Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

NCERA-219 Annual Meeting Minutes Iowa State University, 10/12-14/2011 October 12 Meeting called to order at 1:30 pm at the Best Western Hotel, Ames, IA by NCERA President Steve Moeller. Members present: Lee Johnston, Marcia Carlson, Bob Thaler, Jay Harmon, Bert Stromberg, Merlin Lindemann, Ken Stalder, Dale Rozeboom, Bob Goodband, and Brian Richert. Members unable to attend  Gary Apgar, Frank Owsley, Ted Funk. Dr. John Lawrence  Associate Dean, Agriculture Experiment Station, ISU. John welcomed the group and we had an open discussion regarding future Extension and Research Missions within land-grant systems. Dr. Lawrence encouraged the group to be cognizant of the role extension plays in AFRI and other integrated projects that will be funded in the future. There is potential for the extension role to be more directed toward applied research. AFRI and other grants are now much more prescriptive in direction and they are no longer accepting broad-based research. The new approach is Focus, Scale, & Impact (ie draw on targeted approaches and move on when done). There were questions for Dr. Lawrence regarding how much background the people at USDA have when establishing research focus in RFPs. It was noted that diversity in members of the committees are a legal requirement for the existing program areas, thus there is variability in how research is going to be completed. It was offered that it appears that competing teams have cloistered the landscape on competitive grant processes. ISU Experiment Station no longer funds graduate students due to the budget model that is being applied. This approach leaves researchers responsible for finding external funding to support new projects and, therefore, likely limits short-term, immediate-needs programs. USDA budget cuts are proposed to be between 5 and 12%, although a lot of work is yet to be finalized. Impact factors must be tied to jobs created, jobs retained, as well as overall multiplier effects related to full economic assessment/value added. Station Reports  2:30 Marcia Carlson-Shannon  University of Missouri  Missouri has opened new swine facilities for teaching purposes. She updated the group on research and open positions in the department (Gary Allee position is frozen, Dept. Chair (Division Leader) position is open. Steve Moeller  Ohio State University - Discussed the research being conducted across all graduate students. Discussed Prohand and PQA Plus a bit. Discussed the open positions within OSU. Bob Goodband  Kansas State University  Tryptophan requirements in the presence of DDGS, DDGS diets, Vitamin D studies, and pelleting studies, aflatoxins and fiber withdrawal. Swine Day is still going well within KSU and the 2011 program is in November. Discussions on pelleting continued. Updated the group on the new Plum Island-like Health Research Center being undertaken. Lee Johnston  University of Minnesota  DDGS studies across three parity sows in differing housing systems. Discussed sow housing system studies being conducted in commercial herds and the challenges that were encountered along the way. Results of Reduced Nocturnal Temperature studies related to nursery production facilities were presented and discussed. Bob Thaler  South Dakota State University  Updated positions and the challenges that are present at SDSU. New swine facilities (125  150 sows ~1.5 million) and 2400 head WF barn (off-site, $700,000) are planned. Facilities solely funded by outside groups, in-kind support, and direct contacts with the industry partners and producers. Discussed canola and pressed canola use in swine diets. Brian Richert  Purdue University - Update on department Chairs, Alan Mathew and retirement of Al Sutton. No meats personnel in the faculty, no plans in place now, although interest among faculty, so the future is up in the air. New Animal Science building on the horizon, but has not moved forward very quickly. Projects in the area of modeling the economic value of increasing litter size and costs resulting from increased variation that comes with it. Dynamic changes in revenue observed resulting in an optimum of 12.5 to 20 pigs per litter. Any pig under 900 grams are a challenges for the industry. Also modeling sow longevity and litter size. Working with PIC on energy needs. He is finishing graduate students of Ed Pajor. Sows worked the hardest to achieve access to compost. Sow space allocation behind free stalls at 3, 7 or 10 feet of space showed the boss sows used the space primarily at 7 feet, and 3 to 4 sows used the area when 10 feet provided. Influence of oxytocin on pig growth/brain development shows some promise. Phage influences on salmonella shedding at harvest in swine. Also work on euthanasia gases - CO2, Argon, Nitrous Oxide. Working on NIR technology for predicting IV and key fatty acids in packing plant (jowl, belly and BF). Meeting adjourned for the day at 5:30 pm October 13, 2011 8:00 am. Call to Order. Station Reports Continued: Jay Harmon  Iowa State University  Updated on new Ag Engineering Building. It will be a LEED Gold facility (leadership in energy and environmental design) for green initiatives. Brief discussions were held regarding the green energy initiatives. Characteristics of the department, degree programs, and personnel within the Department were discussed. Brief review of emissions, biofilter, manure application research that is ongoing at ISU. Issues with foaming pits are still present in Iowa this year, including explosions causing human injury and loss of animal life. Energy conservation resource materials are being generated in relation to light usage, grain drying, etc. Ken Stalder  Iowa State University  Animal Science undergraduate enrollment has increased dramatically, now nearly 900 students with a maximum target of ~1000. Pending retirements will dramatically change the dynamic of the teaching roles and FTE in the department. Ken and his students are continuing work on sow longevity and in particular sow lameness. Using a chemical they are able to induce lameness for study and included sow force plates to assess weight-bearing load both side-to-side and front to back. The study will be commercially tested soon. Currently Ken has three graduate students in various stages of their programs. Extension at ISU is currently working to expand phone applications for the industry. Merlin Lindeman  University of Kentucky  Information regarding a June, 2012 Symposium (Digestive Physiology of Pigs) being offered in Colorado was passed out to the participants. Retirements are taking a toll in regard to meeting teaching needs. College has told the department that they will be reducing faculty numbers in the future. Critical mass is an issue in discipline areas. Enrollment is approximately 350 students, mainly female, especially in the equine management area (20 males out of 150 students). Challenge with respect to finding jobs in the equine area. Salaries of the undergraduates in Food Science emphasis are the greatest. A challenge is providing faculty support for 4-H projects, assignment of faculty to cover teaching needs, and division of responsibilities between undergraduate and graduate faculty. Dale Rozeboom  Michigan State University - Dean of College has moved, the Animal Science Department has an interim department chair, Roy Kirkwood left the Vet School, Barb Straw retired, search is open for a Swine Vet Specialist, up to 20% cuts in budget. Farms with MSU are on the agenda for cuts. Extension will not fund tenure-track faculty in the future, only fixed term positions. Extensive cuts in personnel across the state, but still being able to show county presence in some but not all livestock species. Not a lot of direct animal research going on within the group, more work with databases, and non-traditional things like organic/sustainable emphasis, liquid solid separation, etc. Dale continues to work as a committee leader in environment and manure management topics. No longer able to have swine on game farms, existing herds must be depopulated (20 to 30 are estimated to be in place in 2011). MSU will be hosting a mortality management and food waste symposium in Dearborn Michigan as related to food safety (May 21-22, 2012). Symposia will have an international audience and speakers. Committee Project Discussion: Curt Rosentrator Ag Engineering at ISU introduced to the group. Step-up/step-down feeding paper is still in the mix, but not fully written. Ken Stalder may offer to assist in writing this manuscript. Feed Sample Analyses: Particle size study with producers in SD being evaluated by Bob Thaler. Can the NCERA-219 group contribute? 1) Benchmark on energy consumption in barns. 2) Feed particle size 3) Lysine variation in diets 4) Feeder waste/adjustment 5) Water footprint/use 6) Alan Stokes is attempting to look at this within NPB. Can we get involved? Foaming Pits Discussion: 1) Treatment options, studies, -Richert has some in-vessel, in lab experiences to draw upon. 2) Can the group decide on a researchable topic? 3) What are the cause(s) of the foaming? 4) How do we ameliorate the conditions? 10:00 am Steve Pohlmann and Terry Coffey  Murphy-Brown, LLC presented and discussed information regarding insights on research needs in the industry. Key Research Ideas 1) Ensure adequate replication 2) Do collaboration research with producers a. Communicate key components (funding, publication rights, etc) before starting projects b. Written agreements up front c. Create a reasonable timeline of milestones Wean to Finish Research Needs 1) Growth rate consistency a. 50% of variation is the source farm of the pigs 2) Optimum group size (pigs per pen) a. 25 to 500 pigs per pen is the range observed in the industry b. Growth rate consistency and mortality c. Components of optimal group size  stocking density, feeder space, etc. 3) Refinements in marketing strategy a. When and how do people market swine b. How many cuts, topping pens, whole barn drops, etc. c. Pork quality and cut size 4) Ventilation strategies a. Dust, animal health, cost, etc 5) Transportation stressors a. Loss of weight in transfer b. Time on truck, time of loading 6) Emission (odor, dust, gases) improvements a. Better science is needed b. Ionization brought up as a tool to improve growth 7) Liquid feeding a. How to feed these effectively 8) Carcass Iodine Value  factors and importance of Fat Quality a. How to adjust for the feeding values of different feedstuffs Sow Productivity Research Needs 1) Gilt development strategies to improve sow lifetime productivity a. Sow parity segregation is happening b. Resources to conduct the research is lacking  must have facility resources to complete this type of research 2) Intra-uterine insemination a. Semen use rates, doses per sow 3) Cross-fostering and nurse sow management a. More and heavier pigs outside of the system b. Strategies are not clear 4) Minimizing summer pregnancy loss (not getting sows pregnant) a. P1 and P2 are the greatest losses observed 5) Filtration (sow farms and boar studs) a. Stifling ventilation, wearing out equipment early b. Re-engineering to make costs 6) Optimum pen gestation configurations for sow retro-fits a. Space allocation b. Space and eating/sleeping location c. Group size d. Pen dimensions e. Compliance component with economic component Discussions regarding collaboration and priorities ensued. 12:00 noon  Lunch 12:30 PM - John Shinn  ISU Ph.D. Candidate discussed emission of greenhouse gases from swine production facilities. 2:30  5:30 PM - Toured the ISU Bioresearch Facility and the ISU Dairy Farm October 14, 2011 8:00 AM. Call to Order. Dr. Maynard Hogberg, ISU Department Head, presented the state of the department and how it will change in the future. Faculty will be grouped into 6-7 groups with similarities of interest for more effective productivity. The department is: looking to see how they can increase endowed professorships, trying to raise money for a pavilion (they have $3.5-4 million raised but need $7 million to start construction; construction will be phased with classrooms and arena being the initial phase), dedicating the Al E. Christian Swine Teaching Unit on October 22. Officers and next meeting  M. Lindemann will move to chair of the committee and Ken Stalder was elected secretary by acclimation. Following discussion, it was determined to try to meet in North Carolina next year, probably in the October 17-19 window or possibly in November when the Carolina Nutrition Conference occurs. Lindemann and Stalder are to work together in the planning. Bert Stromberg provided an update on the USDA as it may potentially impact the committee. Some limited discussion of possible future research projects continued. Meeting adjourned  11:00 AM Respectfully submitted, M. D. Lindemann M. D. Lindemann, secretary

The committee focuses on applied swine management issues related to animal welfare and performance that provides an unbiased evaluation of production practices. The committee first discussed individual efforts in these areas being conducted at each participants institution. The committee further discussed key issues for swine producers. Items discussed were: issues with foaming manure pits including explosions causing human injury and loss of animal life, modeling of litter size and piglet weight distribution with subsequent performance and profitability as well as modeling of sow lactation feed intake and its impact on sow productivity and lifetime performance, group housing of sows compared to individual crates and the behavioral aspects and ethological needs of different types/sizes of sows in those housing regimes. The committee discussed a particle size study with producers in South Dakota being evaluated by one of the committee members and debated how the NCERA-219 group could contribute. The committee reviewed and discussed the Reduced Nocturnal Temperature studies for nursery pigs. Publication responsibilities for development of a manuscript to be submitted to a refereed journal were assigned. The committee also discussed the step-up/step-down feeding paper that is still not fully written and assigned a member to assist in writing this manuscript. The committee hosted two operational officers of the Smithfield/Murphy-Brown organization (the largest swine integrator in the United States) for discussion of critical keys for swine research that meets the needs of integrators. Specific research topics in all ages and productive states of pigs were discussed wherein they desire more information. Discipline areas covered were management, ventilation, transportation, reproductive physiology, and nutrition. As a result of the energetic discussion, the 2012 committee meeting will be hosted by Murphy-Brown, LLC at their headquarters in North Carolina.

REFEREED JOURNAL ARTICLES ON ORIGINAL RESEARCH 1. Hemsworth, PH; Smith, K; Karlen, MG; Arnold, NA; Moeller, SJ; and Barnett, JL. 2011. The choice behaviour of pigs in a y maze: effects of deprivation of feed, social contact and bedding. Behavioural Processes 87: 210-217. 2. Ma, Y.L., M.D. Lindemann, G.L. Cromwell, R. B. Cox, G. Rentfrow and J.L. Pierce. 2011. Evaluation of trace mineral source and pre-slaughter deletion of those minerals on performance, carcass characteristics, and pork quality in pigs. J. Anim Sci. (in press). 3. McClelland, K.M., G. Rentfrow, G.L. Cromwell, M.D. Lindemann, and M.J. Azain. 2011. Effects of corn distillers dried grains with solubles on quality traits of pork. J. Anim. Sci. (in press). 4. Sun, G., R. F. Fitzgerald, K. J. Stalder, L. A. Karriker, A. K. Johnson, and S. J. Hoff. 2011. Development of an embedded microcomputer-based force plate system for measuring sow weight distribution and detection of lameness. Appl. Eng. Agric. 27:475-482. ABSTRACTS 1. Abell, C. E., K. J. Stalder, and J. W. Mabry. 2011. Genetic and phenotypic correlations for maternal and post-weaning traits from a commercial swine breeding system. J. Anim. Sci. 89:(E-Suppl. 2):60-61. 2. Abell, C. E., K. J. Stalder, and J. W. Mabry. 2011. Relationship between litters per sow per year breeding value and sire progeny means for farrowing rate. J. Anim. Sci. 89:(E-Suppl. 2):73. 3. Betts, KS; Moeller, SJ; Zerby, HN; Crawford, SM; Cressman, MD; Bishop, MJ. 2011. Effects of ractopamine on stress-related hormone levels of purebred Berkshire swine[Abstract]. International Society of Applied Ethology: 134. 4. Betts, KS; Moeller, SJ; Zerby, HN; DeRouchey, JM; Cressman, Bishop, MJ; Gress, AI; andFluharty, FL. 2011. Effects of ractopamine on performance, carcass and meat quality in purebred Berkshire swine [Abstract]. Journal of Animal Science, Volume 89, E-Supplement 1: 460. 5. Bishop, MJ; Zerby, HN; Moeller, SJ; Kuber, PS; DeRouchey, JM; Betts, KS. 2011. The influence of low and standard energy diets on efficiency, carcass value, and pork quality in Berkshire swine [Abstract]. Journal of Animal Science, Volume 89, E-Supplement 1: 460. 6. Crawford, S; Moeller, S; Hemsworth, P; Croney, C; Botheras, N; Zerby, H. 2011. Characteristics of stockperson interactions with pigs in swine finishing barns [Abstract]. International Society of Applied Ethology: 89. 7. Crawford, SM, Moeller, SJ; Hemsworth, PH; Croney, CC; Botheras, NA; Zerby, HN. 2011. Characteristics of the work habits and demographics of caretakers on swine finishing facilities in Ohio [Abstract]. Journal of Animal Science, Volume 89, E-Supplement 1: 463. 8. Engblom, L., K. Stalder, and N. Lundeheim. 2011. Premature removal and mortality of commercial sows. Proc. 62th Ann. Mtg. Eurp. Assoc. Anim. Prod., Stavanger, Norway. August 29  September 2, 2011, Session 52. 9. Johnson, A., J. Coetzee, K. Stalder, L. Karriker, and S. Millman. 2011 (Abstr.). Pain: A sow lameness model. J. Anim. Sci. 89 (E-Suppl. 2):48. 10. Ma, Y.L., M.D. Lindemann, J.L. Pierce, and G.L. Cromwell. 2011. Nutrient composition changes in pigs and associated liver from birth to 21 days of age. J. Anim. Sci. 89 (E-Supplement 1):581. 11. Ma, Y.L., M.D. Lindemann, J.M. Unrine, J.L. Pierce, and G.L. Cromwell. 2011. Nutrient changes in fetal and maternal tissues of gilts fed organic selenium during gestation. J. Anim. Sci. 89 (E-Supplement 2):105. 12. Ma, Y.L., N. Trottier, J. Liesman, R.L. Payne, and M.D. Lindemann. 2011. Essential amino acids to crude protein ratio in placenta and uterus during gestation. J. Anim. Sci. 89: (E-Supplement 1):328. 13. Monegue, J.S., M.D. Lindemann, H.J. Monegue, and G.L. Cromwell. 2011. Growth performance and diet preference of nursery pigs fed varying levels of salt. J. Anim. Sci. 89 (E-Supplement 2):104. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS 1. Lindemann, M. D., J. S. Monegue, M. B. Davis, J.M. Dunfee, and K.W. Purser. 2011. Effect of including Cel-Can, an enzymatically hydrolyzed yeast product, in sow diets on pig birth weight. Amer. Assoc. of Swine Veterinarians meeting, March 6, 2011. 42nd Annual Meeting Proc. Pp. 193-196. 2. Lindemann, M.D., and Y.L. Ma. 2011. Mineral nutrition for lifetime performance of breeding pigs, Eastern Nutrition Conference (Montreal, Quebec, Canada), May 12, 2011, Pp. 115-127. 3. Pairis M. D., L. A. Karriker, K. J. Stalder, A. K. Johnson, and S. T. Millman. 2011. Detection of lameness in swine. In: Proc. 19th Annual Swine Disease Conference for Swine Practitioners. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. Pp 135-143. 4. Stalder, K. J., C. E. Abell, L. A. Karriker, A. K. Johnson, and S. Millman, 2011. Sow longevity-How to measure its importance. Proc. 19th Annual Swine Disease Conference for Swine Practitioners. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. Pp 132-135. RESEARCH AND TECHNICAL BULLETINS 1. Abell, C., K. J. Stalder, J. Mabry. 2011. Genetic and phenotypic correlations for maternal and post-weaning traits from a seedstock swine breeding system. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 2. Abell, C., K. J. Stalder, J. Mabry. 2011. Relationship between litters per sow per year breeding value and sire progeny means for farrowing rate. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 3. Abell, C., K. J. Stalder, R. F. Fitzgerald nad H. Hendricks. 2011. Evaluation of knife separable lean content of cull sows at harvest and the development of a prediction equation for pounds of lean. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 4. Elsbernd, A. J., A. K. Johnson, K. J. Stalder, R. Fitzgerald, L. A. Karriker, S. Hoff and G. Sun. 2011. Designing an objective static force plate to measure severity of lameness in multi-parity sows. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 5. Fitzgerald, R. F., A. K. Johnson, K. J. Stalder, K. J. Stalder, L. A. Karriker, H. T. Hill, and J. Kaisand. 2011. The effects of hoof abnormalities on sow behavior before and after feeding when housed in a farrowing stall. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 6. Fitzgerald, R. F., A. K. Johnson, K. J. Stalder, K. J. Stalder, L. A. Karriker, H. T. Hill, and J. Kaisand. 2011. The effect of hoof abnormalities on sow performance when housed in a farrowing stall. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 7. Gesing, L. M., A. K. Johnson, J. Selsby, K. J. Stalder, S. Abrams, A. Whiley, H. Hill, R. Bailey, and M. J. Ritter. 2011. Effects of pen size on the stress response at loading and unloading and transport losses from market weight pigs. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 8. Gesing, L. M., A. K. Johnson, K. J. Stalder, M. J. Ritter, J. Moody, E. Jablonski, D. Johnson, and A. Johnson. 2011. Changing pen configuration from small to large pens on resource use for the growing pig. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 9. Gesing, L. M., A. K. Johnson, K. J. Stalder, M. J. Ritter, J. Moody, E. Jablonski, D. Johnson, and A. Johnson. 2011. The influence of small versus large pens on the performance of the grow-to-finisher pig. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 10. Jackson, C. J., A. K. Johnson, L. J. Sadler, K. J. Stalder, L. A. Karriker, R. E. Edler, J. T. Holck, and P. R. DuBois. 2011. Drinker to nursery pig ratio: preference for a drinker location within a pen and its effects on aggression. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 11. Jacobs, B. M., J. F. Patience, K. J. Stalder, W. A. Dozier III, and B. J. Kerr. 2011. Evaluation of drying methods on nitrogen and energy concentration in pig feces and urine, and on poultry excreta. Animal Industry Report, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 12. Johnson, A. K., J. Kline, R. Witte, W. Holt, K. J. Stalder, L. L. Layman, L. A. Karriker, and B. de Rodas. 2011. Differences in nursery pigs behavior on the day of vaccination. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 13. Johnson, A. K., K. J. Stalder, L. A. Karriker, and J. Coetzee. 2011. Induction of a transient chemically induced lameness in the sow. Detection using live scoring and the GAITFour sensor system. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 14. Johnson, A. K., K. J. Stalder, R. F. Fitzgerald, S. Hoff, G. Sun, L. A. Karriker, J. Coetzee. 2011. Induction of a Transient Chemically Induced Lameness in the Sow. Detection Using a Prototype Embedded Micro-computer-based Force Plate System. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 15. LeKander, J., K. Stalder, A. K. Johnson, T. Crenshaw, L. Karriker. 2011. Correlation between femur and metatarsal mineral content in swine. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 16. LeKander, J., M. M Salazar, A. K. Johnson, K. J. Stalder, L. A. Karriker. 2011. Swine intensive studies laboratory at Iowa State University. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 17. McGargill, C., L. A. Karriker, M. M. Salazar, A. K. Johnson, and K. J. Stalder. 2011. Testing the feasibility of injecting joints in sows. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 18. Roca, A., W. Holt, A. K. Johnson, K. J. Stalder, L. L. Layman and L. A. Karriker. 2011. How location of feed affects the rate of feeding in multi-parity sows. Animal Industry Report. Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. ARTICLES IN TRADE PUBLICATIONS 1. Abell, C., J. Mabry, and K. Stalder. 2011. Examine new traits to gain herd production efficiency. In: Benchmark 2010 Summary of the PigCHAMP database. Farms.com Media & PigCHAMP, Ames, IA. 6:20-22. 2. Johnson, A., K. Stalder, L. Geasing, M. Ritter, J. Moody, T. Donovan, E. Jablonski. 2011. Pigs moved to large pens dont prefer home pen resources. National Hog Farmer Magazine  2011 Swine Research Review, Penton Media, Minneaplolis, MN 55425. 56(No.12):23-24. 3. Johnson, A., K. Stalder, L. Karriker, A. Roca, W. Holt., and L. Layman. 2011. Sow eating behavior studied. National Hog Farmer Magazine  2011 Swine Research Review, Penton Media, Minneapolis, MN 55425. 56(No. 12):30-31. 4. Johnson, A., K. Stalder, L. Karriker, R. Edler, and J. Tyler Holck. 2011. Pigs perfer drinker opposite the feeder. National Hog Farmer Magazine  2011 Swine Research Review, Penton Media, Minneapolis, MN 55425. 56(No. 12):34-35. 5. Johnson, A., K. Stalder, L. Karriker, R. Fitzgerald, H. Hill, and J. Kaisand. 2011. Hoof abnormalities affect sow behavior in farrowing. National Hog Farmer Magazine  2011 Swine Research Review, Penton Media, Minneaplolis, MN 55425. 56(No.12):24. 6. K. J. Stalder, K. J., R. C. Lacy, R. F. Fitzgerald, M. T. Nikkilä, A. K. Johnson, L. A. Karriker, and J. C. Gomes Neto. 2011. Longevidade da porca: traduzindo a longevidade da porca em numerous. Suinos & Cia. Consuitec Technolgia em Suinocultura, Campinas - SP - Brazil 41(December):12-18 7. Mabry, J., and K. Stalder. 2011. Realizing full genetic potential. In: National Hog Farmer Blueprint. National Hog Farmer Penton Media, Inc. Minneapolis, MN 55425. 56(10):38-40. 8. Stalder, K. J. , R. C. Lacy, R. F. Fitzgerald, M.T. Nikkilae, A. K. Johnson, and L. A. Karriker. 2011. La perspectiva espanola sobre la longevidad de la cerda (I). Anaporc  rgano Oficial de la Asociación de Porcinocultura Cientrífica, Instituto LeBlu, Madrid Spain, 73(November Issue):36-40. 9. Stalder, K. J. , R. C. Lacy, R. F. Fitzgerald, M.T. Nikkilae, A. K. Johnson, and L. A. Karriker. 2011. La perspectiva espanola sobre la longevidad de la cerda (II). Anaporc  rgano Oficial de la Asociación de Porcinocultura Cientrífica, Instituto LeBlu, Madrid Spain, 73(December Issue):38-42. 10. Stalder, K. J. 2011. Key Components: Reducing sow breakeven costs. Gene Link, National Swine Registry, West Lafayette, IN 47906, pp. 20-22. 11. Stalder, K. J.,A. Johnson, L. Karriker, and S. Hoff. 2011. Static force plate helps identify lame sows. National Hog Farmer Magazine  2011 Swine Research Review, Penton Media, Minneaplolis, MN 55425. 56(No.12):22.