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv flaccumfaciens. A field trip to local research plots on Saturday was cancelled due to unseasonable rains that left the plots too wet to walk in, so an impromptu presentation by Dr. Rob Graf on breeding winter wheat for Alberta was held and followed by an open discussion of significant developments in small grain diseases. Topics included the occurrence of a new and potentially damaging race of Black stem rust in Africa, occurrence of Stripe rust in new or uncommon geographic areas, Cephalosporium stripe, and eyespot. Overall the level of interaction among participants was excellent. There were 13 participants in the meeting, with 7 from Canada and the balance from US; all were from the public sector. Five of the 14 WERA-97 member states were represented, which was equal to 2004, but down from 2002. Retirements and budget reductions have continued to reduce the number of individuals working on small grain in the western U.S. Letters of invitation will be sent to individuals filling positions on small grain pathology in the western region as well as those who have not participated recently to gauge their interest in future participation. Participants agreed to meet jointly with NCERA-184 in Fargo, North Dakota from June 12-14, 2006 and to see if an invitation from Texas could be secured for 2007. If Texas cannot host the meeting in 2007, Montana has agreed to host the meeting. Tim Murray will follow-up to confirm our participation. This group continues to fulfill the objectives of communicating and coordinating research activities among its members. There is continued strong participation and support for its activities by members and the private sector alike. Drs. Lee Jackson and Alan Dyer led the effort to revise the petition for renewal, which the Western Directors approved at their July 10, 2005 meeting to continue WERA-97 from 10/1/2005 to 9/30/2010. Other specific accomplishments of committee members during the year include: A team of wheat pathologists was assembled to coordinate the production of the third edition of the Compendium of Wheat Diseases published by APS Press. It has been more than 18 years since the second edition was published. This update effort will seek to incorporate information that has been learned about wheat pathology during the past 18 years, add new diseases that have been discovered, and add many new photographs. This is a collaborative effort between NCERA-184 and WERA-97. The competition between two wheat foliar pathogens was studied. One pathogen was an obligate biotroph (Puccinia triticina) and the other was a facultative saprophyte (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis). The biotroph experienced greater competition (suppression) from infection by the facultative saprophyte compared with the reverse situation. Results should help in the understanding of the observed advantage of cultivar mixtures over planting a field to a single cultivar. A four-year study of the interactions between Tapesia yallundae and T. acuformis, the fungi that cause eyespot disease of wheat, with two winter wheat varieties with (Madsen) or without (Hill 81) Pch1, the gene that confers eyespot resistance, was completed. Although Pch1 is effective against both pathogen species, T. acuformis was slightly more virulent on the Pch1-containing variety, which may explain the increased prevalence of this pathogen in eastern Washington during the past 10 years. The reactions of hard red spring wheat, barley and oat cultivars to various diseases prevalent in Minnesota were disseminated to small grains producers to help them in selecting cultivars that are appropriate for their area and risk level. In addition screening of breeding material for Fusarium Head Blight was conducted on ca. 5,000 wheat lines and ca. 12,000 barley lines. Over 1,900 oat lines were tested for reaction to loose smut. The data will be used by wheat breeders and geneticists to make selections for improved resistance.

Minutes Publication List Canci, P.C., Nduulu, L.M., Muehlbauer, G.J., Dill-Macky, R., Rasmusson, D.C., and Smith, K.P. (2004). Validation of quantitative trait loci for Fusarium head blight and kernel discoloration in barley. Molecular Breeding, 14:91-104. Pereyra, S.P., Dill-Macky, R. and Sims. A.L. (2004). Survival and inoculum production of Gibberella zeae in wheat residue. Plant Disease, 88:724-730. Smith, K.P., Evans, C.K., Dill-Macky, R., Gustus, C.,. Xie, W., and Dong, Y. (2004). Host genetic effect on deoxynivalenol accumulation in Fusarium head blight of barley. Phytopathology, 94:766-771. Dill-Macky, R. (2004). Cultural control options for the management of Fusarium head blight in wheat and barley. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight, incorporating the 8th European Fusarium Seminar,Orlando, Florida, USA, December 11-15, 2004, p. 295. Evans, C.K., Dill-Macky, R. and Smith, K.P. (2004). Characterizing barley nearisogenic lines for a QTL conditioning deoxynivalenol accumulation for Fusarium head blight severity and deoxynivalenol accumulation using five isolates of Fusarium graminearum under field conditions. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight, incorporating the 8th European Fusarium Seminar, Orlando, Florida, USA, December 11-15, 2004, p. 54-55. Pereyra, S.A., Dill-Macky, R. and Castro, M. (2004). Fusarium species present in wheat and barley grains in Uruguay. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight, incorporating the 8th European Fusarium Seminar, Orlando, Florida, USA, December 11-15, 2004, p. 488. Pereyra, S.A., Dill-Macky, R. and García, M. (2004). Survival of Gibberella zeae and inoculum contribution of diverse plant species in prevalent crop rotations in Uruguay. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight, incorporating the 8th European Fusarium Seminar, Orlando, Florida,USA, December 11-15, 2004, p. 489-492. Perez, C.A., Dill-Macky, R. and Kinkel, L.L. (2004). Use of green manures to inhibit Fusarium graminearum on wheat residues. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight, incorporating the 8th European Fusarium Seminar, Orlando, Florida, USA, December 11-15, 2004, p. 364-365. Salas, B. and Dill-Macky, R. (2004). Incidence of Fusarium graminearum in pre-harvest and overwintered residues of wheat cultivars differing in Fusarium head blight resistance. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight, incorporating the 8th European Fusarium Seminar, Orlando, Florida, USA, December 11-15, 2004, p. 502-503. Salas, B., Dill-Macky, R. and Wiersma, J.J. (2004). Stratified colonization of wheat plants by Fusarium graminearum. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight, incorporating the 8th European Fusarium Seminar, Orlando, Florida, USA, December 11-15, 2004, p. 504-505. Schaafsma, A.W., Hooker, D.C., Lipps, P.E., Gilbert, J., Fernandez, M., DeWolf, E.D., Chandelier, A., Detrixhe, P. and Dill-Macky, R. (2004). Approaches to using epidemiological knowledge for the management of Fusarium head blight in wheat. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight, incorporating the 8th European Fusarium Seminar, Orlando, Florida, USA, December 11-15, 2004, p. 506-509. Zhang, X., Jin, Y., Dill-Macky, R. and Anderson, J.A. (2004). Screening for Fusarium head blight resistance in spring wheat germplasm. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight, incorporating the 8th European Fusarium Seminar, Orlando, Florida, USA, December 11-15, 2004, p. 227-228. Extension & Technical Publications Davis, M.A. and W.W. Bockus. 2005. Reaction of selected winter wheat cultivars to Fusarium head blight, 2004. Biol. Cult. Tests Control Plant Dis. Vol. 20 (published online at www.apsnet.org/online/BCtests/). Bockus, W.W., A.K. Fritz, and T.J. Martin. 2005. Reaction of the 2004 Kansas Intrastate Nursery to Fusarium head blight, 2004. Biol. Cult. Tests Control Plant Dis. Vol. 20 (published online at www.apsnet.org/online/BCtests/). Bockus, W.W. and M.A. Davis. 2005. Reaction of selected winter wheat accessions to Fusarium head blight, 2004. Biol. Cult. Tests Control Plant Dis. Vol. 20 (published online at www.apsnet.org/online/BCtests/). Bockus, W.W. and M.M. Claassen. 2005. Effect of cropping sequence and tillage on severity of leaf diseases on winter wheat, 2003 and 2004. Biol. Cult. Tests Control Plant Dis. Vol. 20 (published online at www.apsnet.org/online/BCtests/). Chen, X.M., and D.A. Wood. 2005. Control of stripe rust of winter wheat with foliar fungicides, 2004. F&N Tests. 60:CF027. Chen, X.M., and D.A. Wood. 2005. Control of stripe rust of spring wheat with foliar fungicides, 2004. F&N Tests. 60:CF021. Chen, X. M., and D.A. Wood. 2005. Control of stripe rust of spring barley with foliar fungicides, 2004. F&N Tests. 60:CF020. Chen, W., T. Paulitz, K. McPhee, and F. Muehlauber. 2004. Field evaluation of seed treatment fungicides for control of root rot and damping-off on chickpea, 2003. Fungicide and Nematicide Test Reports 59:ST017. Chen, W., T. Paulitz, K. McPhee, and F. Muehlauber. 2005. Field evaluation of seed treatment fungicides for control of root rot and damping-off on chickpea, 2004. Fungicide and Nematicide Test Reports 60: ST006. Cox, C., W. Bockus, K. Garrett, T.S. Cox, and T. Peters. 2005. Reaction of selected perennial grass accessions to barley yellow dwarf, 2004. Biol. Cult. Tests Control Plant Dis. Vol. 20 (published online at www.apsnet.org/online/BCtests/). Johnston, R.H. and A.T. Dyer. 2005. Role of seed treatment coverage on control of seed-borne common bunt of spring wheat, 2004. Fungicide and Nematicide Test Reports 60:CF023. Johnston, R.H. and A.T. Dyer. 2005. Evaluation of seed treatments for control of Fusarium crown rot of spring wheat, 2004 Report 60:CF024 Fungi. And Nematicide Test Reports 60:CF024. Johnston, R.H. and A.T. Dyer. 2005 Evaluation of seed treatments for control of Fusarium crown rot and common root rot of spring wheat, 2004 Fungicide and Nematicide Test Reports 60:CF025. Johnston, R.H. and A.T. Dyer. 2005 Evaluation of seed treatments for control of Fusarium crown rot or common root rot of winter wheat, 2004. Fungicide and Nematicide Test Reports 60:CF026. Jones, S.S., S.R. Lyon, K.A. Balow, T.D. Murray, X.M. Chen, B.P. Carter, C.R. Morris, K.Garland Campbell, J.W. Burns, W.F. Schillinger, P.E. Reisenauer, and B.J. Goates. 2005. Registration of 'Masami' Wheat. Crop Science (ACCEPTED 7/31/2005). Jones, S. and T. Murray. 2005. Perennial wheat as a sustainable alternative cropping system. Crop and Soil Sciences Technical Report 05-1. Murray, T., S. McDonald, and H. Sheng. 2005. Strawbreaker Foot Rot, Cephalosporium Stripe, and Snow Mold Diseases of Winter Wheat. Washington State University, Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Technical Report 05-1. Higginbotham, R.W., T.C. Paulitz, K.G. Campbell, and K.K. Kidwell. 2004. Evaluation of adapted wheat cultivars for tolerance to Pythium root rot. Plant Dis. 88:1027-1032. Paulitz, T.C. and Reinertsen, S. 2004. Controlling Rhizoctonia root rot in spring barley with in-furrow application of Quadris plus seed treatment with Dynasty and Dividend Extreme, 2003. Fungicide and Nematicide Test Reports 59:CF011. Paulitz, T.C. and S. Reinertsen. 2004. Seed treatment with Dynasty and in-furrow application of Quadris for control of Rhizoctonia root rot in spring barley, 2003. Fungicide and Nematicide Test Reports 59:CF010. Research Publications Al-Naimi, F.A., K.A. Garrett, and W.W. Bockus. 2005. Competition, facilitation, and niche differentiation in two foliar pathogens. Oecologia 143:449-457. Blount, A.R., S. Rizvi, R.D. Barnett, X.M. Chen, T.S. Schubert, W.H. Dankers, T.M. Momol, and W.N. Dixon. 2005. First Report of Stripe Rust, Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Eriks.) on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in North Florida. Online. Plant Health Progress. http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/brief/2005/stripe/. Campbell, K.G., R.E. Allan, J. Anderson, J.A. Pritchett, L.M. Little, C.F. Morris, R.F. Line, X. M. Chen, M. K. Walker-Simmons, B.P. Carter, J.W. Burns, S.S. Jones, and P.E. Reisenauer. 2005. Registration of Finch winter club wheat. Crop Sci. 45:1656-1657. Campbell, K.G., R.E. Allan, J. Anderson, J.A. Pritchett, L.M. Little, C.F. Morris, R.F. Line, X. M. Chen, M.K. Walker-Simmons, B.P. Carter, J.W. Burns, S.S. Jones, and P.E. Reisenauer. 2005. Registration of Chukar winter club wheat. Crop Sci. 45:1657-1659. Canci, P.C., L.M. Nduulu, G.J. Muehlbauer, R. Dill-Macky, D.C. Rasmusson, and K.P. Smith. 2004. Validation of quantitative trait loci for Fusarium head blight and kernel discoloration in barley. Molecular Breeding 14:91-104. Chen, X.M. 2005. Epidemiology of barley stripe rust and races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei: the first decade in the United States. Cereal Rusts and Powdery Mildews Bulletin. Online [www.crpmb.org/]2004/1029chen. Chen, X. M., and L. Penman. 2005. Races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei, the pathogen of barley stripe rust in the United States in 2004. Barley Genetics Newsletter 35: http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/ggpages/bgn/35/Chen.htm Higginbotham, R.W., T.C. Paulitz, and K.K.Kidwell. 2004. Virulence of Pythium species isolated from wheat fields in eastern Washington. Plant Disease 88:1021-1026. Li, H. J., M. Arterburn, S.S. Jones, and T.D. Murray. 2005. Resistance to eyespot of wheat, caused by Tapesia yallundae, derived from Thinopyrum intermedium homoeologous group 4 chromosomes. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 111: (published online as DOI: 10.1007/s00122-005-0025-0). Li, H.J., M. Arterburn, S.S. Jones, T.D. Murray. 2005. Genomic control of new sources of resistance to Tapesia yallundae, cause of eyespot disease of wheat, in Thinopyrum ponticum and Th. intermedium. International Symposium on Genomics-based Plant Germplasm Research, April 25-28, 2005, Beijing, P.R. China. p. 77. Nishio, Z., N. Iriki, S. Takenaka, A. Kawakami, M. Kuroki, K. Saito, M. Ito, T. Tabiki and T.D. Murray. 2005. A real-time PCR assay for quantification of Typhula ishikariensis, cause of speckled snow mold in winter wheat. Phytopathology (IN PRESS) abstr. Okubara, P. and T. C. Paulitz. 2004. Simultaneous identification and quantification of Rhizoctonia solani and R. oryzae from root samples using real-time PCR. Phytopathology 94:S77 Okubara, P.A. and T. C. Paulitz. 2005. Molecular bases of root defense responses. Plant and Soil 274: 221-232. Okubara, P.A., K.L. Schroeder, and T.C. Paulitz. 2005. Real-time polymerase chain reaction: Applications to studies on soilborne pathogens. Can J. Plant Pathol. 27: 1-14. Pahalawatta, V., and X.M. Chen. 2005. Genetic analysis and molecular mapping of wheat genes conferring resistance to the wheat stripe rust and barley stripe rust pathogens. Phytopathology 95:427-432. (Submitted 9/13/2004, Accepted on 12/13/2004, Published 4/2005). Pahalawatta, V., and X.M.Chen. 2005. Inheritance and molecular mapping of barley genes conferring resistance to wheat stripe rust. Phytopathology 95:884-889. Pereyra, S.P., R. Dill-Macky, and A.L. Sims. 2004. Survival and inoculum production of Gibberella zeae in wheat residue. Plant Disease 88:724-730. Paulitz, T.C. and K.L. Schroeder. 2005. A new method for quantification of Rhizoctonia solani and R. oryzae from soil. Plant Disease 89: 767-772. Paulitz, T.C. and K.L. Schroeder. 2004. A method for the quantification of Rhizoctonia solani and Rhizoctonia oryzae from soil using toothpicks. Phytopathology 94:S82. Paulitz, T.C. and R. Rossi. 2004. Spatial distribution of Rhizoctonia solani and Rhizoctonia oryzae a three different scales in direct-seeded wheat. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 26: 419. Paulitz, T.C., F. Dugan, W. Chen, and N.J. Grünwald. 2004. First report of Pythium irregulare on lentils in the United States. Plant Disease 88: 310. Schroeder, K.L. and T.C. Paulitz. 2004. Real-time PCR identification of Pythium spp. from cereals in eastern Washington. Phytopathology 94:S94. Smith, K.P., C.K. Evans, R. Dill-Macky, C. Gustus, W. Xie, and Y. Dong. 2004. Host genetic effect on deoxynivalenol accumulation in Fusarium head blight of barley. Phytopathology 94:766-771.