Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Matt Hersom, chair, welcomed everyone to the annual SERA-41 meeting. He invited everyone to introduce themselves. Dr. Jimmy Henning, Extension administrative advisor, provided the group with input regarding the project and requirements to be successful. Dr. David Morrison, Research administrative advisor, congratulated the group for staying the course to ensure the project proposal was approved. He then restated the need to ensure the group accomplishes the goals set forth for the project. The chair then opened the floor for nominations for incoming secretary with a reminder that the rotation went to research. Guillermo Scaglia was nominated by Russ Muntifering and accepted. Seconded by Paul Beck and Venessa Carriher. (check names). Unanimous vote in favor of Dr. Scaglia to be the incoming secretary. Annual report  Each state should designate an individual to assemble and submit a state report that will be sent to Jeff Lehmkuhler. Secretary would then submit report to David Morrison for submission into the NIMSS system. Follow the objectives and submit the accomplishments to the state coordinator, the state coordinator will assemble the state report following the guidelines that were emailed to the group prior to the annual meeting. Deadline is 60 days from today to submit the report into NIMSS. Suggested March 15th as a deadline to get them to Jeff. Emphasize linkages among the states and groups. Matt Poore asked about a template for the report, suggested to follow the report format Matt Hersom circulated. Bill Pinchak indicated that planning of a multi-state SERA-41 program hosted by the group or something in the next year or two and/or joint publication would be the key to success. Matt Hersom indicated that there were 13 states and he broke these around Geographic regions to have the annual reports given. They follow the location of the meetings for the life of the project. Annual reports were given by Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas and Louisiana. Monte Rouquette  Texas Report (handout provided). Monte gave a nice overview of the state with precipitation, forage type areas, and research stations. He has been at Overton since 1970. Rye/ryegrass stocker work. Tifton Bermuda also works well for stockers. Kanes here in Corpus Christi killing Brahman influenced cattle which are bought on live basis w/ no discount. He discussed the BeefSYS database that is being used to calculate full production systems data. Bonsmara and Brahman breeding programs to generate efficiency data. Monte stressed that fee-based extension programs are being implemented. Beef Cattle Short Course is the largest (1400 attendees), attend the workshop which makes it the largest program. Little support and limited funding make it necessary to use funds across areas. Ranch and property fragmentation giving rise to novices and new clientele. Driving fee-based programming to deliver new information. David Lalman  Oklahoma Report (oral presentation). Forage research is down to Lalman and Horn. Dr. Richards and Kreibel work on systems research, but it is limited. Hay feeding systems, cow efficiency area but limited because of lack of resources to do this work. Ryan, Noble Foundation, doing some work in similar topics. No improvement in reproductive cow efficiency in the last 20 years with 81-82% weaning percentage while North Dakota is in the 90s. Oklahoma is the fastest Angus registration state in the nation even though crossbreeding is still being discussed. Matching forage needs to cow nutrient needs. Need a better job of benchmarking and track if progress is being observed along the reproductive data. Overshot the forage base support to support the level of milk production in cows. Also have a handful of fee-based programs for example 28 hours in Master Cattleman. To get large audiences, need to spend more dollars on speakers, more hands-on work, and more extravagant meetings to get the folks to come and becoming more of a challenge. Muscling increased selection for is rapidly driving nutrient requirements up while stocking rates are being exceeded. Ken Coffey  Arkansas report (ppt). Research project AFRI / NRI project novel endophyte fescue work. Slow producer acceptability due to costs, land limitations and persistence questions. Discussed the research activities of this collaborative work. Targeted 30 days pre-breeding and/or 30 days pre-weaning to be on novel fescue. Just moving cows off toxic fescue during the breeding season, preg rates increased from 44% to 80%. Fall calving increased weaning weights by nearly 90 lbs. Extension demonstration 300 days of Grazing has had large impacts. There are a number of demonstrations involving reducing stocking rates and stockpiling forages. Four demonstration on-farm sites as part of the program. Dissemination of information is being conducted by the participants themselves. Guillermo Scaglia  LSU AgCenter (ppt and hand-out). Beef cattle and forages interaction research presented is that linked to the objectives of SERA041. . Other research is conducted (reproduction, breeding and genetics, etc.) which is not considered part of the objectives. In the state and considering all disciplines there are 5 research stations that involved beef cattle research (Iberia, Hill Farm, Red River, Central, and Dean Lee) . Recent hires in these areas (2 in the last 8 months) and Guillermo has been there only 3 years. Ryon Walker plans to study the impact of cow size on the Hill Farm Station and alternative winter feeding strategies. Karl Harborth is in Baton Rouge and he is 70% Extension and 30% research. His work will concentrate on the influence of pre- and post-weaning management. Mike McCormick (dairy nutrition) is doing balage research at the Southeast Station. Scaglia research determines hay needs for stockers grazing high quality forages. Finishing steers at 1,100 lbs on 3 different forage systems in 17-19 months with economic evaluation. Spatial arrangement of forage and legumes to determine effect on grazing behavior and performance of beef replacement heifers. Guillermo is collaborating with Dr. H. T. Boland (Mississippi State) on this topic. Pasture walks at the station twice a year. Field days in each parish area about every 6 to 9 months. Matt Hersom mentioned that Matt Poore wanted to remind the group of the Integrated Beef Symposium Monday morning. That meeting originated from the SERA 41 group. Matt Hersom turned meeting over to incoming chair, Ken Coffey, to lead the discussion. John Arthington asked if the reports would be similar to the multi-state report. John suggested that a template be provided to the states preventing the need to interpret things. It was mentioned that most of the state reports lack the ability to catch the collaborations between Faculty which will be needed for the report. Bill mentioned to be sure to list the outreach objectives. Examples of multi-state efforts need to be listed with the discussion. Be sure to list the multi-state programs that were already on-going and list those on the report. Jim Neel indicated the need to continue to focus on the stocker aspect for programming research. Ken Coffey indicated that there is a lack of enthusiasm on retained ownership programs, but an area to focus on in the future. John Waller indicated that the stocker is an entry point for younger generations to be able to start farming. Matt Poore is also seeing addition of the larger farms backgrounding the cattle in North Carolina. Explosion of local finishing seems to be a trend in NC. Several states seeing similar interest, but the question of market demand needs to be fully investigated. Jim Neel questioned about what should the focus of the future for this group be? Monte asked how to link up to find out what each member of the group is doing and how to access research supported information to answer clientele questions. This was great discussion supporting the need for this SERA-41 project and these questions are objectives which we hope will be accomplished with the project. Jimmy Henning introduced to give input and thoughts. Challenge the group to think why do we want a SERA 41 group? Place emphasis on extension aspects that are really strong. First thing is the clientele at the state level. If the objectives are not correct, then rewrite them. Several good ideas were discussed in this session already. Jimmy stated that he wont wait five years, he works for the group to help the project be successful and wants to work with the group starting early. White paper on grassfed beef may be a good example of a multi-state project. Mentioned that he is grateful to be a part of the group. Bill Pinchak stated that he would like then group to identify which of the questions or needs (research or outreach) were universal across the states. What were the researchable questions, then take the entire base of knowledge and write a research review paper on some of these questions. Have any extension papers been written in the last 20 years as a method to help answer these questions? John Waller mentioned the fescue update that is hosted on the Oregon website. Fescue, soyhull/coproduct symposia, or hosting a SE grazinglands conference hosted by SERA 41 were discussed. Matt suggested that the Southern ASAS meeting as a host to conduct the beef symposia at the meeting. Bill suggested a grazinglands conference be conducted in conjunction with national ASAS meeting when it is in the region. Perhaps Fescue is the focus of the symposia for next year in Alabama. Ken asked the group to email the group ideas about the symposia and Matt mentioned that hell work with the symposia again. John Waller asked if grazing and heat stress management would be the focus. Ken wanted to thank the committee for the work to improve project. Get the reports turned in to Jeff. Guillermo suggested to be sure to email everyone again about following up with the states to ensure that folks that are on the project in the NIMSS system get the emails. Jeff will work with David Morrison to get the minutes and email about reports out through NIMSS. Ken adjourned the group.

Objectives for SERA 041 1. Identify and prioritize beef-forage research and Extension issues in the Southeast. Develop multi-institutional research projects that will assist producers to achieve greater efficiency and productivity, and design develop and implement Cooperative Extension educational programs to maximize knowledge transfer and impact through local and regional county agents/educators. Sub-Objective 1: Research Initiatives (1) Seek input from stakeholders and create advisory groups that will help develop research programs which will aid in securing external funding. Arkansas Evaluate the performance and production systems of beef cattle utilizing forage and biomass residues associated with cellulosic biofuel production. Activities: Grazing research trial investigated spring and fall-calving cows grazing either wild-type endophyte infected (E+) or novel endophyte infected (NE+) tall fescue to evaluate the effects of calving season and use of NE+ on cow-calf performance, economics, and soil characteristics. Outcomes: A fall-calving season may be more desirable for cows grazing E+, resulting in greater calving rates, cow weight, and BCS at critical times, and heavier calves at weaning and per cow exposed. Limited access to NE+ may improve cow weight at weaning, calf weight through weaning, and may increase calving rates of both spring and fall-calving cows. Alabama Members of SERA41 met with the National Cattlemens Beef Association Beef Cattle Production Research Committee in Denver, CO to discuss and revise the Beef Cattle production research priorities. The shift of available USDA Competitive Grant funding away from beef cattle production research has negatively affected the production of beef protein for a growing world population. Without this funding the sustainability of extension, production research, and the land grant faculty with expertise in beef research, teaching, and outreach will be jeopardized. A subcommittee was appointed for the development of white papers on key research themes for the use in the development of a coordinated policy effort to affect federal funding. Florida Through the advisory council of the Range Cattle Research and Education Center, an endowment funding effort has been initiated. This effort follows a previously successful campaign, which generated $280,000 in private support for the funding of a new conference room and graduate student residence. The new campaign is focused on funding a meeting pavilion that will accommodate 60 guests participating in educational activities at the Center. Outcome: To date, $21,000 of the targeted $50,000 has been committed. Texas Stakeholder advisory groups have met on an annual or biannual basis at the various Research & Extension Centers in which forage-beef production is being conducted. Louisiana Activities: An advisory group of producers for the forage fed beef project was created. They have been instrumental in the increase participation of other producers in outreach activities like pasture walks, field days and farms visits. Their support has always been a help in securing external funding. Annual meetings are conducted coinciding with an outreach activity. Outcomes: Better organization of outreach activities, help recruiting new producers, and support of other activities. (2) Evaluate the performance and production systems of beef cattle utilizing forage and biomass residues associated with cellulosic biofuel production. Florida A research project was conducted for three years to evaluate the potential biomass production and phytoremediation of 15 species/cultivars of warm-season grasses. A subset of ten species/cultivars were evaluated for haylage nutritive value and fermentation characteristics. Outcome - This research effort identified potential forages species with greater biomass and phytoremediation potential. Texas The most comprehensive research on biofuel residues has been conducted by Dr. Jim McDonald. This research has been targeted at use of dry distillers grain and has received extramural funding. (3) Evaluate forage systems that incorporate the use of native grasses and/or legumes in conjunction with perennial grasses on cow-calf, stocker, and finishing cattle performance and products; forage nutrient availability; and optimizing fertilizer inputs. Arkansas Activities: Research comparing nitrogen fertilizer to interseeded clovers or alfalfa in bermudagrass pastures for growing calves. Outcomes: Daily gains and BW increased linearly with increasing N rate. Daily gains and BW of steers from alfalfa pastures did not differ from 56 kg N rate, but were less than 112 kg N rate. Gains of clover steers were less than 56 and 112 kg N rate. Grazing-d/ha and gain/ha increased with increasing N rate. Grazing-d/ha of clover and alfalfa pastures were greater than 112 kg N rate. Pastures containing clover produced more BW gain/ha than 56 kg N rate but did not differ from 112 kg N rate. Gain/ha of alfalfa was greater than clover and the 112 kg N rate. Alabama Activities: In the winter of 2009-2010, 18 cow/calf (October-born calves) pairs were assigned to 3 treatments: (1) stockpiled tall fescue for 4 hrs/day ([ acre parceled out every 3 days), (2) free-choice access to hay + 7 lbs soyhull pellets/day, and (3) restricted access to hay for 4 hrs/day + 7 lbs soyhull pellets/day. In general, as time progressed, crude protein percentage in the fescue decreased, as did NDF and ADF values. However relative feed value significantly improved by project end, probably due to slight regrowth of the fescue. Outcome: There were no significant differences in cow or calf weight performance due to treatment. Thus, by proper forage management, a producer with 100 cows and 60 days of additional grazing would have total feed costs of $767 (stockpile) vs $6,195 (soyhulls and continuous access to hay). Results are interpreted to mean that stockpiled tall fescue was a cost-effective alternative to hay and supplement under the conditions of this study. Florida The use of cowpea as forage for cow-calf production was evaluated for 2 years. In addition, a study to evaluate the effects of overseeding Syltosanthes sp. on bahiagrass pastures grazed by beef heifers has been conducted. Treatments were bahiagrass pasture with no fertilization, bahiagrass + 56 kg N/ha, or bahiagrass overseeded with Stylosanthes. Outcome: The inclusion of warm-season grasses on bahiagrass did not improve animal performance and did not replace N fertilization in short-term studies. Texas Native legumes have been evaluated for persistence and seeding characteristics by Dr. Jim Muir. Bermudagrass pastures overseeded with clover or ryegrass are components of a long-term nutrient cycling experiment for use by cows and calves. The F-1 (Angus or Hereford x Brahman) cows from two calving seasons provides for cow-calf, stocker, and feedlot-carcass data sets. Stockers have been grazed on Tifton 85 bermudagrass (fall-calvers) under continuous vs rotational stocking, or on rye + ryegrass (winter calves) under stocking rate regimens. The Brahman cow herd at Overton has had weaning heifers and bulls phenotype for Residual Feed Index (RFI). Heifers ranked as positive or negative are being bred to RFI- positive and negative Hereford bulls. The RFI-ranked Brahman bulls have been assessed for intake under grazing conditions using alkanes. Various breeds of steers and heifers have been assessed for RFI via Growsafe technology at TAMU-College Station. Mississippi Experiment 1 evaluated grazing systems consisting of spatially separated monoculture grasses and legumes within the same paddock (SS) to address constraints with the widespread adoption of utilizing legumes in pastures. A grazing quantified pasture and animal responses of four forage systems (FS) grazed at two stocking rates (SR; 3 or 6 animals ha 1). Using Marshall annual ryegrass and Durana white clover, FS treatments included SS, monoculture grass (MG), monoculture legume (ML), and a binary mixture of grass and legume (MIX). Experiment 1: The results indicated that a grazing system with spatially separated monoculture grasses and legumes within the same paddock has potential to improve pasture productivity. Studies planned for the current season will seek to determine the appropriate ratio of legume to grass in the spatially separated system that optimizes animal performance. Experiment 2: One year of the study was completed and Year 2 evaluation is currently ongoing. Visual estimates determined that tall fescue composition was 56% in TF, 29% in NWC, and 18% in DWC swards. White clover composition was greater in DWC than NWC but swards of all three forage systems had about the same proportion of weeds to desired species. Average daily gain was not different between overseeded treatments but both were greater than the control. Average herbage mass was similar across treatments, but herbage accumulation was greater for overseeded pastures than the control. This led to greater herbage disappearance, indicating potentially more forage intake on the overseeded treatments. The preliminary results demonstrate that pasture quality, indicated by animal performance, and pasture growth rate were improved by overseeding deteriorating tall fescue pastures with white clover. Activities: The performance and reactions of cattle from grazing Jesup AR542, AGRFA-140, AGRFA 144, and AGRFA-150 tall fescue were documented in terms of steer average daily gain, gains per acre, hair coat score, and rectal temperature. The feedlot performance and carcass data of all cattle processed from the pasture treatments were monitored. Cows and calves were utilized for a project on Decreasing the Stress of Weaning and Transport in Beef Cattle. Treatments included 1) traditional weaning by abrupt separation (control), 2) two-stage weaning with a "one-size fits all" nose-clip, 3) two-stage weaning with an adjustable size nose-clip, and 4) fence-line weaning. Nose-clips were worn for 5 days and fence-line treatment calves were placed in a paddock adjacent to their dam for 5 days. A simulated transport study was also conducted during the post-weaning period. Accomplishments: In the stocker grazing trial, there were no treatment differences within date for forage availability. Cattle grazing Kentucky-31 E+ exhibited reduced average daily gains and signs of fescue toxicosis. Average daily gain and other animal performance data show the elite tall fescue cultivars to be superior to existing tall fescue options. Louisiana Activities: The project generated outputs in the form of oral presentations at two Pasture Walks. The significance of developing this project is that it serves as a framework for outreach activities in topics of interest for beef cattle and forage producers in the region. Outcomes: Legumes and grass in mixed swards, adjacent monocultures of grass and legumes, and legume monocultures improved average daily gains of stocker heifers by 0.25 kg when compared to ryegrass monoculture. Heifers on mixed swards walked more than those grazing ryegrass monocultures, with no difference in activity between the heifers grazing on treatments where clovers are available. (4) Evaluate the role of multiple industries co-products as supplements for beef cattle offered forage-based diets and their impact on beef cattle production. Arkansas Activities: Research effect of daily or alternate day distillers grains supplementation with or without Rumensin on performance of growing heifers. Outcomes: Supplementation increased final BW by 33 kg, but there were no statistically significant effects of Rumensin addition or supplementation timing. Rumensin addition to the supplement numerically increased daily BW gains by 6% and supplemental feed efficiency by 18%, which corresponds with observations in previous research. Alabama During the reporting period a study was conducted to replicate last years work with pelleted peanut hulls. Information from the feeding trials was disseminated at 8 producer meetings across Alabama and 2 southeastern regional meetings. Two abstracts were presented at the Southern Section Animal Science meetings. Our work indicated that pelleted peanut hulls could be used as an effective fiber source when soyhulls or corn gluten feed was the main dietary ingredient. Stockpiled Tifton-85 bermudagrass for cow/calf production: Cow/calf pairs were assigned to 2 treatments: (1) stockpiled Tifton-85 bermudagrass and (2) 4 to 6 lbs whole cottonseed/day. Cow weight loss was 234 and 101 lbs, and calf weight gain was 141 and 125 lbs for the whole-cottonseed and stockpiled forage treatments, respectively, over a 2-month period. Stockpiled Tifton-85 was a satisfactory alternative to whole cottonseed for meeting winter-nutrition needs of brood cows under the conditions of this study. Florida Three experiments were designed to evaluate the use of dried distillers grains (DDG) as supplements to bermudagrass round bale silage particularly for developing replacement beef heifers. Ascertaining the appropriate supplement regimen for growing beef heifers can aid beef cattle producers to optimize feed resource inputs in a category of cattle that often have high input costs. Texas Supplementation and/or forage conservation experiments have been conducted in previous years and are most likely to be initiated upon receipt of extramural grant funds. Mississippi Activities: A study was implemented at the White Sand Branch Unit, Poplarville, MS examining the use of a novel cotton ginning by-product as a supplemental feed for cattle. The by-product is cotton gin trash, gin mote, cottonseed meal, molasses, and a vitamin/mineral package pressed together in the form of a 227 kg bale. This was compared to a conventional supplement program of limit fed soybean hulls/dried distillers grain. Accomplishments: Cattle consuming soybean hull/dried distillers grain supplement had greater ADG and conversion compared to the gin trash bale, however, when comparing cost of gain, due to the lower cost of the gin-trash bale, similar cost of gain was achieved. Georgia Utilization of Corn Byproducts in Corn Silage Based Beef Stocker Programs. Expanding the beef stocker segment in Georgia has potential to improve profitability and economic stability for beef cattle producers. Response: The corn byproducts distillers grains and corn gluten feed are potential sources of protein for corn silage based diets. A trial was conducted to compare these corn byproducts to a traditional corn/soybean meal supplement in corn silage based stocker diets. The results of the trial were presented at the 2010 Mountain Beef Field Day in Blairsville. (5) Evaluate methods of harvesting and conserving forage and the subsequent impact on forage quality and cattle performance. Florida A study to test the effects of inoculants and additives on Tifton 85 and Mulato II silage was conducted in 2010 and it will be repeated in 2011. Outcome: The two inoculants tested had variable impacts on warm-season grasses silage nutritive value and fermentation parameters. Tifton 85 bermudagrass hay or round bale silage (RBS) supplemented with dried distillers grains (DDG) or wet brewers grains (WBG) was studied. Cows offered RBS had slightly greater BW and BCS, but cows offered any of the four treatments maintained acceptable levels of performance. Forage type (hay or RBS) did not affect forage DMI, but DDG tended to increase forage DMI compared to WBG. Supplement DMI tended to be greater for Hay compared to RBS. Ruminal pH and ammonia-N concentration were maintained in ranges adequate to support normal ruminal metabolism and support adequate cattle performance. Utilization of RBS as an alternative conservation method for forages is an effective practice to feeding beef cows. An experiment was conducted to compare the effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzyme (Biocellulase A20) or anhydrous ammonia (4% DM) treatment on the nutritive value, voluntary intake, and digestion kinetics of Coastal bermudagrass hay harvested at two regrowth intervals. In a digestion trial, ammonia treatment decreased most fiber fractions and increased the crude protein (CP) concentration particularly for the mature lignified 13-wk hay. Enzyme treatment did not affect most nutritional components but slightly increased CP concentration. Enzyme application did not affect intake measures but ammoniation decreased intake. In Experiment 2, ammoniation increased hay DMI and tended to increase final BW and ADG. Enzyme treatment increased DMI of the 5-wk hay but had no effect on growth performance. Ammoniation improved the nutritional composition and digestibility of the hays and resulted in a trend for increased growth. Enzyme treatment improved hay CP concentration, and improved the intake and NDF and hemicelluloses digestibility of the 5-wk hay but did not improve growth. Louisiana Activities: This objective was developed after receiving feedback from producers requesting information dealing with the more efficient use of high nutritive value pasture (i.e. ryegrass). Outcomes: The use of hay as a supplement for stocker steers grazing ryegrass is under evaluation. (6) Evaluate the use of supplemental nutrients to enhance animal immunity and health being grown on southern forages. Arkansas Activities: A 3-year study was conducted to determine how limited access to novel endophyte (NE+) affects immune function in calves weaned from wild-type endophyte (E+) pastures. Outcomes: Concentrations of neutrophils, hemoglobin, and hematocrit were greater, while concentrations of eosinophils and basophils were lower for Fall vs. Spring calves. Concentrations of lymphocytes and red blood cells were greater for calve with access to NE+ prior to weaning compared to continuous accesss to E+. Concentrations of total white blood cells, neutrophils, and serum prolactin were greater with access to NE+. Florida An experiment was completed with the objective of assessing the effect of injectable trace minerals, provided after a transport stress, on measures of tissue trace mineral stores during a 30-day feedlot receiving period. Outcome : Injectable trace minerals resulted in greater liver tissue concentrations of Cu, Se, and Zn, and a greater acute phase protein response, but less ADG, compared to calves receiving saline control. A study was conducted that compared preconditioning supplements that contained an ionophore, antibiotic, or yeast-based additive, or simple control supplement for weaned calves grazing bahiagrass-bermudagrass pastures. Calf body weight gain was greater utilizing the yeast-based additive compared to other additives. Weaned and backgrounded calf plasma acute phase proteins are being analyzed to assess stress response. The use of feed additives in the preconditioning diet is one means to positively affect the health status of fresh-weaned calves during preconditioning. Texas Stocker experimentation on wheat pastures have been conducted to characterize parameters of bloat. (7) Meet annually to discuss ongoing research, Extension programs and build collaborations for future programs. Florida a. Florida Forage Workers Tour. Texas Both the Texas Pasture & Forage Work Group and the Texas Beef Work Group meets once a year to report/update scientists on existing and future programs. These two workgroups meet at the same place and date to make efficient use communication, of time, and funds. Meeting sites are rotated among College Station and Texas AgriLife Research and Extension Centers. Sub-Objective 1: Extension Initiatives (1) Seek input from stakeholders in developing educational programs priorities as well as securing financial support for developing and implementing Extension educational programs in beef cattle and forage management. Arkansas Activities: The AFRI grant that supported the AR research presented previously under Objective 1. Sub-objective 1 sections (2) and (6) also supported one county agricultural Extension agent training meeting and two on-farm field days. Research information and recommendations were presented at these meetings as well as at one producer field day on a university research station and at one vocational agriculture instructor in-service training meeting. Outcomes: Twenty-two county agents and 23 vocational agriculture instructors were given the latest information about managing tall fescue toxicosis along with the latest information pertaining to genetic technologies that are available to cattle producers today. In excess of 100 people were in attendance at the university field day and in excess of 50 producers were in attendance at each of the two on-farm field days. Kentucky Master Stocker/Backgrounder program was presented to the Kentucky Beef Network and approved by the Agricultural Development Board providing funds for two years to develop and deliver the program during 2011 and 2012. The Master Grazer program secured funds from the Agricultural Development board for 2011 and 2012 to continue to deliver educational programming focused on managed grazing. This is a multi-disciplinary program with the focus on managed grazing practices. Two grazing schools were conducted in 2010 with enrollment exceeding the cap of 45 attendees for both schools with attendees from 7 states. An additional 11 Applied Master Grazer sessions were delivered with 42 counties participating during 2010. Texas County-wide stakeholders representing commodities of forage, pastures, and beef cattle meet annually with County Extension Agents and Specialist to develop educational program priorities. (2) Develop educational programs that can be delivered via web-based technology and distance education through regional and multi-state efforts to address forage management for cow-calf, stocker, and finishing systems for county agents/educators and ultimately clientele. Florida The Forage Extension Laboratory conducted a survey to evaluate the satisfaction and the use of this management practice among forage and beef cattle producers. Texas Web-based technology continues to be developed for county and multi-county meetings. Georgia Southeast Cattle Advisor: Beef Cattle Marketing School. Utilization of distance education technology has the ability to deliver educational programs to beef cattle producers at multiple locations. Response: The Southeast Beef Cattle Advisor is a multi-state, collaborative group comprised of individuals from South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Florida. This group has secured grant funding to develop risk management education programs that include 1) a production newsletter, 2) a website to serve as a clearing house of information from Extension websites, and 3) distance education programs. (3) Design and deliver multi-state and multi-disciplinary educational programs that address southeast specific issues for beef production systems including cattle nutrition, marketing, health, genetics, and management decisions. Arkansas Activities: In an effort to help livestock producers better manage their bottom line, the 300 Day Grazing Program was developed. The objectives were to demonstrate cost effective practices to decrease production costs through reducing the dependency of harvested forages and commercial fertilizer and improving efficiency for beef cattle producers. Outcomes: Over the past two years, 99 demonstrations were implemented in 42 Arkansas counties. Whole farm demonstrations were implemented in Lawrence, Randolph and Van Buren Counties to achieve 300 days of grazing. The third implementation of the 300 Day Grazing program was established a cow herd at the Livestock and Forestry Station at Batesville to apply research-based management practices to demonstrate 300 days of grazing. Florida The Beef Cattle Short Course serves as an educational venue for a large cross-section of the Florida and Gulf Coast beef cattle producer population. The BCSC brings together cattlemen, allied industry representatives, county extension faculty, UF Department of Animal Sciences faculty, and nationally recognized out of state speakers to be educated and exchange ideas. 92% of all survey respondents indicated that valuable insights were gained and applicable to their beef cattle enterprise. 100% of participants in the last year indicated that they gained knowledge to make better decisions and 98% indicated that the program would have an impact on their beef cattle enterprise. Over 90% of participants indicated that their learning expectations were met and will make changes based upon the management information that they received. Kentucky The Mid-South Stocker Conference is a joint effort between the University of Kentucky, University of Tennessee and supporting industry representatives. The conference provides attendees with 9-10 hours of educational programs focusing on forage-based beef stocker and backgrounding management for the upper Southeast. Approximately 175-200 people attended the conference in 2010 in Tennessee. Mississippi In November of 2010, a Beef Field Day was conducted at White Sand Branch Unit, with speakers from Auburn, Louisiana State University and Mississippi State University, with topics ranging from beef cattle genetic selection, beef cattle marketing, current research results from LSU Ag-Center and MSU Ag and Forestry Experiment Station, and results from forage variety trials. (4) Incorporate data generated in the different states through research and demonstration programs to develop economic models to evaluate the efficiency of the different segments of beef cattle production. (5) Share education program evaluation tools to improve data capture, demographics, and information needs of clientele within states and the region. (6) Develop and publish translational science-based information for distribution via websites and eXtension community of practice. Arkansas Activities: Delivered a number of educational newsletters and videos electronically. Outcomes: A four tier electronic communication approach was developed: Livestock and Forage Management searchable CD containing resource information (factsheets, pictures, newsletters, spreadsheets, etc.), electronic newsletters (Beef Champs, Animal Science E-News, Beef Management Tips, Dairy Digest, Small Ruminants, Purebred E-News, Beef Cattle Research Update and Equine), videos of presentations from multi-county meetings, field days, etc. placed on the internet for viewing, and Facebook (Youth Livestock, Equine and 300 Day Grazing). Florida The Florida Beef Research Report is a visible and effective conveyance of the research activity to our peer institutions; out-side of the peer-reviewed process. This document is produced on a bi-annual basis. Production occurred during 2010 with publication in 2011. In 2010, the last 15 Beef Research Report publications received 475,027 website hits and the 2009 Beef Research Report received 48,158 hits. (7) Coordinate a Beef-Forage symposium at the annual meeting of the Southern Section American Society of Animal Sciences (ASAS) meeting. North Carolina An interdisciplinary Beef-Forage Symposium focused on Beef Heifer Development was presented at the 2011 Southern Section ASAS meetings. Speakers addressed heifer development strategies, forage/nutrition systems, advances in reproductive management technology, and integration of multiple technologies into heifer development systems. The symposium was attended by approximately 60 beef cattle researchers and extension personnel from multiple disciplines. 2. Enhance relationships between the Land-Grant University missions of research and extension with beef cattle commodity groups through State Beef Cattle Associations and other beef cattle related organizations. Arkansas Activities: Work with the Arkansas Cattlemens Association to provide educational information in the areas of beef cattle and forage management practices. Outcomes: Provide monthly articles (Animal Science: Today and Tomorrow and Arkansas Beef Improvement Program) for publications in the Arkansas Cattle Business, the official magazine of the Arkansas Cattlemens Association. Extension maintains membership on the Arkansas Cattlemens Association Producer Education Committee. The Producer Education Committee determines the educational program at the Arkansas Cattlemens Association annual convention. Activities: Work with the National Cattlemens Beef Association to provide educational information and direction in the areas of beef cattle and forage management practices. Outcomes: An Extension faculty member was selected by the Arkansas Cattlemens Association to represent them on NCBAs Producer Education Committee. Texas Some of the state beef cattle commodity groups and meetings have included the following: a. Beef Cattle Short Course 1) 2.5 days duration 2) average attendance = 1400 3) multiple, concurrent program agendas 4) 95% of attendees indicated an economic benefit 5) estimated net returns attributed to value of impact information at $1.1 M b. Texas & Southwestern Cattle Raisers Assn. 1) annual meeting with >2500 attendees 2) Cattlemens College with various forage-beef subject matter is major content with Beef Cattle Associations c. Multi-county Cow-Calf Programs 1) with 254 counties in Texas, there are several C-C programs delivered each year with individual attendance from 50 to 300 persons (Livestock & Forage Specialists). d. Texas Beef Quality Producer Program e. County and regional livestock shows & fairs 1) These events are numerous with state-wide attendance exceeding several thousand producers and youth North Carolina Through work with the Executive Committee and Board of Directors of the North Carolina Cattlemens Association, extension personnel helped to establish and coordinate a voluntary assessment program that will generate $1 per head from cattle sales in the state. At least 10% of these funds will be targeted at each of 5 priority areas including: 1) youth programs, 2) production education, 3) applied research, 4) issues management, and 5) feeder cattle and product promotion. These funds will be awarded on a competitive basis and are expected to generate at least $120,000 per year to fund extension beef cattle youth and adult education and applied research programs. 3. Develop strategies for funding high-priority integrated research and extension programs. Florida Faculty (3) are members of the Florida Cattlemens Association and participate in most of the quarterly meetings in the research and education committee. Texas Strategies for funding have included: a. State wide Beef Cattle Initiative-Texas AgriLife Research b. Federal Beef Improvement Initiative c. Grant submissions to selected or partially-related subject matter pertaining to environment, biofuel, etc. North Carolina Accomplishments: Forage and Beef Cattle Extension personnel are collaborating with extension agronomists and animal scientists, and state and federal conservationists in North and South Carolina, and Georgia to develop educational programs. Currently an educational initiative has been underway for two years in North Carolina to demonstrate winter grazing as a winter feeding option. In the winter of 2009 and 2010 16 demonstrations were to support producers as they grew and strip-grazed stockpiled pastures. In 2010-2011 demonstrations were repeated on 4 of the farms used in 2009-2010, and an additional 20 farms were added to the project. Currently proposals are pending to expand this effort into Georgia and South Carolina, and to expand the work in North Carolina.

Refereed journal articles: Anders, M. M., P. A. Beck, B. K. Watkins, S. A. Gunter, K. S. Lusby, and D. S. Hubbell, III. 2010. Soil aggregates and their associated carbon and nitrogen content in winter annual pastures using different tillage management options. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 74:1339-1347. Araujo, D.B., R.R. Cooke, G.R. Hansen, C.R. Staples, and J.D. Arthington. 2010. Effects of rumen-protected polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on performance and physiological responses of growing cattle after transportation. J. Anim. Sci. 88:4120-4132. Boland, H.T., S. Bowers, S. T. Willard. 2010. Assessment of thermal signatures of nose-clip weaned calves using digital infrared thermography. J. Anim. Sci. 88:686 (E-Suppl.2). Bungenstab, E.J., A.C. Pereira, J.C. Lin, J.L. Holliman and R.B. Muntifering. Productivity, utilization and nutritive quality of dallisgrass (Paspalum dilatatum) as influenced by stocking density under continuous or rotational grazing. Journal of Animal Science. doi 10.2527/jas.2010-3102. Castillo, M. S., L. E. Sollenberger, J.M.B. Vendramini, K. R. Woodard, J. T. Gilmour, G. A. OConnor, Y. C. Newman, M. L. Silveira, and J. B. Sartain. 2010. Municipal biosolids as an alternative nutrient source for bioenergy crops: II. Decomposition and organic nitrogen mineralization. Agron. J. 102:1314-1320. Castillo, M.S., L. E. Sollenberger, J. M.B. Vendramini, K. R. Woodard, G. A. OConnor, Y. C. Newman, M. L. Silveira, and J. B. Sartain. 2010. Municipal biosolids as an alternative nutrient source for bioenergy crops: I. Elephantgrass biomass production and soil responses. Agron. J. 102:1308-1313. Collier, C.T., J.A. Carroll, T.R. Callaway, and J.D. Arthington. 2010. Oral administration of citrus pulp reduced gastrointestinal recovery of orally dosed Escherichia coli F18 in weaned pigs. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 9:2140-2145. Francis, P. B., T. G. Montgomery, W. A. Whitworth, K. P. Coffey, and P. A. Beck. 2010. Annual ryegrass response to increased seeding rate and nitrogen fertilization. Online. Forage and Grazinglands doi:10.1094/FG-2010-0604-01-RS. Gadberry, M.S., P. A. Beck, M. Anders, B. Watkins, and J. T. Richeson. 2010. Case Study: Extension demonstrations to examine wheat yield responses to grazing within on-farm production environments a survey of thoughts on establishment methods and enterprise diversification in Arkansas. Prof. Anim. Sci. 26:115-122. Gadberry, M. S., P. A. Beck, M. S. Morgan, D. S. Hubbell, J. Butterbaugh, and B. Rudolph. 2010. Effect of dried distillers grains supplementation on calves grazing bermudagrass pasture or fed low-quality hay. Prof. Anim. Sci. 26:347-355. Hersom, M.J., G.R. Hansen, and J.D. Arthington. 2010. Effect of dietary cation-anion difference on measures of acid-base physiology and performance in beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 88:374-382. Hughes, A.L., M.J. Hersom, J.M.B. Vendramini, T.A. Thrift, and J.V. Yelich. 2010. Comparison of forage sampling method to determine nutritive value of bahiagrass pastures. Prof. Anim. Sci. 26:504-510. Inyang, U., J.M.B. Vendramini, L.E. Sollenberger, B. Sellers, A. Adesogan, Paiva, L., and A. Lunpha. 2010. Effects of stocking rates on animal performance and herbage responses of Mulato and bahiagrass pastures. Crop Sci. 50:179-185. Inyang, U., J.M.B. Vendramini, L.E. Sollenberger, M.L.A. Silveira, B. Sellers, A. Adesogan, Paiva, L., and A. Lunpha. 2010. Harvest frequency and stubble height affects herbage accumulation, nutritive value, and persistence of Mulato II brachiariagrass. Forage and Grazinglands doi:10.1094/FG-2010-0923-01-RS. Obour, A. K., M.L. Silveira, J.M.B. Vendramini, M.B. Adjei, and L.E. Sollenberger. 2010. Cattle manure application strategy effects on subsurface leaching and runoff of phosphorus from a Florida spodosol. Agron J. 102:1511-1521. Poore, M.H. and M.E. Drewnoski. 2010. Review: Utilization of stockpiled tall fescue in winter grazing systems for beef catle. Prof. Anim. Sci. 26:142-149. Silveira, M.L.A., J.M.B Vendramini, and L.E. Sollenberger. 2010. Nutrient management and water quality problems in grazingland ecosystems. Intern. J. Agron. doi:10.1155/2010/517603 Vendramini, J.M.B., and J.D. Arthington. 2010. Supplementation strategies effects on performance of beef heifers grazing stockpiled pastures. Agron. J. 102:112-117. Vendramini. J.M.B., A.T. Adesogan, M.L.A. Silveira, L.E. Sollenberger, O. C. Queiroz, and W.E. Anderson. 2010. Nutritive value and fermentation parameters of warm-season grass silage. Prof. Anim. Sci. 26:193-200. Watkins, K.B., J.A. Hignight, P.A. Beck, M.M. Anders, D.S. Hubbell, III, and S. Gadberry 2011. Stochastic dominance analysis of returns to stocker grazing on conservation tillage winter wheat forage in Arkansas. J. Soil Water Cons. 66: 51-60. http://www.jswconline.org/cgi/content/abstract/66/1/51?ct=ct Proceedings papers: Beck, P. A., C. B. Stewart, S. A. Gunter, and D. Singh. 2010. Evaluation of tall fescues for stocker cattle in the Gulf Coastal Plains of Southwest Arkansas. In: Proc. 2010 Amer. Forage Grassl. Counc. Beck, P., B Stewart, S. Gunter, D. Singh. 2010. Evaluation of Tall Fescues for Stocker Cattle in the Gulf Coastal Plain of Southwest Arkansas. American Forage and Grassland Council Annual Meeting. June 21  23, 2010, Springfield, MO. Beck P., M. Morgan, T. Hess, D. Hubbell, S. Gadberry, M. Manders, and B. Watkins. 2010. Effect of establishment method of wheat pasture and fall stocking rate on performance of growing steers. Page 213. in Proc. 4th Grazing Livestock Nutrition Conference. B. W. Hess, T. DelCurto, J.G.P. Bowman, and R. C. Waterman eds. West. Sect. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. Champaign, IL. Caldwell, J., K. Coffey, C. West, D. Philipp, J. Jennings, D. Hubbell, III, J. Tucker, A. Young, T. Hess, D. Kreider, M. Looper, M. Popp, M. Savin, E. Kegley, and C. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2010. Use of novel endophyte fescue for cows. Proc. Am. For. Grassl. Council. June 21-23, 2010, Springfield, MO. Coffey, K. P., L. A. Hardin, A. E. Killion, J. D. Caldwell, D. Philipp, W. Coblentz. 2010. Effect of a lactic acid-lactobacillus preservative and moisture concentration at baling on intake and digestibility of crabgrass hay by lambs and in-situ digestibility by heifers. Proc. Am. For. Grassl. Council. June 21-23, 2010, Springfield, MO. Scientific abstracts: Apolinário, V.X.O., J.C. B. Dubeux Jr., A. C. L. Mello, J.M.B. Vendramini. M. A. Lira, and A. A. Felix. 2010. Massa de serrapilheira em pastagem de Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. sob diferentes intensidades de pastejo e níveis de adubação nitrogenada. Brazilian Society of Animal Sciences Annual Meeting, 2010. Salvador, Brazil. Apolinário, V.X.O., J.C. B. Dubeux Jr., A. C. L. Mello, J.M.B. Vendramini, F.C. Teixeira, and R.B. Torres. 2010. Teor de Nitrogênio da serrapilheira em pastagem de Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. sob diferentes intensidades de pastejo e níveis de adubação nitrogenada. Brazilian Society of Animal Sciences Annual Meeting, 2010. Salvador, Brazil. Arthington, J.D., P.G.M.A. Martins, and R.F. Cooke. 2010. Effect of Mannheimia haemolytica vaccination and copper status on measures of the acute phase protein reaction in beef calves. 8th European Colloquium on Acute Phase Proteins. Helsinki, Finland. p. 24. Arthington, J.D., T.D. Maddock, G.H. Marquezini, V.R.G. Mercadante, and G.C. Lamb. 2010. Effect of primary and secondary Mannheimia haemolytica vaccination on haptoglobin concentrations and performance of beef calves. 8th European Colloquium on Acute Phase Proteins. Helsinki, Finland. p. 13. Ata, M. A. K. P. Coffey, J. D. Caldwell, E. B. Kegley, M. L. Looper A. N. Young, D. Philipp, C. P. West, G. F. Erf, D. S. Hubbell, III, and C. F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2010. Immune function responses by spring and fall-born calves weaned from wild-type or non-toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 2):54. Beck, P. B. Stewart, H. Gray, J. Smith, and S. Gadberry. 2010. Effect of cow-size and stocking rate during summer grazing on calf growth and cow herd efficiency. J. Anim. Sci. 88 (E-suppl. 3):17 (Abstr.). Beck, P., D. Hubbell, T. Hess, K. Haas, and J. Jennings. 2010. Replacing synthetic N with clovers or alfalfa in bermudagrass pastures for growing calves. J. Anim. Sci. 88 (E-suppl. 2):195 (Abstr.). Boland, H.T., J.A. Parish, G. Scaglia, T.F. Best, W. Epperson, S. T. Willard, and M. Howell. 2010. Evaluation of nose-clip designs for weaning beef calves. J. Anim. Sci. 88:27 (E-Suppl. 3) Bungenstab, E.J., A. C. Pereira, J. C. Lin, J. L. Holliman and R. B. Muntifering. 2010. Productivity, nutritive quality and beef cattle production from dallisgrass (Paspalum dilatatum) under continuous or rotational grazing. J. Anim. Sci. 88 (Suppl. 3): 17. Annual Meeting, Southern Section, American Society of Animal Science, Orlando, FL, February 7-10. Caldwell, J., K. Coffey, M. Looper, D. Kreider, E. Kegley, J. Jennings, C. West, D. Hubbell, III, J. Tucker, A. Young, T. Hess, M. Popp, M. Savin, D. Philipp, and C. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2010. Biological parameters by spring and fall-calving cows grazing with full access, limited access, or no access to endophyte-infected tall fescue  2-year summary. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 2):54. Caldwell, J., K. Coffey, D. Philipp, J. Jennings, D. Hubbell, III, J. Tucker, A. Young, T. Hess, D. Kreider, M. Looper, M. Popp, M. Savin, E. Kegley, and C. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2010. Using limited acreage of non-toxic, novel endophyte-infected tall fescue for spring and fall-calving cows grazing toxic, wild-type endophyte infected fescue. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 3):12. Caldwell, J., K. Coffey, D. Philipp, K. Krehbiel, B. Holland, J. Jennings, D. Hubbell, III, J. Tucker, A. Young, T. Hess, D. Kreider, M. Looper, M. Popp, M. Savin, E. Kegley, and C. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2010. Post-weaning performance by spring and fall-born steers weaned from full access, limited access, or no access to endophyte -infected tall fescue  2 year summary. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 3):133. Callaway, T.R. T.S. Edrington, J.A. Carroll, J.D. Arthington, S.C. Ricke, P. Crandall, K. Genovese, R.C. Anderson, N. Krueger, and D.J. Nisbet. 2010. Dietary orange peel and pulp can reduce Salmonella populations in the intestinal tract of sheep. Rowett/INRA Intern. Gut Microbiol. Conf. Aberdeen, Scotland, UK. 20-24 June, 2010. Campistol, C., H.G. Kattesh, J.C. Waller, E.L. Rawls, J.D. Arthington, T.E. Engle, and J.A. Carroll. 2010. Effects of two-stage and total vs. fenceline weaning on the physiology and performance of beef calves. J. Anim. Sci. 88:(E-Suppl. 2):107. Carroll, J.A., C.T. Collier, T.R. Callaway, and J.D. Arthington. 2010. Oral administration of citrus pulp reduces gastrointestinal recovery of orally dosed Escherichia coli F18 in weaned pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 88:(E-Suppl. 3):19. Cline, M.K., J. C. Lin,B. Gamble, C. R. Kerth and R. B. Muntifering. 2010. Beef cattle performance, forage productivity and quality from mixed small grain/ryegrass pasture. J. Anim. Sci. 88 (Suppl. 3): 9. Annual Meeting, Southern Section, American Society of Animal Science, Orlando, FL, February 7-10. Dillard, S.L., L. E. Sturgeon, C. W. Wood, J. L. Holliman, R. B. Muntifering, and W. F. Owsley. 2010. Productivity and nutritive quality of Johnsongrass as influenced by interseeded ladino clover and fertilization with commercial fertilizer or broiler litter. J. Anim. Sci. 88 (Suppl. 3): 9. Annual Meeting, Southern Section, American Society of Animal Science, Orlando, FL, February 7-10. Eicher, S.D., D.C. Lay, Jr., J.D. Arthington, and M.M. Schutz. 2010. Rubber flooring impact on health of dairy cows. J. Anim. Sci. 88:(E-Suppl. 2):14. Erickson, J., Z.R. Helsel, L.E. Sollenberger, K. Woodard, J.M.B. Vendramini, and L.O. Ingram. 2010. Sweet sorghum as a potential biofuel feedstock for Florida. 2010 Farm to Fuel Summit. Fedenko, J., J. Erickson, L.E. Sollenberger, K. Woodward, R. Gilbert, J. Vendramini, and Z. R. Helsel. 2010. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal of potential biofuel grasses. In: 2010 Annual meeting abstracts [CD-ROM]. ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madison, WI. Fedenko, J., J. Erickson, L.E. Sollenberger, K. Woodward, R. Gilbert, and J. Vendramini. 2010. Tissue Chemistry of Potential Bioenergy Crops. 2010 FESC Gadberry, M. S., P. A. Beck, K. Simon, and D. Hubbell. 2010. Distance to water effects on forage mass pattern for cattle grazing toxic and non-toxic fescue. J. Anim. Sci. 88 (E-suppl. 3):18 (Abstr.). Hawley, J., J. D. Caldwell, E. B. Kegley, and K. P. Coffey. 2010. Comparison of management strategies commonly used to lessen or alleviate the symptoms of fescue toxicosis in cattle using meta-analysis. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 2):55. Hawley, J., E. B. Kegley, K. P. Coffey, T. E. Davis, and J. A. Hornsby. 2010. Effects of dried distillers grains on performance of stocker cattle grazing bermudagrass. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 3):24. Kanani, J., D. Philipp, K. P. Coffey, A. N. Young, R. Rhein, and J. D. Caldwell. 2010. Nutritive value of pearl millet hay as affected by moisture concentration and bale sampling depth. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 2):56. Kerth, C.R., C. W. Rowe, R. B. Muntifering, K. R. Willian, and C. L. Bratcher. 2010. Effects of serial harvest of fall-born steers grazing warm- and cool-season forages on carcass characteristics. J. Anim. Sci. 88 (Suppl. 3): 15. Annual Meeting, Southern Section, American Society of Animal Science, Orlando, FL, February 7-10. Macoon, B., and J. Bouton. 2010. White clover effect on improving tall fescue pastures. In Annual Meetings Abstracts [CD-ROM]. ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madison, WI. Martins, P.G.M.A., D.B. Araujo, and J.D. Arthington. 2010. Evaluation of beef cow and calf separation systems to improve reproductive performance of first-calf cows. J. Anim. Sci. 88:(E-Suppl. 2):769. Martins, P.G.M.A., J.D. Arthington, A.B. Mancio, T.S. Acedo, A.L.N. Medeiros, C.A. Nascimento. 2010. Evauation of cow and calf seperation managments to improve reproductive performance of first-calf beef cows. 47th Reunião Annual da Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia. Salvdor, BA. Brasil. pp. 1  4 Martins, P.G.M.A., R. Cassiolato, F. Frigoni, M. Meneghetti, G.C. Lamb, D.G. Riley, B.H. Carter, T.H. Friend, and J.D. Arthington. 2010. Evaluation of a distinct white Angus crossbred phenotype in southern Florida. J. Anim. Sci. 88:(E-Suppl. 2):683. Monari, A. M., E. M. McKinniss, M. J. Hersom, and J. V. Yelich. 2010. Effects of supplementation with dried distillers grain (DDG) in yearling Brangus (BN) and Angus (AN) heifers fed round bale silage (RBS). I. Growth performance and body composition. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E Suppl 3):25. Monari, A. M., E. M. McKinniss, M. J. Hersom, and J. V. Yelich. 2010. Effects of supplementation with dried distillers grain (DDG) in yearling Brangus (BN) and Angus (AN) heifers fed round bale silage (RBS). II. Puberty and reproductive performance. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E Suppl 3):26. Obour, A.K., M.L.A. Silveira, J.M.B. Vendramini, and G.A. OConnor. 2010. Phosphorus mass balance for bahiagrass pastures growing on a typical Florida spodosol. In: 2009 Annual meeting abstracts [CD-ROM]. ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madison, WI. Romero, J.J., A.T. Adesogan, M.A. Zarate, O.C.M. Queiroz, J. Han, K.G. Arriola, C.M. Huisden, C.R. Staples and M. Garcia. 2009. Effect of an exogenous fibrolytic enzyme or ammonia on fiber concentration, feed intake, digestibility, and ruminal pH of steers fed bermudagrass hay harvested at two maturity stages. J. Anim. Sci. 87 (Suppl. 2):137 Romero, J.J. A.T. Adesogan, M.A. Zarate, O.C.M. Queiroz, J.H. Han, J.H. Shin, C.R. Staples, and W.F. Brown. 2010. Exogenous fibrolytic enzyme or anhydrous ammonia effects on digestion kinetics of steers fed bermudagrass harvested at two regrowth intervals. Proc. ASAS-ADSA-PSA Annual meeting, 2010. Denver, CO. Abstract 454. Ramos, M.H. and J.W. Lehmkuhler. 2010. A meta analysis comparing nitrogen fertilization versus interseeded legume on performance of ruminants. J. Anim. Sci. 88 (E-Suppl. 3): 136. Rowe, C.W., C. R. Kerth, R. B. Muntifering, K. R. Willian and C. L. Bratcher. 2010. Effects of cool- and warm season forages on instrumental color characteristics, Warner-Bratzler shear force and cooking loss of beef steers. J. Anim. Sci. 88 (Suppl. 3): 14. Annual Meeting, Southern Section, American Society of Animal Science, Orlando, FL, February 7-10. Sollenberger, L.E., J. Erickson, Z.R. Helsel, R. Gilbert, K. Woodard, J.M.B. Vendramini, and L.O. Ingram. 2010. Perennial grasses as potential biofuel feedstock for Florida. 2010 Farm to Fuel Summit. Orlando FL. Thomas, M. V., M. J. Hersom, and J. V. Yelich. 2010. Utilization of wet brewers grains (WBG) or dried distillers grains with soluble (DDGS) as supplements to round bale silage (RBS) or dry hay for young beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E Suppl 3):24. Thomas, M. V., M. J. Hersom, and J. V. Yelich. 2010. Utilization of wet brewers grains (WBG) or dried distillers grains with soluble (DDGS) as supplements to round bale silage (RBS) or dry hay on intake and digestibility in steers. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E Suppl 3):25. Vendramini, J.M.B., A.T. Adesogan, M.L.A. Silveira, L.E. Sollenberger, O. C. Queiroz, and W.E. Anderson. 2010. Nutritive value and fermentation parameters of warm-season grass silage In: ASAS-ADSA-PSA Annual meeting, 2010. Denver, CO. Vendramini, J.M.B., J.D. Arthington, and A. Adesogan. 2010. The use of cowpea as forage for cow-calf production in Florida. 2010. In: 2010 Annual meeting abstracts [CD-ROM]. ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madison, WI. Vendramini, J.M.B., J.D. Arthington, C. Carr, F. Frigoini, P.G.M.A. Martins, M.M. Salin, and R. Cassiolato. 2010. Performance and carcass traits of pasture- vs. grain-finished steers in Florida. J. Anim. Sci. 88:(E-Suppl. 3):7. Extension: Warren, M., E. Jennings, M. Hersom. 2010. Winter feed estimator: A practical tool for the beef cow-calf producer. IFAS EDIS document. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/AN244 Thomas, M., M. Hersom, T. Thrift, and J. Yelich. 2010. Wet brewers grains for cattle. IFAS EDIS document. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/AN241 Hersom, M., T. Thrift, and J. Yelich. 2010. What does it cost to develop a replacement heifer? IFAS EDIS document. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/AN238 Department reports: Ata, M.A., K.P. Coffey, J.D. Caldwell, A. N. Young, D. Philipp, E. Kegley, G.F. Erf, D.S. Hubbell, III, and C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2010. Immune function responses of spring and fall-born calves weaned from wild-type or novel-endophyte infected tall fescue. Arkansas Agri. Exper. Sta. Research Series 584:16-19. Briggs, B. E., T. G. Montgomery, K. P. Coffey, D Philipp, P. B. Francis, J. D. Caldwell, W. A. Whitworth, and A. N. Young. 2010. Growth Performance by Heifers Grazing Sod-Seeded Annual Ryegrass Pastures Fertilized with Nitrogen or Overseeded with Crimson, Ladino, or both Crimson and Ladino Clovers Arkansas Agri. Exper. Sta. Research Series 584:24-25. Boland, H.T., J. A. Parish, J.R. Parish, J. D. Rhinehart, and T. F. Best. 2010. Factors influencing transportation stress in beef cattle. Producer Advisory Council. Div. Agri. Forestry and Vet. Med., Mississippi State Univ., North MS Research and Extension Center, February 18. Verona, MS. Boland, H.T., J. A. Parish, and R.C. Vann. 2010. GrowSafe Feeding Facilities at Mississippi State University. Producer Advisory Council. Div. Agri. Forestry and Vet. Med., Mississippi State Univ., North MS Research and Extension Center, February 18. Verona, MS. Boland, H.T., J. A. Parish, G. Scaglia, T. F. Best, W. Epperson, S. T. Willard, M. Howell. 2010. Two-stage weaning with different nose-clip designs. Producer Advisory Council. Div. Agri. Forestry and Vet. Med., Mississippi State Univ., North MS Research and Extension Center, February 18. Verona, MS. Parish, J. A., J. R. Parish, H. T. Boland, T. F. Best, J. D. Rhinehart, and C. Young. 2010. Stocker Steer Performance Grazing Elite Tall Fescue Cultivars. Producer Advisory Council. Div. Agri. Forestry and Vet. Med., Mississippi State Univ., North MS Research and Extension Center, February 18. Verona, MS. Caldwell, J., K. Coffey, C. West, D. Philipp, J. Jennings, D. Hubbell, III, J. Tucker, A. Young, T. Hess, D. Kreider, M. Looper, M. Popp, M. Savin, E. Kegley, and C. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2010. Performance by spring and fall-calving cows grazing with full access, limited access, or no access to wild-type endophtye-infected fescue  3-year summary. Arkansas Agri. Exper. Sta. Research Series 584:10-12. Caldwell, J., K. Coffey, D. Kreider1, D. Philipp, D. Hubbell, III, J. Tucker, A. Young, M. Looper, M. Popp, M. Savin, J. Jennings, and C. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2010. Post-weaning performance by spring and fall-born calves weaned from full access, limited access, or no access to wild-type endophyte-infected tall fescue pastures  2 year summary. Arkansas Agri. Exper. Sta. Research Series 584:12-15. Philipp, D. B. Briggs, K. Coffey, John Jennings, and R. Rhein. 2010. Clovers in response to broadcast vs. no-till drill planting  second year results. Arkansas Agri. Exper. Sta. Research Series 584:86-88. Troxel, T. R., J. A. Jennings, M. S. Gadberry, B. L. Barham, K. Simon, J. Powell, D. S. Hubbell, III and J. D. Tucker. 2010. 300 day grazing demonstration - Year 2. Arkansas Animal Science Department Report. Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Research Series. Troxel, T. R., J. A. Jennings, M. S. Gadberry, B. L. Barham, K. Simon, J. Powell and D. S. Hubbell, III. 2009. 300 day grazing demonstration. Arkansas Animal Science Department Report. Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Research Series 574. E. Vanzant. 2010. 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