Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Objective 1: Develop and evaluate new textiles and materials systems and processes NY developed and evaluated new textiles and materials systems and processes. New self-decontaminating materials that are defined as substances or objects designed and fabricated to deactivate pathogenic microorganisms or chemical warfare agents were developed to be used in personal protective equipment PPE. Engineering the self-contaminating protective systems considered both catalytic performance and the structure and property of substrate using TiO2 and MgO as self-decontaminating catalysts. Coaxial electrospinning was used to tune the catalyst location in the surface region within the nanofiber thus increasing the rate of decontamination. Electrospinning of co-continuous polymer blends of polyethylene oxide (PEO) / cellulose acetate (CA) in a noble solution process was used to form deep and interconnected channels/pores in the fibers after removal of PEO. These new materials will be used for further development of self-decontaminating materials for use in PPE and in enhancing indoor air quality. CA continued the work on development of chemical and biological protective clothing materials. Halamine containing polyolefin nanofibers and nanofibrous membranes were prepared in this laboratory. Biological protective functions of the membranes were evaluated, and chemical detoxifying functions are still under examination. So far, these membranes demonstrated powerful biocidal functions against bacteria and could prevent bacteria wet penetration through the membrane and still keep moisture transport properties. The membrane also oxidized aldicarb rapidly. In addition, the nanofibrous membranes possess high moisture transport properties but relatively low air permeability. These membranes are suitable materials for liners of chemical/biological protective clothing. CA also investigated photo-active functions of some benzophenone and anthraquinone compounds and found that these compounds could generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under UVA and daylight. These ROSs could provide antimicrobial and self-detoxification functions. Results have been published in several articles. This is a promising green technology that can be applied in protective clothing and devices. The results of the research have drawn additional funding from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency regarding the use of these nanofibers in chemical/biological protective clothing. In addition, CA is analyzing heat conduction in porous media. By analyzing the irreversibility of heat conduction in porous media and its relation to effective thermal conductivities (ETC), a nondimensional entransy dissipation rate (NER) has been developed as an objective function in optimizing the thermal behaviors of a complex medium or designing a material system with desired thermal performance for a given condition. Objective 2: To design and evaluate garment systems and processes. NY is continuing to test the new coverall design that was developed with the goal of maximize movement without sacrificing comfort or protection, and minimizing the overall silhouette to reduce the incidence of tears from catching on equipment or orchard tree branches. The new design with pleated insets at stress points was compared to two commercial coverall designs in a pilot fit test conducted with 13 pesticide applicators (10 females; 3 males) using the 3D body scanner. Participants were scanned wearing the three coverall styles in five different positions common to the process of pesticide application. The data are being analyzed with particular attention to the stress on the garment caused by bending and reaching. Field testing is being that includes wear study and focus group meetings to investigate the size and fit issues of three coverall designs is being conducted by HI, NY, CA and CO. IA, NY, HI, and Buffalo State completed the analysis of male and female firefighter focus group data. IA also compared 3D visual pant fit and wearers subjective acceptability. HI and Buffalo State analyzed firefighters' turnout gear. Buffalo State also contacted local fire stations for donations of used bunker gear including gloves and footwear. In addition, photographs taken during firefighter training were used to evaluate the fit and method of wearing bunker gear and equipment. NY acquired a 3D scanner that captures higher resolution data for hand anthropometry and glove design. MN developed method and protocol for measuring the 3D movement of garments relative to the body surface. Set of 25 custom-designed denim trousers fabricated for experimental evaluation of impact of fit and textile properties on movement of garments over the body surface. Movement data has been collected from these custom pants and is currently under extensive analysis. MN is also collaborating with Virginia Techs e-textiles laboratory on a project titled Electronic textiles for ambulatory health monitoring. This project has implications for garment-integrated sensing in many personal protective technology applications. MN secured funds from 3M to support smart clothing research titled Highly Functional Apparel: Textile-Integrated Sensing for Body and Environment Monitoring" and from the University of Minnesota Imagine Fund to support smart clothing research titled Body- and Emotionally-Responsive Smart Clothing Through Garment-Integrated Sensor-Actuator Systems. Funding was also secured from Nokia Research to support a graduate course and subsequent research projects in mobile interfaces. CA collected and summarized data on perceptions of potential sources of hospital-acquired infections and critical failures of medical textiles have been summarized and published. Research on consumer acceptance of recycled clothing materials compared to virgin materials has been extended by examining how perceptions varied when the materials were associated with different types of brands. CO worked on a hospital gown redesign project entitled Development of innovative hospital apparel was initiated and collaborative partnership with Poudre Valley Health System, Fort Collins-Loveland, CO was developed. Data collection for phase 1 (user survey) was completed. CO also conducted preliminary work on foot scanning and use of an eye tracker, to compare aesthetic visualization between the designer and the user. Objective 3: Establish a communication and education system for personal protective technology NY developed components for a new website Pesticide Handlers  Suit Up! This year garment illustrations, male and female figures, Excel files, and the website framework was completed. Participants have been recruited and a protocol has been established to pilot test the website as soon as it is functional. MD is developing a database with PPE requirements on over 1600 EPA approved pesticide labels. This database includes information on active ingredient, EPE registration number, pesticide type, garment, respirator, glove and other accessories requirements. MD also conducted study to compare the results of pesticide penetration through used garments and a rapid test method to determine the performance of used garments with repellent finish. The rapid test method has the potential for use as an end of life indicator for PPE with repellent finish. MN included mobility and fit in the design of disposable coveralls as part of undergraduate course. The project was developed in conjunction with 3M. As a result, 3M has hired an undergraduate intern for summer 2011 to re-design garment patterns and conduct an analysis of their existing sizing system.

PUBLICATIONS - 2010 Ashdown, S.P., and Loker, S., (2010). Mass customized target market sizing: Extending the sizing paradigm for improved apparel fit, Design Practice, 2(2), pp. 147-173. Ashdown, S.P., Devine, C., and Erickson, P.D. (2010). Research in body/garment relationships, Proceedings of the International Conference on 3D Body Scanning Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, Oct. 19-20. Hometrica Consulting, Zurich, Switzerland. www.hometrica.ch. Barker, J., Black, C., and Cloud, R. (2010). Comfort comparison of ballistic vest panels for police officers. Journal of Textile and Apparel Technology and Management, 6 (3). Cheng, K. C., Lin, S., and Chang, C. P., (2010). Preparation and sustained release properties of alginate capsules containing coffee extracts. Journal of the Hwa Gang, 17(2), 94-100. Cheng, K. Z., Lin, S., Chang, C. P., Lin, M. H, and Kuo, Y.L., (2010). Preparation and sustained release properties of alginate capsules coffee extracts. The 26th Taiwan Fiber and Textiles Conference Proceedings, PA-07, Taiwan. Choi, S.Y. and Ashdown, S.P., (2010). 3D body scan analysis of dimensional change in lower body measurements for active body positions. Textile Research Journal, 81(1), pp 81-93. Dunne, L.E., (2010). Beyond the Second Skin: An Experimental Approach to Addressing Garment Style and Fit Variables in the Design of Sensing Garments. International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology, and Education, 3:3 p109-117. Dunne, L.E., (2010). Optical Bend Sensing for Wearable Goniometry: Exploring the Comfort/Accuracy Tradeoff. Research Journal of Textiles and Apparel.14:4 p73-80. Gan, Y., Cheng, L., Ding, X., and Pan, N., (2010). Blood flow fluctuation underneath human forearm skin caused by local thermal stimuli of different fabrics, Journal of Thermal Biology, V 35, 352-377. Gao, J., Pan, N., and Yu, W., (2010). Compression behavior evaluation of single-down-fiber and down fiber assemblies, Journal of the Textile Institute, V 101, 253-260. Hong, K.H., and Sun, G., (2010). Benzophenone Incorporated Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogels as Photo-induced Antimicrobial Materials, Polymer Engineering and Science, V 50. 1780-1787. Lin, S., (2010). Exploratory analysis of Chinese-American family caregivers' needs and instructional video on dressing stroke survivors. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 34(5), 581-586. Lin, C. A., Hsieh, M. S., Cheag, R. J., Chen, Y.C., Lin, S., and Chang, C. P., (2010). Preparation and sustained properties of various deacetylated chitosan capsules containing collagen. Journal of the Hwa Gang, 17(1), 25-32. Lukas, D., Pan, N., Sarkar, A., Weng, M., Chaloupek, J., Kostakova, E., Ocheretna, L., Miles, P., Pociute, M., and Amler, E., (2010). Auto-model based computer simulation of Plateau-Rayleigh instability of mixtures of immiscible liquids, Physical A., V 389, 2164-2176. Nastaran, H., and Sun, G., (2010). Intermolecular Interactions between Surfactants and Cationic Dyes and Effect on Antimicrobial Properties, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research V 49, 8347-8352 Pan, N., (2010). Recent progress in soft materials science, International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation, V 11, 1. Park, J., DeLong, M., and Woods, E., (2010). Quantification of aesthetic viewing using eye tracking technology: The influence of previous training in apparel design. Proc. of the 2010 Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research & Applications, 153-155. Park, J., Kim, D., and Sohn, M., (2010). 3D simulation as an effective instructional tool for enhancing spatial visualization skills in apparel design. International Journal of Technology and Design Education.Advance online publication. doi: 10.1007/s10798-010-9127-3 Shaw, A., (2010). Global Perspective on Protective Clothing for Pesticide Operators Outlooks on Pest Management, pages 257-260, Song, H.K. and Ashdown, S. P., (2010). An Exploratory Study of the Validity of Visual Fit Assessment from Three-Dimensional Scans, Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 28(4), pp. 263-278. Xiang, B., Sun, G., Lam, K.S., and Xiao, K., (2010). Novel poly (ethylene-co-acrylic acid) Nanofibrous Biomaterials for Peptide Synthesis and Biomedical Applications, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research: Part A. V 95A, 245-255. Xue, C., Wang, D., Xiang B., Chiou, B.S., and Sun G., (2010). Morphology Evolution of Polypropylene in Immiscible Polymer Blends for Fabrication of Nanofibers, Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics. V 48, 921-931. 2010 Xue, C., Wang, D., Xiang, B., Chiou, B.S., and Sun G., (2010). Controlled and high throughput fabrication of poly (trimethylene terephthalate) nanofibers via melt extrusion of immiscible blends, Materials Chemistry and Physics. V 124, 48-51 Yang, H., Zhu, S., and Pan, N., (2010). On the Kubelka-Munk single constant/two constant theories, Textile Research Journal, V 80, 263-270 Thesis Song, H.K, Categorization of Womens Lower Body Shapes using Multi-view 3D Body Scan Measurements, and Development of Shape-driven Automated Custom Patterns, Ph.D. Dissertation, Cornell University, 2010 PUBLICATIONS - 2011 Ashdown, S.P., (2011). Improving body movement comfort in apparel, book chapter in Comfort in Clothing, Editor Song, G., Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge, UK. Boorady, L.M., (2011). Functional Clothing: Principles of Fit. Indian Journal for Fibre and Textile Research (IJFTR) Chen, Q., Zhu, H., Pan, N., and Guo, Z., (2011). An Alternative Criterion in Heat Transfer Optimization, Proc. R. Soc. A., V 467, 10121028. Dunne, L.E., Gioberto, G., Ramesh, V., and Koo, H., (2011). Measuring Movement of Denim Trousers for Garment-Integrated Sensing Applications. Proc. of the ACM Engineering in Medicine and Biology Conference, Boston. Dunne, L.E., Gioberto, G., and Koo, H., (2011). A Method of Measuring Garment Movement for Wearable Sensing, Proc. of the 15th IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers, San Francisco, CA, USA. Hong, K. H., and Sun, G., (2011). Photoactive antibacterial cotton fabrics treated by 3,3,4,4-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, Carbohydrate Polymers, V 84, 10271032. Obendorf, S. K., (2011). Improving the functionality of clothing through novel pesticide protection/Novel pesticide protective clothing, Functional textiles for improved performance, protection and health, Part 2: Functional textiles for improved medical and health purposes, ed. N. Pan and G. Sun, Woodhead Publishing, Ltd, Cambridge, UK, pp. 433-460. Park, S. M., Choi, K.M., Nam, Y. J., and Lee, Y. A., (2011). Multi-purpose three-dimensional body form. International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, 23 (1), 8-24. Rucker, M., Brasch, J., and Haise, C., (2011). Textile products and prevention of hospital acquired infections, Journal of Medical Marketing, V 11, 156-164. Song, H.K., and Ashdown, S.P., (2011). Categorization of Lower Body Shapes Based on Multiple View Analysis, Textile Research Journal, 81, (9), pp 914-931. Wang, D., and Sun, G., (2011). Novel Polymer Blends from Polyester and Bio-Based Cellulose Ester, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, V 119, No. 4 2302-2309 Wang, D., Sun, G., and Yu, L., (2011). Recyclability of Cellulose Acetate Butyrate (CAB) Matrix for Controllable and Productive Fabrication of Thermoplastic Nanofibers, Carbohydrate Polymers, V 83, 1095-1100. Zong, Y., and Lee, Y. A., (2011). An exploratory study of integrative approach between 3D body scanning technology and motion capture system in the apparel industry. International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education, 4 (2), 91-101. Thesis Lange, L.E., Effects of Plasma Etching on Self-Decontaminating Properties of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles in Polypropylene Fibers Tested with Methyl Parathion, MS Thesis Cornell University, 2011. Brasch, J.E., Medical textiles that suit the user: Predicting healthcare workers' preference for disposable versus reusable surgical gowns, MS Thesis, University of California at Davis, 2011.