Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Objective 1: To determine the health promotion and disease prevention effects of both the forms and the amounts of n-3 fatty acids by correlation with tissue functions, and with alterations in biomarkers, relevant to optimal health and disease prevention. " Determination of the effect of n-3 PUFA on rat ovulation examining both form and dose affect. " Identified an adipokine that regulates whole-body fatty acid composition and targets brown. adipose tissue function. Also identified the amount of several omega-3 fatty acids in TAG in various tissues is altered by this adipokine and may be responsible for mediating signaling effects such as gene expression. " Identification of lipid droplet proteins that modulate selective hydrolysis of fatty acids and the bioactive properties of omega-3 fatty acids. " Development of an optimal DHA dose using maternal supplementation with of omega-3 for human infant growth and neurocognitive development. " Development of body composition measurements for examining the effect of DHA dose and impact of three SNPs in FADS1 and FADS2 genes. " Development and validation of method such as frequency questionnaire to estimate dietary DHA intake(including new DHA fortified foods) with erythrocyte fatty acid profiles. " Establishment of a mathematical model for the allometric scaling of dietary lipids between human and rodent diets for cancer risk. " Determination of SDA and EPA effects on inflammation that are induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in primary mouse adipose tissue stem cells. " Development of immunohistochemical method to toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) mediated inhibitory effects of SDA and EPA. " Development of survey methods assessing health risk for secondary health conditions and disease states associated with low omega-3 fatty acid intake for children between the ages of 811. Objective 2: To examine dietary levels of both form and amount of n-3 PUFA that promote health and reduce disease that are relevant and achievable in human diets using the human equivalent dose method (allometric scaling) in rodent models. " Determination of n-3 PUFA effects on a human particular polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and the relative effect on hormone levels and regulation. " Development of the mathematical model that can be used to determine the dietary levels of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs for use in rodent diets that are achievable in the human diet based on allometric scaling. " Determination of effects of dietary EPA on adipose tissue inflammation-induced insulin resistance, lipogenesis, and fatty acid oxidation in high-fat diet(HF)-induced obese mice model. " Validation of n-3 food frequency questionnaire containing ALA, EPA, DHA and combined EPA/DHA dietary levels in children between the ages of 811 for cardiovascular diseases risks. Objective 3: To develop, test and disseminate effective means for translating research on the health promoting and disease preventing effects of n-3 PUFA into consumer food choices. " Development of testing method and dissemination of effective means for translating research on the health promoting and disease preventing effects of n-3 PUFA into consumer food choices. " Development of questions and content pages for e-extension Omega-3 website on DHA and depression, DHA content of foods, alpha-linolenic content of nuts and seeds, DHA and cardiovascular health.

" Broughton KS, Bayes J, Culver B. High alpha-linolenic acid and fish oil ingestion promotes ovulation to the same extent in rats. Nutr Res. 2010 Oct;30:731-8. " Coleman RA, Mashek DG. Mammalian triacylglycerol metabolism: synthesis, lipolysis, and signaling. Chem Rev. 2011 Oct 12;111:6359-86. " Communicating the Health Benefits of Eating Fish: Framing the Message About Seafood, Newark, Delaware, September 20, 2011. " Communicating the Health Benefits of Eating Fish. Fish for Health Conference, University of Florida, Tallahassee, July 27, 2011. " Greenberg AS, Coleman RA, Kraemer FB, McManaman JL, Obin MS, Puri V, Yan QW, Miyoshi H, Mashek DG. The role of lipid droplets in metabolic disease in rodents and humans. J Clin Invest. 2011 Jun 1;121:2102-10. " Harris, M. Seafood should be next up on FDA plate. The Hill, February 1, 2011. " Harris, M., Omega-3 Deficiency (O3D) in Pregnancy. Ten Years of Science from the 2001 FDA Advisory to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines. Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine, San Francisco, CA, February 11, 2011. " Harris, M., Omega-3 Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA): A Powerhouse Nutrient for Pregnancy, University of Colorado Denver, Department of Pediatrics, Denver, CO, January 25, 2011 " Hess T, Rexford J, Schauermann N, Harris M, Trinette R, Engle T and Mulligan C. Effects of two different dietary sources of long chain omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on incorporation into the plasma, red blood cell, and muscle cell in horses (E-2011-4384) in revision Journal of Animal Science, September 2011. " Hsueh, H.W., Zhou, Z., Whelan, J., Allen, K.G.D., Moustaid-Moussa, N., Kim, H. and Claycombe, K.J. 2011. Stearidonic and Eicosapentaenoic Acids Inhibit Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Expression in 1 Mouse Adipose Stem Cells via Toll-like Receptor-2 (TLR2) Mediated Pathway. J Nutr 141:1260-1266. " Jin D, Guo H, Bu SY, Zhang Y, Hannaford J, Mashek DG, Chen X. Lipocalin 2 is a selective modulator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activation and function in lipid homeostasis and energy expenditure. Faseb J. 2011 Feb;25:754-64. " Kalupahana NS, Claycombe K, Newman SJ, Stewart T, Siriwardhana N, Matthan N, Lichtenstein AH, Moustaid-Moussa N. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Prevents and Reverses Insulin Resistance in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice via Modulation of Adipose Tissue Inflammation. J Nutr. 2010;140(11):1915-1922. " Nalin Siriwardhana, Nishan S Kalupahana, Sarah Fletcher, Wenting Xin, Kate J Claycombe, Ling Zhao, Arnold M Saxton, Annie Quignard-Boulange, and Naima Moustaid-Moussa, N-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids differentially regulate adipose angiotensinogen and other inflammatory adipokines, in part via NF-kB dependent mechanisms, Accepted, J Nutritional Biochem, August 2011. " Rett, B.S. and Whelan, J. 2011. Increasing Dietary Linoleic Acid Does Not Increase Tissue Arachidonic Acid Content in Adults Consuming Western-Type Diets: a Systematic Review. Nutr Metabol 8:36 (in press). " Ong KT, Mashek MT, Bu SY, Greenberg AS, Mashek DG. Adipose triglyceride lipase is a major hepatic lipase that regulates triacylglycerol turnover and fatty acid signaling and partitioning. Hepatology. 2011 Jan;53:116-26. " Witkin SS, Skupski D, Herway C, Rudge MV, Saito F, Harris M. Fatty acid composition of mid-trimester amniotic fluid in women of different ethnicities. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2011 Aug 1. " Weldon, K.A. and Whelan, J. 2011. Allometric Scaling of Dietary Linoleic Acid on Changes in Tissue Arachidonic Acid using Human Equivalent Diets in Mice. Nutr Metabol 8:43 (in press). " Whelan, J., Gouffon, J. and Zhao, Y. 2011. Effects of dietary stearidonic acid on biomarkers of lipid metabolism. J Nutr (in press, 2011).