Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

1. The 2010 business meeting of the NE 1028 Mastitis Research Workers group was called to order by chairman Greg Keefe. 2. The printed agenda for the meeting was distributed to the attending members; a motion for approval was seconded and the agenda was approved by unanimous vote. 3. The printed minutes from 2009 were also distributed to the attending members; a motion for approval was seconded and the 2009 minutes were approved by unanimous vote. 4. Introduction of new members: Chair Greg Keefe welcomed Cameron Faustman, our new administrative advisor from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA). The attendance list was circulated, and Past-Chairman Isis Mullarky read the list of current members. 5. Members present: members signing the circulated list: a. Sheila Andrew  University of Connecticut Sheila.andrew@uconn.edu b. Ruth Zadoks  University of Edinburgh ruth.zadoks@moredun.ac.uk c. John Middleton- University of Missouri middletonjr@missouri.edu d. Cameron Faustman- University of Connecticut cameron.faustman@uconn.edu e. Ynte Schukken -Cornell University yschukken@cornell.edu f. Bill Owens- Louisiana State University wowens@agctr.lsu.edu g. Isis Mullarky- Virginia Tech Mullarky@vt.edu h. David Wilson, Utah State david.wilson@usu.edu i. Sandra Godden- University of Minnesota godde002@umn.edu j. John Barlow- University of Vermont john.barlow@uvm.edu k. Raul Almeida- the University of Tennessee ralmeida@utk.edu l. Pedram Rezamand- University of Idaho rezamand@uidaho.edu m. David Kerr- University of Vermont david.kerr@uvm.edu n. Herman Barkema - University of Calgary barkema@ucalgary.ca o. Larry Fox- Washington State University fox@wsu.edu p. Daniel Scholl- University of Montreal Daniel.scholl@umontreal.ca q. Greg Keefe- University of PEI gkeefe@upei.ca r. Christina Petersson-Wolfe- Virginia Polytechnic and State University cspw@vt.edu s. Anne Lichtenwalner- University of Maine alicht@umext.maine.edu 6. Comments by Cameron Faustman, NIFA advisor: Dr. Faustman has been asked to continue Ian Harts activities since Ian retired. Dr. Faustman acknowledged the productivity of the group. Our group is due for a midterm review, which he will complete, prior to deciding on a recommendation for renewal. He will need an official commitment regarding our intent to continue as a collaborative group for funded research. In order to do so, we will need to complete a Request to Write a Proposal; he circulated a printed copy of the review and the request forms. The national gathering of Experiment Station directors (NERA) is in March 2011; he would like to have his recommendation in prior to that meeting. He suggests an aggressive timeline; optimally, our new proposal should be ready for evaluation in order to have funding in place by October 2012. He would like assistance in preparing our progress report; he has a copy of our agenda, etc, and can verbally attest to our productivity, but needs a written summary. Greg Keefe offered our executive board to assist, and John Middleton mentioned that our Appendix I is on the website; if needed, he offered to email it to Dr. Faustman. Christina Petersson-Wolfe noted that our annual report can be used to provide information, and reminded members to complete their forms. She will resend the forms. Sheila Andrews noted that the MASCAP grant will assist as well. Dr. Faustman mentioned that the national meeting of experiment station directors reports that AFRI resources will be cut for FY 2012, and there should be an RFP release in November. There will continue to be an emphasis on integrated projects that involve training students in multiple skills, such as both research and teaching. 7. CSREES advisor comments: Dr. Sherman may still be advisor of record; Dr. Cameron will find out. 8. Report on MRW meeting last year in Chicago; 37 attendees reported; 16 institutions represented at the business meeting. This year there are 42 attendees (agenda appended). 9. Multistate projects: Project reports need to be in by next week; our report needs to be finalized by 30 days following the meeting. Individual reports need to be sent to Christina for compilation. A concise report is required from each participants. Greg requested any additional info on reports; none was offered. 10. Collaborative research projects: Greg thanked Ynte for the effort in leading our recent MASCAP grant application. Ynte acknowledged the many emails, phone calls, and even an in person meeting that went into the effort. He thanked all for the support and collaboration, and the enormous team effort. Overall, he thought the least strength was in Extension/education; our plans to work with E-extension had to be changed at the last minute. We expect formal feedback in early December; Ynte will disseminate feedback and will set up a conference call with the reviewers. Ynte suggested that persistence is required for success, and we will learn from the critique. The group formally thanked Ynte for his efforts, and hopes that some of the proposal can be recycled. 11. Election of new members to the NE 1028 group: new members from Vermont and Tennessee are welcomed; their institutions are already members, so a vote does not have to occur. Acceptance of Pedram Rezamand *(Univ of Idaho) as a new member was proposed, seconded, and unanimously approved. 12. Election of new officials: John Barlow was nominated for Secretary by Christina and seconded by Larry, but declined. David Kerr was then nominated as incoming secretary; the nomination was seconded and accepted by David, all were in favor. The new officials will be involved in the rewrite of our NE 1028 proposal. 13. The timing of the next meeting was discussed. Siting the meeting in Chicago was voted upon during the general session today; the dates being considered are the first and second weeks of November 2011. Bill Owens will check on availability of the hotel used during 2009, following a similar format to the 2010 meeting. 14. The meeting was adjourned after a motion and second. The ersatz gavel was handed over to Christina.

COMPLETED RESEARCH Objective 1: Characterization of host mechanisms associated with mastitis susceptibility and resistance. CORNELL We performed a number of E. coli intramammary challenge studies in late gestation dairy cows. Bacterial growth and the host immune response were evaluated. The cows immune response in late gestation appears to be Th2 biased. IDAHO Environment, Nutrition, and Management Related Host Factors Associated with IMI. We are investigating the effect of retinol-binding protein (RBP) status (as regulated by dietary retinol and/or protein) on IMI in periparturient Holstein cows. We have demonstrated a strong positive correlation between mRNA expression of TNF-alpha and that of RBP in the liver and adipose tissues. GEORGIA Immune response of dairy heifers and dairy goats to vaccination against Staphylococcus aureus is being evaluated at 1 state university cow herd and 1 commercial goat herd in Georgia. Results to date indicate that vaccination reduces new staphylococcal infections, somatic cell counts, and culling rates. The daily feeding of a general immunostimulant to dairy heifers resulted in increased serum L-selectin and interleukin-8 levels, which may enhance immunity in heifers vaccinated against S. aureus mastitis. ILLINOIS We are determining the expression patterns of micro RNA (miRNA) in mammary tissue from cows receiving an intramammary challenge with S. uberis. Gene targets of differentially-expressed miRNA will be examined through bioinformatics approaches. These data will be integrated with mammary transcript profiles from the same tissue samples. We will use a biologically-oriented data mining approach developed in-house in an effort to better capture the functional adaptations of mammary tissue to S. uberis infection. KANSAS Recent results demonstrate that cholera toxin, and by logical extension, E. coli heat labile toxin, up-regulates sodium absorption by mammary epithelial cells. Previous work showed that reduced milk sodium levels are associated with enhanced epithelial barrier function. MAINE A primary goal of this study is to establish a distal teat environment that will function to exclude pathogenic bacterial colonization using probiotics delivered locally, as a teat dip. A secondary goal of this study is to study the response of selected factors in the innate immune system to this microbial flora augmentation. Modulation of innate immune system component expression in the presence of "normal" flora may provide a non-pharmacologic means of preventing mastitis in cattle. MICHIGAN We have continued investigations of core-antigen Gram-negative bacterins (J5 Escherichia coli) including the impact of immune suppression on animal response to immunization. The role of oxidative stress on mammary gland inflammatory responses to mastitis-causing pathogens was investigated. These studies identified for the first time key enzymatic pathways that could be targeted for therapeutic intervention. MINNESOTA This is a prospective observational study designed to describe the prevalence, genotypic diversity, antimicrobial resistance patterns of MRSA on MN dairy farms, and, if possible, to identify factors associated with the presence of MRSA on MN dairies. Field work is completed but laboratory work will be ongoing into 2011. Preliminary findings suggest that MRSA is present on a small proportion (est. 16%) of MN dairy farms. MISSOURI We completed a study evaluating the impact of subclinical hypocalcemia at calving on post-partum health parameters including clinical and subclinical mastitis. Work on staphylococcal and streptococcal intramammary infection in dairy heifers continues and is nearing completion. MOREDUN (Edinburgh) New York/Edinburgh: Study completed on impact of dry cow secretum (DCS) and non-immune bovine serum (NIBS) on survival of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates originating from milk, feces and the farm environment. Significant impact of DCS and NIBS on survival demonstrated. Manuscript in preparation. Virginia Tech/Edinburgh: Study completed on phagocytosis and killing of epidemiologically well-defined Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates associated with single or multiple cases of bovine mastitis. Manuscript in preparation. TENNESSEE Dairy cows with CXCR1 +777 heterozygous background are more resistant to S. uberis experimental challenge. This may be partly explained by differential activation of actin polymerization and directionality in migrating neutrophils. UTAH Completed and began presenting results of study of risk of mycoplasma transmission from contaminated bedding sand to naive calves. Included assessment of immune response of calves vs. M. bovis. VIRGINIA We have completed our studies of the interactions between bovine mammary epithelial cells (MEC) and neutrophils (PMN) during infection with Staphylococcus aureus. Our data indicate a significant role for activated protein C (APC) in the response of PMN to intracellularly infected MEC. Production of thrombomodulin during infection results in increased amounts of APC and decrease in PMN chemotaxis to sites of infection. These findings were presented at the 2010 MRW conference and are currently being summarized for publication. We have begun to elucidate the role of bovine monocytes in regulation of early immune responses to S. aureus mastitis. Our findings suggest that bovine monocytes differentiate into dendritic cells following stimulation by S. aureus. These dendritic cells secrete a milieu of cytokines that regulate the cellular immune response in the mammary gland and may be pivotal in establishment or clearance of infection. Furthermore, the presentation of S. aureus antigens by dendritic cells is crucial to development of immune memory and protection from future infections. WASHINGTON Classical and newly described staphylococcal superantigen (SAg) genes in CNS isolates from bovine intramammary infections (IMI) was investigated. CNS (n=263) representing 11 different species were examined, 31.2% (n = 82) of CNS isolates had one or more SAg genes with 21 different SAg gene combinations. The most prevalent combination of SAg genes (seb, seln, and selq; n = 45) was found in S. chromogenes, S. xylosus, S. haemolyticus, S. sciuri subsp. carnaticus, S. simulans and S. succinus. Genes for SAgs are widely distributed amongst CNS isolated from IMI. Objective 2: Characterization and manipulation of virulence factors of mastitis pathogens for enhancing host defenses. CORNELL Virulence factors of Klebsiella isolates were compared between mastitis isolates and environmental isolates. Important differences were observed between these two groups of isolated, particularly with regard to iron acquisition mechanisms and growth in dry cow secretum. GEORGIA Assessment of >100 non-hemolytic staphylococcal isolates from heifers and cows in 3 herds, presumptively identified as coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) on blood agar demonstrated that ~25% were actually S. aureus based on coagulase production and fermentation of mannitol on mannitol salt agar. Thus, a significant proportion of S. aureus infections may be misdiagnosed as CNS, and additional testing should be performed to correctly identify such staphylococcal isolates. Characteristics common to such isolates included a somatic cell count >1 x 106/ml; off-white to gray colonies; an indistinct, narrow zone of clear hemolysis; raised center in colony; and greening/browning of the agar. IOWA Milk samples that resulted in "No Growth" utilizing traditional culture techniques are being tested utilizing PCR amplification 16 S rRNA genes and sequencing the hypervariable V2-V3 region to identify and quantify all bacterial species in the samples. Phase 2 of this work will concentrate on non-bacterial agents that may be present in mastitis samples. Metagenomics outcomes from clinical mastitis samples that result in "No Growth" will be compared to results from normal milk. LOUISIANA A study comparing antimicrobial susceptibility of mastitis pathogens to those from humans and from the environment has been completed. Results indicate that bacterial isolates from bovine mastitis and the environment are similar in resistance incidence and are both less resistant to commonly used antibiotics than human isolates. MISSOURI We completed 2 studies (1 in collaboration with the Canadian Bovine Mastitis Research Network) evaluating the association between coagulase negative staphylococcal (CNS) species, milk somatic cell count (SCC), and duration of intramammary infection (IMI) and demonstrated statistically significant differences in SCC and duration of infection for some CNS species. MONTREAL Staphylococcus aureus intramammary infection with no clinical signs, versus moderate to severe clinical mastitis was shown to be potentially associated with decreased in vitro expression of the hld gene and increased production of biofilm. MOREDUN (Edinburgh) New York/Edinburgh: Analysis of siderophore profiles of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates originating from milk, feces and the farm environment completed and significant differences between origins demonstrated. Manuscript in preparation. Virginia Tech/Edinburgh: Study completed on biofilm formation and adherence and invasion of MAC-T cells by epidemiologically well-defined Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates associated with single or multiple cases of bovine mastitis. Manuscript in preparation. OHIO Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli was compared between isolates from quarter milk samples submitted to a diagnostic lab in 1985-87 and those submitted in 2009. The frequency of isolates susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, and kanamycin was lower in isolates from 1985-87 than in isolates from 2009. Susceptibility did not differ between isolates from 1985-87 and isolates from 2009 for the twelve other antimicrobials tested. TENNESSEE Deletion of the sua gene in S. uberis interfered with adhesion and internalization into mammary epithelial cells. The recombinant protein of this gene, rSUAM, was capable of increasing antibody titers in cows with the ability to prevent S. uberis adhesion and internalization into mammary epithelial cells. The stress hormone norepinephrine increased growth of mastitis-causing E. coli during the first 4-6 hrs of growth. WISCONSIN Temporal association between exposure to intramammary antimicrobial therapy and antimicrobial resistance of Gram-positive mastitis pathogens. In this work we are continuing to identify relationships between exposure to antimicrobials and the development of both phenotypic and genotypic resistance. To date, our research indicates that very few mastitis compounds seem to induce or select for resistant bacteria, however we have identified several patterns of multidrug resistance. Objective 3. Assessment and application of new technologies that advance mastitis control, milk quality and dairy food safety. CONNECTICUT The sensitivity of the antibiotic residue screening test (Delvotest® )for detection of natural antimicrobials was investigated in milk across a wide range of milk fat and protein percentages and somatic cell counts. The antibiotic screening test detected the natural antimicrobial compounds below the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) for all 7 compounds tested. The results suggest that indicate that, if these compounds are developed and approved for use in intramammary therapy, a current antibiotic residue screening test will be useful in determining residues from these treatments. CORNELL We evaluated the presence of Listeria monocytogenes biofilms in milking equipment of dairy farms. Listeria monocytogenes biofilms were observed using electron microscopy. Adhesion ability of Listeria monocytogenes isolates was evaluated. Isolates with a high in-vitro adhesion ability were more likely observed in in-vivo biofilms. GEORGIA Evaluation of 2 novel antimicrobial intramammary infusion products against subclinical mastitis caused by staphylococci and streptococci is being conducted at the UGA dairy. The active proprietary ingredients of both products are generally regarded as safe for human consumption (GRAS), and may be marketed with no withdrawal period as long as milk from treated quarters is visibly normal. In vitro testing demonstrated that the products have minimal effect in inhibiting growth of common mastitis pathogens, and in vivo testing has shown that quarters treated with either product do not respond to intramammary infusion. IOWA 22 lactating cows teat dip trials ( most 8 weeks each; 48 cows each) were conducted utilizing a half udder design ( left- control commercial product; right teats experimental compounds and products) with teat end and skin condition and health scored biweekly. Dips evaluated were new winter dips (7), new barrier dips(9), new hydrogen peroxide dips (4) and lactic acid dips(2). 13 new products showed similar excellent teat health compared to controls while 9 showed statistically poorer condition (skin and end flaking, chapping). Histological evaluation of certain dips exhibiting skin exfoliation showed normal skin being exfoliated prematurely rather that exfoliation of dead skin tissue. Additionally, a trial was initiated using 8 cows to evaluate withdrawl times and residue data when cows are milked and treated 3X (vs label protocol). KANSAS Development of an in vitro cell culture model of the blood-milk barrier to study the role of the mammary epithelium in the active excretion of xenobiotics (drugs and toxins) into milk continues. Recent results have demonstrated that BME-UV cell monolayers express members of the ABC binding cassette (P-glycoprotein and BCRP) and solute carrying (OAT 3 and OCT1) transporter superfamilies. These are transporters known to contribute to the kinetics of xenobiotics in the mammary gland and milk in vivo. LOUISIANA The evaluation of the nisin therapeutic has been completed and the company is moving forward with product development. (Many members of NE 1028 involved in this project) MAINE A nested PCR was developed to screen bulk tank filters for Prototheca, a colorless algae capable of causing bovine mastitis. This test will be validated in our lab, and used to screen Maine dairies for this pathogen. MICHIGAN Lipid mobilization during the transition period was identified as an important underlying cause of increased inflammatory responses to mastitis-causing pathogens. Preliminary studies showed that changing the composition of plasma fatty acids and leukocyte phospholipid content and alter the severity and duration of inflammation associated with coliform mastitis. MINNESOTA Use of an On-Farm Culture System for the Strategic Treatment of Clinical and Subclinical Intramammary Infections: The project goal was to validate the efficacy, and to quantify the cost-benefit, of incorporating on-farm culture systems into both clinical and subclinical mastitis monitoring and treatment programs. Preliminary results indicate that when using on-farm culture to guide treatment decisions for mild and moderate clinical mastitis, as compared to blanket antibiotic treatment, there was a significant reduction in antibiotic use, a reduction in the use of extended or secondary treatments, and a tendency for a reduction in days out of tank. There was no difference in days to clinical cure, risk for bacteriological cure or recurrence of clinical mastitis, future somatic cell count, milk production, or culling or death. Note: this was a multisite study that included collaborators from 3 stations including the U of MN (Godden, Bey), U of Wisconsin-Madison (Ruegg) and U of Guelph (Leslie). MISSOURI We are continuing to evaluate internal teat sealants during the dry period. To date we have developed radiographic methods for documenting the presence of sealants within the teat cistern during the early dry period. Field evaluations of Orbeseal in Missouri grazing cattle have been completed. MONTREAL An invited systematic review of the literature on reducing herd-level somatic cell count, showed that overall evidence supporting nutritional interventions is lacking overall. Many practices expected to reduce the risk of intramammary infection lack evidence of association with reduced herd level SCC. The exceptions are PMTD, annual equipment performance evaluation, free-stall housing with sand bedding, complete dry cow intramammary antibiotic administration. Extended therapy ceftiofur increases bacterial cure of clinical S. aureus IMI. Reduction of the herd prevalence of S. aureus IMI by five percentage points reduces the risk of new quarter IMI by about 30%. MOREDUN (Edinburgh) New York/Edinburgh: On-farm Klebsiella transmission cycles studied and alleyways identified as important but neglected critical control point for mastitis prevention. Rumen sampling demonstrated common occurrence of Klebsiella spp. in bovine gastrointestinal tract. In press. OHIO Mastitis populations in recycled manure solids used as bedding in freestalls for lactating cow were compared between high and low density stocking rate based on alley surface area per cow. Coliform counts in bedding increased in high density stocking compared with low density stocking. Klebsiella species and streptococcal counts in bedding did not differ between stocking rates. UTAH Completed and published results of study of mycoplasma survival over time, in different environmental conditions, and with disinfectants applied, in bedding sand that was associated with mycoplasma outbreaks. VIRGINIA We collected data to evaluate the use of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) during E. coli mastitis. Preliminary data suggest feed intake for animals that received an NSAID was similar to the negative control cows, and significantly greater than for those animals that did not receive an NSAID for the first 24 hr post-challenge. Further analysis will be conducted on data related to animal activity. Furthermore, data has been collected to evaluate the use of milk lactose concentration as an indicator of mastitis during both experimental challenge and also naturally occurring cases. These data have been collected and analysis is currently underway. WASHINGTON All of the M. bovis isolates tested (n=231) had zones of growth inhibition of > 5 mm around the digitonin disc and all Acholeplasma sp. tested were resistant to the digitonin, indicating that the digitonin disc assay was effective in distinguishing between Acholeplasma sp. and M. bovis. The nisin disc diffusion assay was equally as effective in distinguishing between these two genera as all Mycoplasma sp. grew up to the nisin disc while growth of Acholeplasma sp. were inhibited. Thus placement of these discs can be used to directly discriminate between milk samples with Acholeplasma sp. vs Mycoplasma sp. WISCONSIN Impact of Organic Management on Dairy Animal Health & Well-being. We are completing field work collecting animal health data on 200 organic and 100 conventional dairy farms. We expect to identify methods to enhance mastitis control on farms of both management systems. WORK IN PROGRESS OBJECTIVE 1: Characterization of host mechanisms associated with mastitis susceptibility and resistance. CORNELL We will continue to perform E. coli intramammary challenge studies in late gestation dairy cows. The immune response of the challenged cows will be evaluated. We will compare the immune response in late gestation dairy cows to cows in early lactation. GEORGIA Study of the immune response of dairy cows and goats to vaccination against Staphylococcus aureus will continue. Heifers vaccinated against S. aureus and receiving an oral immunostimulant daily will be challenged with S. aureus to determine if they are more resistant to challenge compared with unvaccinated control heifers receiving the oral immunostimulant. IDAHO With regards to Objective #1, I plan to conduct the following study entitled  Interaction among energy status, retinol-binding protein status and intra-mammary infection in periparturient dairy cows. We anticipate that this will take ~ 3 yr to complete. We are testing the effect of pro-inflammatory mediators on hepatic tissues mRNA expression of retinol-binding protein. KANSAS Work is ongoing to determine the subcellular signaling mechanism(s) that account for the cholera toxin-induced changes in milk production or composition. LOUISIANA The Mycoplasma mastitis surveillance program in Louisiana will continue, with quarterly testing of bulk milk samples from dairies around the state. MINNESOTA Complete data analysis and manuscript preparation/submission for the study: Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in bulk tank milk of Minnesota dairy herds. MISSOURI In the coming year we will be evaluating a novel therapeutic regime for chronic Staphylococcus aureus IMI (Objective 1 & 3). Our heifer mastitis project evaluating risk of IMI post-calving will be completed (Objectives 1 & 2). MOREDUN (Edinburgh) Publication of results on impact of DCS and NIMBS on growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Publication of results for phagocytosis and killing assays for Klebsiella pneumoniae. OHIO Determine effects of acidosis on LPS intramammary challenge in lactating cows. Determine fecal Escherichia coli shedding rates in acidotic cows. TENNESSEE Characterize humoral and cellular immune responses induced by vaccination of dairy cows with rSUAM. 2) Determine role of rSUAM antibody isotypes on adherence and internalization of S. uberis into mammary epithelial cell and phagocytosis by mammary macrophages 3) Identify mechanisms that lead to greater resistance by cows with specific CXCR1 genetic backgrounds UTAH Continue testing of tissues from wild elk for Mycoplasma spp. and other potential pathogens of dairy cattle using molecular diagnostic methods. Elk populations from dairy cow-dense areas and dairy cow-sparse areas will be compared. WASHINGTON It is hypothesized that immunosuppression is more likely to lead to nasal colonization and shedding of Mycoplasma bovis in neonatal calves. Immunosuppression will be induced in calves by administering of a single pharmacological dose of dexamethasone. Ten calves will be split into 2 equal groups. Five (TX), 1-week-old, bull calves will be injected intramuscularly with (0.4mg/kg) dexamethasone and 5 (CX) will receive a sham injection. All ten calves will be orally inoculated by feeding milk with 108 CFU of a mixture of two wild strains of M. bovis previously isolated from pneumonic animals by University of Idaho investigators. All calves will be examined daily for signs of clinical disease and nasal swabbing solutions will be collected three times a week for detection and enumeration of the shedding wild strains M.bovis. After 4 weeks all calves will be necropsied and samples from the lung will taken for histopathological testing and detection of the wild strain of M.bovis.. We expect to see an increase in colonization and shedding of M. bovis in Dexamethasone injected calves in addition to an increase in morbidity. OBJECTIVE 2: Characterization and manipulation of virulence factors of mastitis pathogens for enhancing host defense. CORNELL Klebsiella isolates from multiple sources will be sequenced. Sequences will be compared and differences in pathogenecity between mastitis isolates and isolates from environmental sources will be evaluated using these genomic data. GEORGIA Assessment of S. aureus isolates misdiagnosed as coagulase-negative staphylococci will continue with emphasis on identifying specific characteristics that allow correct presumptive identification of such isolates based on specificity and sensitivity values. IOWA Complete metagenomics work and classifications on no growth clinical mastitis samples. LOUISIANA Determination of resistance of mastitis pathogens and comparison of these to results from human, environmental and poultry isolates will continue. MISSOURI We will be doing further evaluation of the potential differences in virulence between species of coagulase negative staphylococci use whole genome sequencing of selected strains (Objective 2). Our heifer mastitis project evaluating risk of IMI post-calving will be completed (Objectives 1 & 2). MONTREAL Association of expression of the hld gene, production of biofilm, presence/absence of a panel of staphylococcal enterotoxin genes with S. aureus persistence in the mammary gland will be confirmed by longitudinal study and experimental infection. Furthermore, the role of biofilm production in the intramammary infection dynamics coagulase negative staphylococci will be described. MOREDUN (Edinburgh) Publication of siderophore profiles of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Publication of results for biofilm formation and MAC-T cell invasion of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Further characterization of virulence gene profiles of animal and human Klebsiella pneumoniae from body fluids and the GI tract. TENNESSEE Evaluate efficacy of vaccinating dairy cows with rSUAM in protection of the udder from S. uberis experimental infection at calving WISCONSIN Minimum Inhibitory concentrations of cephalosporin compounds. In this study we are examining the MIC values of various cephalosporin compounds for several mastitis pathogens with the hope of improving treatment options. We are also completing laboratory work that will characterize genotypic and phenotypic patterns of resistance for a large number of mastitis pathogens collected from a cross section of large Wisconsin dairy farms. We hope to identify methods to improve mastitis treatments. OBJECTIVE 3: Assessment and application of new technologies that advance mastitis control, milk quality and dairy food safety. CORNELL Risk assessment of consumption of raw milk potentially contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes will be performed. We will create a risk assessment model and compare the risk of disease in consumer drinking raw milk compared to those drinking pasteurized milk. GEORGIA Evaluation of novel, GRAS antimicrobial intramammary infusion products against mastitis will continue, with emphasis on identifying a formulation with no withdrawal period. A Direct Cell Counter (DCC) will be evaluated to determine its ability to correctly to enumerate somatic cells in goat milk in fresh versus frozen samples. IOWA 1) Continue to evaluate teat condition and health associated with new prototype lactating dips and compounds through our intense observational half udder design model, including histological evaluation of all tissue abnormalities. 2) Complete project regarding withdrawl times and residue data associated with treatments on 3X milking. 3) Continue to evaluate new compounds and dips for dry period mastitis prevention in dry cows and springing heifers. 4) Initiate and complete commercial farm comparative dry cow therapy study (joint with MN, CA, and WI) KANSAS 1. Compare xenobiotic transporter expression in BME-UV cultured with and without hormones. 2. Compare xenobiotic transporter expression in BME-UV and native tissues. 3. Determine the role of ABC efflux pumps (P-glycoprotein and BCRP) in the active excretion of compounds of public health concern in milk. MAINE 1. We will apply the prototheca nested PCR technique to a survey sample of Maine dairies, and develop a strategy for testing environmental and milk samples for this pathogen. 2. We will followup on an outbreak investigation of P. zopfii on Maine dairies, evaluating method of spread. 3. We will evaluate pasteurization resistance studies using our Maine prototheca isolates. MINNESOTA Complete manuscript submission for the study: Use of an On-Farm Culture System for the Strategic Treatment of Clinical and Subclinical Intramammary Infections MISSOURI In the coming year we will be evaluating a novel therapeutic regime for chronic Staphylococcus aureus IMI (Objective 1 & 3). We will be conducting a milker hand hygiene study (Objective 3). MOREDUN (Edinburgh) Whole genome sequence analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae from animals and dairy farms in collaboration with Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, UK WASHINGTON A study is proposed to develop 3 novel real-time PCR assays detecting the 3 most common mycoplasma mastitis agents: M. bovis, M. californicum and M. bovigenitalium. To validate these newly developed real-time PCR assays, the conventional PCR described by Tang et al. (2000) will be performed with the same samples and results compared using 16S rRNA gene partial sequencing as a gold standard to speciate the Mycoplasma. WISCONSIN An integrated approach to improving dairy cow fertility. In this project we are identifying relationships between reproductive performance and the occurrence of mastitis caused by specific pathogens. We hope to identify mechanisms to improve both reproductive performance and milk quality. Impact Of Organic Management On Dairy Animal Health & Well-Being. In this project we will be identify best management practices that can be used to improve milk quality on organic and small conventional dairy farms.

PEER-REVIEWED LITERATURE CONNECTICUT Baskaran, S. A., G. W. Kazmer, L. Hinckley, S. M. Andrew, and K. Venkitanarayanan. 2009. Antibacterial effect of plant-derived antimicrobials on major bacterial mastitis pathogens in vitro. J. Dairy Sci. 92: 1423-1429. CORNELL Schukken YH, Bar D, Hertl J, Gröhn YT. 2010. Correlated time to event data: Modeling repeated clinical mastitis data from dairy cattle in New York State. Prev Vet Med. Oct 27. Latorre AA, Van Kessel JS, Karns JS, Zurakowski MJ, Pradhan AK, Boor KJ, Jayarao BM, Houser BA, Daugherty CS, Schukken YH. 2010. Biofilm in milking equipment on a dairy farm as a potential source of bulk tank milk contamination with Listeria monocytogenes. J Dairy Sci. Jun:93(6):2792-802. Hertl JA, Gröhn YT, Leach JD, Bar D, Bennett GJ, González RN, Rauch BJ, Welcome FL, Tauer LW, Schukken YH. 2010. Effects of clinical mastitis caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and other organisms on the probability of conception in New York State Holstein dairy cows.J. Dairy Sci. Apr:93(4):1551-60. R. N. Zadoks, H. M. Griffiths, M. A. Munoz, C. Ahlstrom, G. J. Bennett, T. Everett, Y. H. Schukken. 2010. Sources of Klebsiella and Raoultella species on dairy farms: be careful where you walk. Journal of Dairy Science MS-10-3603. In Press. White LJ, Schukken YH, Dogan B, Green L, Döpfer D, Chappell MJ, Medley GF. 2010. Modelling the dynamics of intramammary E. coli infections in dairy cows: understanding mechanisms that distinguish transient from persistent infections. Vet Res. Mar-Apr:41(2):13. KANSAS Al-Bataineh MM, van der Merwe D, Schultz BD, and Gehring R. Tumor necrosis factor alpha increases P-glycoprotein expression in a BME-UV in vitro model of mammary epithelial cells. Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition 31: 506-515, 2010. MOREDUN (Edinburgh) van den Borne BH, Nielen M, van Schaik G, Melchior MB, Lam TJ, Zadoks RN. 2010. Host adaptation of bovine Staphylococcus aureus seems associated with bacteriological cure after lactational antimicrobial treatment. J Dairy Sci. Jun:93(6):2550-8. MICHIGAN Erskine RJ, Brockett AR, Beeching ND, Hull RW, Bartlett PC. Effect of changes in number of doses and anatomic location for administration of an Escherichia coli bacterin on serum IgG1 and IgG2 concentrations in dairy cows. Am J Vet Res. 71:120-124,2010. Contreras, G.A., N.J. OBoyle, T.H. Herdt, and L.M. Sordillo. 2010. Lipid mobilization in periparturient dairy cows influences the composition of plasma nonesterified fatty acids and leukocyte phospholipid fatty acids. J. Dairy Sci. 93:2508-2516 Corl, C.M., G.A. Contreras, and L.M. Sordillo. 2010. Lipoxygenase metabolites modulate vascular-derived platelet activating factor production following endotoxin challenge. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 136:98-107. Corl, C.M., H.R. Robinson, G.A. Contreras, S.J. Holcombe, V.L. Cook, and L.M. Sordillo. 2010. Ethyl puruvate diminishes the endotoxin-induced inflammatory response of bovine mammary endothelial cells. J. Dairy Sci. 93:5188-5199. Sordillo, L.M. and I.K. Mullarky. 2010. Cutting edge technologies in animalomics. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. In press. DOI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.10.010 MINNESOTA Lago, A., S.M. Godden, R. Bey, P.L. Ruegg, K. Leslie. The selective treatment of clinical mastitis based on on-farm culture results I: Effects on antibiotic use, milk withholding time and short-term clinical and bacteriological outcomes. Submitted to J. Dairy Sci. Nov., 2010. Lago, A., S.M. Godden, R. Bey, P.L. Ruegg, K. Leslie. The selective treatment of clinical mastitis based on on-farm culture results II: Effects on lactation performance including, clinical mastitis recurrence, somatic cell count, milk production and cow survival. Submitted to J. Dairy Sci. Nov., 2010. MISSOURI Cohn LA, Middleton JR. 2010. A veterinary perspective on methicillin-resistant staphylococci. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 20(1):31-45. MONTREAL Dufour, S., Fréchette, A., Barkema, H.W., Mussell, A., and Scholl, D.T. Impact of udder health management practices on herd somatic cell count. J Dairy Sci. Accepted Olde Riekerink, R.G.M., Barkema, H.W., Scholl, D.T., Poole, D.E. and Kelton, D. F. Management practices associated with the bulk milk prevalence of contagious mastitis pathogens in Canadian dairy farms. Prev Vet Med 2010; 97: 20-28. Paradis, M.-È., Bouchard, É., Scholl, D.T., Miglior, F., Roy, J.-P. Impact of Non-clinical Staphylococcus aureus or Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Intramammary Infection during the First Month of Lactation on SCC, Milk Yield and Culling Risk in Heifers in a Mastitis Monitoring Program. J Dairy Sci. 2010; 93:2989-2997. Dufour, S. Barkema, H.W., DesCôteaux, L. DeVries, T.J., Dohoo, I.R., Reyher, K., Roy, J.-P., and Scholl, D.T. Development and validation of a bilingual questionnaire for measuring udder health related management practices on dairy farms. Prev Vet Med.2010; 95:74-85 DeVries, T. J., Dufour, S. S, and Scholl, D. T. Relationship between feeding strategy, lying behavior patterns, and incidence of intramammary infection in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:1987-97. OHIO Fodor, A., A.M. Fodor, S. Frost, J.S. Hogan, M.G. Klein, K. Lengyel, G. Saringer, E. Stackebrandt, R.A.J. Taylor, and E. Lehoczky. 2010. Comparative analysis of antibacterial activities of Xenorhabdus species on related and non-related bacteria in vivo. J. Microbiol, Antimicrobiol. 2: 36 - 46. TENNESSEE Almeida, R. A., J. R. Dunlap, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Binding of host factors influences intracellular trafficking of Streptococcus uberis in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Veterinary Medicine International Vol. 2010, Article ID 319192, 8 pages, 2010. doi:10.4061/2010/319192. Roberson, Jerry, Josh Mixon, Stephen Oliver, Barton Rohrbach, and Robert Holland. 2010. Etiologic mastitis agents of high somatic cell count herds in Tennessee. The Bovine Practitioner, 44 (2): 138-145. Chen, Xueyan, Oudessa Kerro Dego, Troy E. Fuller, Raul A. Almeida, Douglas A. Luther, and Stephen P. Oliver. 2010. Deletion of sua gene reduces the ability of Streptococcus uberis to adhere to and internalize into bovine mammary epithelial cells. Vet. Microbiol.http://www.sciencedirect.com/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.07.006. Almeida, R. A., D. A. Luther, D. Patel, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Predicted antigenic regions of Streptococcus uberis adhesion molecule (SUAM) are involved in adherence to and internalization into mammary epithelial cells. Vet. Microbiol. (Accepted). Vet Microbiol. 2010 Oct 20. [Epub ahead of print]. Almeida, R. A., B. Dogin, S. Klaessing, Y. H. Schukken, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Intracellular fate of strains of Escherichia coli isolated from dairy cows with acute or chronic mastitis Vet. Res. Comm. (Accepted). Oliver, S. P., S. E. Murinda, and B. M. Jayarao. 2010. Impact of antibiotic use in adult dairy cows on antimicrobial resistance of veterinary and human pathogens: A comprehensive review. Foodborne Pathogens & Disease (Accepted). Prado, M. E., R. A. Almeida, C. Ozen, D. A. Luther, M. J. Lewis, S. I. Headrick, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Vaccination of dairy cows with recombinant Streptococcus uberis adhesion molecule induces antibodies that block adherence to and internalization of S. uberis into bovine mammary epithelial cells. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (Submitted, In Revision). Yuan, Ying, Douglas A. Luther, Xueyan Chen, Oudessa Kerro Dego, Abadin Eurife, Shangfeng Chang, Lauren Jory, Steven Kovacevic, Andy Allen, Raul A. Almeida, and Stephen P. Oliver. 2010. Detection of Streptococcus uberis Adhesion Molecule (SUAM) and sua in strains of S. uberis isolated from geographically diverse areas. Vet. Microbiol. (Submitted). Kerro Dego, Oudessa, R. A. Almeida, and Stephen P. Oliver. 2010. Presence of ISS1-like insertion sequence in wild type Streptococcus uberis strains isolated from cases of bovine mastitis. Vet. Microbiol. (Submitted). Kerro Dego, O., M. E. Prado, X. Chen, D. A. Luther, R. A. Almeida, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. pGh9:ISS1 transpositional mutations in Streptococcus uberis UT888 causes reduced bacterial adherence to and internalization into bovine mammary epithelial cells. Vet. Microbiol. (Submitted). Pighetti GM, CJ Kojima, M Rambeaud, and L Wojakiewicz. Bovine CXCR1 is highly polymorphic. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. (submitted) Pighetti GM, AM Saxton, and CJ Kojima. Identification of tag SNP in CXCR1 associated with mastitis and reproduction in Holstein dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci (Submitted) Elliott AA, J Dunlap, S Minkin, J Biggerstaff, GM Pighetti. Cows genetically more susceptible to mastitis have altered actin expression by neutrophils. Vet Immunol Immunopathol (submitted) Elliott AA, SP Oliver, and GM Pighetti. Responses of cows with different CXCR1 genotypes to experimental challenge with Streptococcus uberis. Immunogenetics (submitted) UTAH Wilson DJ, Goodell G, Justice-Allen A, Smith ST: Herd-level prevalence of Mycoplasma spp. mastitis and characteristics of infected dairy herds in Utah as determined by a statewide survey. JAVMA 235:6:749-754, 2009. (Published since last NE-1028 report.) Justice-Allen A, Trujillo J, Corbett R, Harding R, Goodell G, Wilson D: Survival and replication of Mycoplasma species in recycled bedding sand and association with mastitis on dairy farms in Utah. J Dy Sci 93:1:192-202, 2010. VIRGINIA Sordillo LM, Mullarky IK. Cutting edge technologies in animalomics. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2010 Dec 15;138(4):239-40. Epub 2010 Oct 14. WASHINGTON Wenz, J.R., L.K. Fox, F.J. Muller, FM. Rinaldi, R. Zeng, and D.D. Bannerman. 2010 Factors associated with concentrations of select cytokine and acute pahse proteins in dairy cows with naturally occurring clinical mastitis. J. Dairy Science 93:1458-2470. Boonyayatra, S., LK. Fox, T.E. Besser, A. Sawant, and J.M. Gay. 2010. Effects of storage methods on the recovery of Mycoplasma species from milk samples. Vet. Micro. 144:210-213. Punyapornwithaya, V., L.K. Fox, J.M. Gay, D.D. Hancock, and J.R. Alldredge. 2010. Association between an outbreak strain causing mycoplasma bovis mastitis and its asymptomatic carriage in the herd: A case study from Idaho, USA. Prev. Vet. Med. 93:66-70. Punyapornwithaya, V., L.K. Fox, J.M. Gay, D.D. Hancock, and J.R. Alldredge. 2009. The effect of centrifugation and resuspension on the recovery of Myscoplasma species from milk. J. Dairy. Sci. 92:4444-4447. Adhikari B., Besser T.E., Gay J.M., Fox L.K., Davis M.A., Cobbold R.N., Berge A.C., Hancock D.D.2009. Introduction of new multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica strains into commercial dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci.92:4229-4238. Adhikari B, Besser T.E., Gay J.M., Fox L.K., Davis M.A., Cobbold R.N., Berge A.C.,McClanahan R, Hancock D.D.2009.The role of animal movement, including off-farm rearing of heifers, in the interherd transmission of multidrug-resistant Salmonell. J. Dairy. Sci. 92:4218-4228. Fox, L.K. 2009. Prevalence, incidence and risk factors of heifer mastitis. Vet. Micro. 134:82-88. Andrew, S.M., K.M. Moyes, A.A. Borm, L.K. Fox, K.E. Leslie, J.S. Hogan, S.P. Oliver, Y.H. Schukken, W.E. Owens, and C. Norman. 2009. Factors associated with the risk of antibiotic residues and intramammary pathogen presence in milk from heifers administered prepartum intramammary antibiotic therapy. Vet. Micro. 134:150-6. Seo, K.S., J.Y. Park, W.C. Davis, L.K. Fox, M.A. McGuire, Y.H. Park, G.A. Bohach. 2009. Superantigen-mediated differentiation of bovine monocytes into dendritic cells. J. Leukoc. Bio. 85:606-16 WISCONSIN Oliveria, L., A. C. O. Rodrigues, C. Hulland and P.L. Ruegg. 2010. Toxin production, toxin genes and genetic diversity of Staphylococcus aureus recovered from cases of bovine subclinical mastitis. Accepted Am J. Vet Res. 22 June, 2010. ABSTRACTS IDAHO Rezamand. P., K. M. Hunt, R. D. Schramm, and M. A. McGuire. 2010. Bovine hepatic and adipose retinol binding protein gene expression. J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 93 (E-Suppl. 1):313 (Abstr.). IOWA Peters, J. and L. Timms. 2010. Evaluation of dripping and drying characteristics, teat coverage persistency, and teat health for two prototype and one commercial dry period persistent barrier teat dips. J. Dairy Sci. 92. E-Suppl. Juarez, J. and L. Timms. 2010. Evaluation of prototype and commercial sodium chlorite (base/activator) pre-post milking teat dips on teat end and teat skin condition and health. J. Dairy Sci. 92. E-Suppl KANSAS Al-Bataineh MM, Schultz BD, van der Merwe D, Malreddy P, and Gehring R. Regulation of P-gp Under Inflammatory Conditions in the BME-UV In Vitro Model. FASEB J 24: 1002.1022 (Abstract), 2010. Wang Q, Wang L-H, and Schultz BD. Cholera Toxin Enhances ENaC-Mediated Sodium Absorption Across Cultured Human Mammary Epithelial Cells. FASEB J 24: 999.992 (Abstract), 2010. LOUISIANA Owens, W. E. and C. H. Ray. Comparison of Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Bovine, Environmental, and Human Sources. Antimicrobial Resistance in Zoonotic Bacteria and Foodborne Pathogens in Animals, Humans and the Environment. American Society for Microbiology Conference, Toronto, Canada June, 2010, B-10. MAINE Lichtenwalner AB and Barker S. The Presence of Pathogenic Prototheca sp. on Dairy Farms in Maine, USA. Mastitis Research Workers conference; Nov. 4-5-2010, Atlanta GA. Barker, S and Lichtenwalner AB. A Nested  PCR RFLP Diagnostic Test for the Presence of Pathogenic Prototheca spp. in Dairy Herds. Mastitis Research Workers conference; Nov. 4-5-2010, Atlanta GA. MICHIGAN Gandy, J.C., S.L. Aitken, and L.M. Sordillo. 2010. Angiogenic gene responses to oxidative stress in bovine mammary vascular tissue. in Proceedings of the 14th International Meeting of Production Diseases in Farm Animals. Gent, Belgium June, 2010. Jackson, K.M., J.C. Gandy, L.M. Sordillo, and E.L. Karcher. 2010. Effect of coliform mastitis on osteopontin expression in mammary tissues of Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 93: E-Suppl. 1, pp 247. Contreras, A. and L.M. Sordillo. 2010. Lipomobilization in Periparturient Dairy Cows Alters Endothelial Inflammatory Response. in Proceedings of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners. Albuquerque, New Mexico, August, 2010. Contreras, G.A., N.J. OBoyle, T. Herdt, and L.M. Sordillo. 2010. Plasma fatty acid profiles influence phospholipid fatty acid composition of peripheral blood mononuclear cell in periparturient dairy cows. in Proceedings of the World Buiatrics Congress, Santiago, Chili. November, 2010 MINNESOTA P. Haran, Godden, S., S. Sreevatsan, J. Bender. Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in bulk tank milk of Minnesota dairy herds. Annu mtg of the Mastitis Research Workers Group. Atlanta, GA. Nov. 3-5, 2010. MISSOURI Chamberlin W, Middleton JR, Spain JN, Johnson GC, Ellersieck MR. 2010. Influence of subclinical hypocalcemia on plasma biochemical parameters and liver histologic change in dairy cows. Phi Zeta Research Day, March 19, 2010, Columbia, MO. Bloch J, Middleton JR, Britt L. 2010. Imaging and efficacy of internal teat sealant compounds. Phi Zeta Research Day, March 19, 2010, Columbia, MO. Ringen DR, Middleton JR, Marshall TS. 2010. Utility of Pre-partum Parameters for Predicting Intramammary Infection at Calving in Heifers on a Grazing Dairy. Phi Zeta Research Day, March 19, 2010, Columbia, MO. Perry J, Middleton JR. 2010. Biofilm production in coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from bovine intramammary infections. Phi Zeta Research Day, March 19, 2010, Columbia, MO. Chamberlin W, Middleton JR, Spain JN, Johnson GC, Ellersieck MR. 2010. Influence of subclinical hypocalcemia on plasma biochemical parameters, lipid mobilization, and liver lipid infiltration in dairy cows. MU Life Sciences Week, April 12-17. M-26. Perry J, Middleton JR, Dufour S, Scholl D, Calloway C, Anderson S, Dohoo I. 2010. Association of Coagulase Negative Staphylococcal Species and Milk Somatic Cell Count of Cows from the Canadian National Cohort of Dairy Farms. MU Life Sciences Week, April 12-17. M-5. Ringen DR, Middleton JR, Marshall TS. 2010. Utility of Pre-partum Parameters for Predicting Intramammary Infection at Calving in Heifers on a Grazing Dairy. MU Life Sciences Week, April 12-17. W-106. Perry J, Middleton JR, Dufour S, Scholl D, Calloway C, Anderson S, Dohoo I. 2010. Association of Coagulase Negative Staphylococcal Species and Milk Somatic Cell Count of Cows from the Canadian National Cohort of Dairy Farms. 5th IDF Mastitis Meeting, Christchurch, NZ. March 21-14, 2010. Page 699. Ringen DR, Middleton JR, Marshall TS. 2010. Utility of Pre-partum Parameters for Predicting Intramammary Infection at Calving in Heifers on a Grazing Dairy. ACVIM Forum, Anaheim, CA. June 9. Chamberlin WG, Middleton JR, Spain JN, Johnson GC, Ellersieck MR. 2010. Influence of subclinical hypocalcemia on plasma biochemical parameters and liver histologic changes in dairy cows. American Dairy Science Association Annual Meeting. Denver, Colorado. Jul 11-15, 2010. Suntrup D, Ringen DR, Perry J, Middleton JR. 2010. Genotypic evaluation of staphylococcal isolates from pre-partum lacteal secretions and post-calving milk of primiparous dairy heifers. Merial Veterinary Research Scholars National Symposium, Atlanta, Georgia. Aug 5-8, 2010. Perry J, Middleton JR, Dufour S, Scholl D, Calloway C, Anderson S, Dohoo I. 2010. Association of coagulase negative staphylococcal species and milk somatic cell count of cows from the Canadian National cohort of dairy farms. 43rd Annual Conference of the AABP. Albuquerque, NM. Aug 19-21, 2010. Middleton JR, Perry J, Scholl D. 2010. Relationship between CNS species and mammary quarter milk somatic cell count on North American dairy farms. Seminar on Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci. Ghent, Belgium Sept 15-16, 2010. Paradis ME, Scholl D, Middleton JR. 2010. Identification of CNS by gas chromatography. Seminar on Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci. Ghent, Belgium Sept 15-16, 2010. MONTREAL Paradis, M._E., Middleton, J., Perry, J., Ramiriez, A.I, and Scholl, D.T. Identification of CNS species by gas chromatography. Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Seminar. University of Ghent. September 15-16, 2010. Ghent. Paradis, M-.E., Bouchard, E., Scholl, D., Miglior, F., and Roy, J.-P. Impact of a Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci or Staphylococcus aureus Intramammary Infection in Heifers. Annual Scientific Meeting, Canadian Bovine Mastitis Research Network. October 26-28, 2009. Montreal, QC. Canada. Scholl, D., Messier, S., Tomita, G., Dohoo, I., Des Côteaux. L., Roy, J.-P., DeVries, T., Barkema, H., Keefe, G., Ngeleka, M., Reyher, K., DuTremblay, D., Dufour, S., Paradis, M.-E. Core Research Platform of the Canadian Bovine Mastitis Research Network. Annual Scientific Meeting, Canadian Bovine Mastitis Research Network. October 26-28, 2009. Montreal, QC. Canada. Scholl, D., Messier, S., Oliver, S.P., and Paradis, M.-E. Validate Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays for Common Intramammary Pathogens. Annual Scientific Meeting, Canadian Bovine Mastitis Research Network. October 26-28, 2009. Montreal, QC. Canada. TENNESSEE Almeida, R. A., M. E. Prado, D. A. Luther, S. I. Headrick, M. J. Lewis, H. Moorehead, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Characterization of the immune response following vaccination of dairy cows with recombinant Streptococcus uberis adhesion molecule (SUAM). p. 48 In: Proc. 3rd Annual Comparative and Experimental Medicine Research Symp., College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Gillespie, B. E., M. L. Maxwell, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Simultaneous detection of mastitis pathogens directly from milk by real-time PCR. p. 47 In: Proc. 3rd Annual Comparative and Experimental Medicine Research Symp., College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Kerro Dego, O., M. E. Prado, R. A. Almeida, X. Chen, D. A. Luther, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. pGhost9:ISS1 transpositional mutations in Streptococcus uberis UT888 causes reduced bacterial adherence to and internalization into bovine mammary epithelial cells. p. 48 In: Proc. 3rd Annual Comparative and Experimental Medicine Research Symp., College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Kerro Dego, O., R. A. Almeida, D. A. Luther, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Gene expression profile of bovine primary mammary epithelial cells infected with Escherichia coli associated with acute or chronic bovine mastitis. p. 20 In: Proc. 3rd Annual Comparative and Experimental Medicine Research Symp., College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. VIRGINIA Bharathan, M., N. Sriranganathan, W. Mwangi, and I. K. Mullarky. 2010 Monocytes: The Precursors of Inflammatory Dendritic Cells in Staphylococcus aureus infection. Proceedings of the 91st Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Disease. Chicago, IL. Manickam M, and I.K. Mullarky. 2010. Detecting differential protein expression between pathogenic and commensal Staphylococcus aureus using SILAC. Proceedings of the 91st Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Disease. Chicago, IL. Ortiz-Marty, and I.K. Mullarky. 2010. Staphylococcus aureus enhanced intracellular survival through coagulation manipulation. Proceedings of the 91st Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Disease. Chicago, IL. WASHINGTON Wenz, J.R. , T. E. Besser, L.K. Fox, and Y. Zhang. Comparison of 16sRNA gene sequence analysis with aerobic milk culture for the identification of potential bacterial etiologies of bovine clinical mastitis. J. Dairy Science 92 (Suppl. 1): 98. Punyapornwithaya, V, L.K. Fox, D.D. Hancock, J.M. Gay, and J.R. Alldredge. 2010. Management factors and time to clearance of mycoplasma mastitis. Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the National Mastitis Council, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Pg. 272-273. Boonyayatra, S., J.M. Gay, T.E. Besser, A. Sawant, Z Ravivi, L.K. Fox. 2010. Detection of Mycoplasma bovis from milk samples by Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction. Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the National Mastitis Council, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Pg. 250-251. Quirk, T. E., L.K. Fox, J.L. Capper, D. D. Hancock, and J.R. Wenz. 2010. Coagulase-negative staphylococci mastitis management. J. Dairy Sci. 93 (Suppl. 1):27. WISCONSIN Rodrigues, A. C. O., J. C. F. Pantoja, C. M. Hulland, P. L. Ruegg. Bulk tank bacteria and selected foodborne pathogens in raw milk of Wisconsin farmstead dairy producers. 2010. Conference Research Workers Animal Disease. Chicago, IL Dec 4-6. Oliveira, L., A. C. O. Rodrigues, C.M. Hulland and P.L. Ruegg. 2010. Use of Incubation and Petrifilm to Enhance Recovery of Staphylococcus aureus from Cases of Subclinical Mastitis. Proc. Natl. Mast. Coun. Albuquerque, NM. Feb 1-3, 2010. J.C. F. Pantoja, M. A. Silva, D. J. Reinemann and P. L. Ruegg. Factors Associated with Coliform Counts in Raw Bulk Milk. Proc. Natl. Mast. Coun. Albuquerque, NM. Feb 1-3, 2010. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS CONNECTICUT Rezamand, P., M. A. McGuire, and S. M. Andrew. 2009. Interaction among energy status, retinol-binding protein and intra-mammary infections in periparturient dairy cows. In: Proceedings of the 44th Annual Pacific Northwest Animal Nutrition Conference. pp. 71-83. GEORGIA Nickerson, S. C. Invited Speaker: Maximizing producer profits through managing mastitis in dairy heifers. in Proceedings of the 2010 Florida Ruminant Nutrition Symposium Pre-Conference Symposium. 11 pp. Gainesville, FL. February 2, 2010. Nickerson, S. C. Importance of dry cow management in the control of mastitis. Animal and Dairy Science Departmental Report. 2010. http://www.ads.uga.edu/ADS2008DepartmentalReports.html Nickerson, S. C. Managing mastitis in dairy heifers maximizes producer profits. Animal and Dairy Science Departmental Report. 2010. http://www.ads.uga.edu/ADS2008DepartmentalReports.html Nickerson, S. C. Development of mastitis. in Current Concepts of Bovine Mastitis. National Mastitis Council, Inc. Madison, WI. 2010. In Press. Nickerson, S. C. Mastitis therapy and control: Management control options. in Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences. Roginski, H., J. W. Fuquay, and P. F. Fox (eds). Academic Press, London. 2010. In Press. Nickerson, S. C. Mammary resistance mechanisms: Anatomical. in Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences. Roginski, H., J.W. Fuquay, and P. F. Fox (eds). Academic Press, London. 2010. In Press. Nickerson, S. C. Mastitis pathogens: Contagious pathogens. in Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences. Roginski, H., J.W. Fuquay, and P. F. Fox (eds). Academic Press, London. 2010. In Press. Nickerson, S. C., and R. M. Akers. Mammary gland anatomy: Anatomy. in Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences. Roginski, H., J.W. Fuquay, and P. F. in Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences. Roginski, H., J.W. Fuquay, and P. F. Fox (eds). Academic Press, London. 2010. In Press. Owens, W. E., and S. C. Nickerson. Mastitis Therapy and Control: (a) Medical Therapy Options. in Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences. Roginski, H., J. W. Fuquay, and P. F. Fox (eds). Academic Press, London. 2010. In Press. Raymond, R., C. W. Bales, D.E. Bauman, D. Clemmons, R. Kleinman, D. Lann, S. C. Nickerson, and K. Sejrsen. Recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbst): a safety assessment. Animal and Dairy Science Departmental Report.2010. http://www.ads.uga.edu/ADS2008DepartmentalReports.html McClary, D. M. and S. C. Nickerson. Relationship between the use of recombinant bovine somatotropin (Posilac®) in dairy cows and the incidence of clinical mastitis. in Dairy Cattle Mastitis and Milking Management. DAIReXNET. June 14, 2010. http://www.extension.org/pages/Dairy_Cattle_Mastitis_and_Milking_Management Nickerson, S. C., L. O. Ely, E. P. Hovingh, and P. W. Widel. Immunizing dairy heifers can reduce prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and reduce herd somatic cell counts. in Dairy Cattle Mastitis and Milking Management. DAIReXNET. June 14, 2010. http://www.extension.org/pages/Dairy_Cattle_Mastitis_and_Milking_Management IDAHO Rezamand, P., M. A. McGuire, and S. M. Andrew. 2009. Interaction among energy status, retinol-binding protein and intra-mammary infections in periparturient dairy cows. In: Proceedings of the 44th Annual Pacific Northwest Animal Nutrition Conference. pp. 71-83. MICHIGAN RJ Erskine Vaccinating for coliform mastitis: Choosing the right insurance policy. Regional Meeting of the National Mastitis Council, Grand Rrapids, MI, September, 2010. Contreras, A., N. OBoyle, and L. Sordillo. 2010. Association Between Fat Mobilization and Disease Susceptibility in Transition Cows. Hoards Dairyman. Vol.155 pp 511. Sordillo, L.M. 2010. Impact of Nutrition on Mammary Immunity and Susceptibility to Mastitis in Transition Cows. in Proceedings of the ARPAS, May 2010. Sordillo, L.M., J.C. Gandy, and C.M. Corl. 2010. Thioredoxin reductase attenuates vascular inflammatory responses during oxidative stress. Proc. Nutrition. Soc. 69:E317. MOREDUN (Edinburgh) MA Munoz, RN Zadoks, RR Quesnell, YH Schukken. 2010. Virulence factors in Klebsiella pneumoniae of Environmental and Mastitis Origin. 5th International Dairy Federation (IDF) Mastitis Conference, March 21-24, Christchurch, New Zealand. AJ Nedrow, RN Zadoks, W Wark, IK Mullarky. 2010. Ability of Klebsiella mastitis isolates to evade host immune defenses.. 5th International Dairy Federation (IDF) Mastitis Conference, March 21-24, Christchurch, New Zealand. MISSOURI Perry J, Middleton JR, Dufour S, Scholl D, Calloway C, Anderson S, Dohoo I. 2010. Association of Coagulase negative staphylococcal species and milk somatic cell count of cows from the Canadian National Cohort of dairy farms. Proc. 49th Annual Meeting of the Natl. Mast. Counc. Albuquerque, NM. 204-205. Ringen DR, Middleton JR, Marshall TS. 2010. Utility of pre-partum parameters for predicting intramammary infection at calving in first calf heifers on a grazing dairy. Proc. 49th Annual Meeting of the Natl. Mast. Counc. Albuquerque, NM. 212-213 Middleton JR. 2010. Milk Microbiology for the Practitioner. American Board of Veterinary Practitioners Symposium. Denver, Colorado April 15-18, 2010. Middleton JR. 2010. Extra-label drug use (ELDU) in dairy cattle. American Board of Veterinary Practitioners Symposium. Denver, Colorado April 15-18, 2010. Middleton JR. 2010. Mastitis pathogens in the dairy heifer. Denver, Colorado April 15-18, 2010 Perry J, Middleton JR, Zadoks RN. 2010. Relationship between coagulase negative staphylococcal species, milk somatic cell count, and duration of intramammary infection on a United States dairy. Proc Intl Dairy Fed. 392-396. MONTREAL Allard, M., Ster, C., Jacob, C.L., Diarra, M.S., Scholl, D., Lacasse, P., and Malouin, F. Identification of genes expressed by Staphylococcus aureus during bovine mastitis for vaccine and drug development. 5th IDF International Mastitis Conference. March 21-24, 2010. Christchurch New Zeeland. Scholl, D.T., Barkema H.W., Lacasse, P., and Tomita, G.M. Successes and Pitfalls of the Canadian Industry-Partnership Approach to Mastitis Research. 5th IDF International Mastitis Conference. March 21-24, 2010. Christchurch New Zeeland. Paradis, M.-E., Roy, J.-P., Scholl, D. And Bouchard, E. Impact of a Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci or Staphylococcus aureus Intramammary Infection During the First Month of Lactation on SCC, Milk Yield and Culling in Primiparous Cows. 5th IDF International Mastitis Conference. March 21-24, 2010. Christchurch New Zeeland. Perry, J., Middleton, J.R., Dufour, S., Scholl, D., Calloway, C., Anderson, S. and Dohoo, I. Association of Coagulase Negative Staphylococcal Species on Milk Somatic Cell Count of Cows from the Canadian National Cohort of Dairy Farms. 5th IDF International Mastitis Conference. March 21-24, 2010. Christchurch New Zeeland. Dufour, S., Frechette, A, and Scholl, D. The Influence of Management Practices on Herds Somatic Cell Count: a Systematic Review. 5th IDF International Mastitis Conference. March 21-24, 2010. Christchurch New Zeeland. Dufour, S, Scholl, D. A Validated Questionnaire for Measuring Udder Health Related Management Practices on Dairy Farms. 5th IDF International Mastitis Conference. March 21-24, 2010. Christchurch New Zeeland. Reyher, K. K., Dufour, S., Barkema, H. W., Des Côteaux, L., DeVries, T. J., Dohoo, I. R., Keefe, G. P., Roy, J.-P., and Scholl, D. T. The core research platform for the Canadian Bovine Mastitis Research Network - a national and international resource. 5th IDF International Mastitis Conference. March 21-24, 2010. Christchurch New Zeeland. Perry, J., Middleton, J.R., Dufour, S., Scholl, D., Calloway, C., Anderson, S. Dohoo, I. Association of Coagulase Negative Staphylococcal Species and Milk Somatic Cell Count of Cows from the Canadian National Cohort of Dairy Farms. NMC 49th Annual Meeting. January 31  February 3, 2010. Albuqurque, New Mexico. TENNESSEE Almeida, R. A., D. A. Luther, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Pathogenesis of chronic Escherichia coli mastitis. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 687. Almeida, R. A., D. A. Luther, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Protein profiles of Escherichia coli associated with chronic and acute mastitis in dairy cows. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 688. Almeida, R. A., D. A. Luther, D. Patel, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Predicted surface regions of Streptococcus uberis adhesion molecule (SUAM) mediate internalization into mammary epithelial cells. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 705. Almeida, R. A., M. E. Prado, D. A. Luther, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Antibodies in serum from cows vaccinated with Streptococcus uberis Adhesion Molecule (SUAM) inhibit adherence to and internalization of S. uberis into bovine mammary epithelial cells. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 679. Almeida,R. A., X. Chen, D. A. Luther, O. Kerro Dego, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Lack of Streptococcus uberis Adhesion Molecule markedly influences adherence to and internalization of a sua gene deletion mutant into bovine mammary epithelial cells. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 680. Chen, X., R. A. Almeida, D. A. Luther, O. Kerro Dego, T. E. Fuller, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Creation of a Streptococcus uberis sua gene deletion mutant using a thermosensitive replicative plasmid. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 704. Elliott AA, J Dunlap, S Minkin, J Biggerstaff, and GM Pighetti. 2010. Cows genetically more susceptible to mastitis have altered neutrophil migration patterns. In: Proc NMC. p198. Elliott AA, J Dunlap, S Minkin, J Biggerstaff, GM Pighetti. 2010. Cows genetically more susceptible to mastitis have altered actin expression by neutrophils. In: Proc Intl Dairy Fed Mastitis Conf. p.136. Elliott AA, SP Oliver, and GM Pighetti. 2010. Responses of cows with different CXCR1 genotypes to experimental challenge with Streptococcus uberis. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 700. Lopez Benavides, Mario G., Susan I. Headrick, Mark J. Lewis, Barbara E. Gillespie, Lisa M. Bauer, David Johnson, Ken Lamar, Camelia Traistaru, Fahim Ahmed, Thomas Hemling, and Stephen P. Oliver. 2010. Efficacy of two chorine dioxide-based barrier teat disinfectants. In: Proc. Natl. Mastitis Counc. pp. 252-253. Lopez Benavides, Mario G., Susan I. Headrick, Mark J. Lewis, Barbara E. Gillespie, Hugh Moorehead, J. David Plunk, Camelia Traistaru, Fahim Ahmed, Thomas Hemling, and Stephen P. Oliver. 2010. Efficacy of two chorine dioxide-based postmilking teat disinfectants. In: Proc. Natl. Mastitis Counc. pp. 274-275. Luther, D. A., R. A. Almeida, D. Patel, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Surface region and epitope predictions of Streptococcus uberis adhesion molecule (SUAM). In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 706. Luther, D. A., X. Chen, R. A. Almeida, Ying Yuan, Shangfeng Chang, Abadin Eurife, Lauren Jory, Steven Kovacevic, Andy Allen, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Detection of Streptococcus uberis Adhesion Molecule (SUAM) and sua in geographically diverse strains of S. uberis. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 705. Morris PH, ML Riggle-Moxley, GM Pighetti. 2010. Does norepinephrine promote the growth of mastitis causing Escherichia coli? In: Proc NMC. p.276 Oliver, S. P., D. A. Luther, M. E. Prado, and R. A. Almeida. 2010. Characterization of Streptococcus uberis Adhesion Molecule (SUAM). In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference pp. 283-290. Oliver, S. P., S. I. Headrick, M. J. Lewis, B. E. Gillespie, L. M. Bauer, D. L. Johnson, K. C. Lamar, and R. A. Almeida. 2010. Development of an Escherichia coli experimental intramammary infection model with a strain isolated from a cow with chronic E. coli mastitis. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference pp. 413-419. Pighetti GM, P Morris, ML Riggle-Moxley, and ME Prado. 2010. Escherichia coli isolates from clinical mastitis grow more rapidly in the presence of norepinephrine. In: Proc Intl Dairy Fed Mastitis Conf. p.383 UTAH Wilson D, Trujillo J, Justice-Allen A, Goodell G: Mycoplasma found in bedding of dairy herds with associated mycoplasma mastitis in dairy cattle. Proc 52nd Ann Conf AAVLD: 94, 2009. (Published since last NE-1028 report.) Wilson D, Justice-Allen A, Maddox J: Reduction in mycoplasma mastitis in Utah dairy herds participating in a follow-up project. Proc 52nd Ann Conf AAVLD: 98, 2009. (Published since last NE-1028 report.) Trujillo J, Justice-Allen A, Morley T, Wilson D: SYBR green real-time PCR detection and differentiation assay for Mycoplasma species in biological samples. Proc 52nd Ann Conf AAVLD: 97, 2009. (Published since last NE-1028 report.) Wilson DJ: Mycoplasma mastitis  management strategies and likelihood of eliminating it from dairy herds in Utah. Proc Utah Vet Med Assoc:1-21, 2010. VIRGINIA Nedrow, A.J., R.N. Zadoks, W. Wark, I.K. Mullarky. 2010. Ability of Klebsiella mastitis isolated to evade host immune defenses. Pg 265 In Mastitis Research into Practice, Proc. 5th IDF Mastitis Conference, March 21-24, 2010, Christchurch, NZ. Edited by J.E. Hillerton. Bharathan, M., W. Mwangi, I.K. Mullarky. 2010. Immune responses of bovine dendritic cells and lymphocytes to Staphylococcus aureus. Pg 295 In Mastitis Research into Practice, Proc. 5th IDF Mastitis Conference, March 21-24, 2010, Christchurch, NZ. Edited by J.E. Hillerton. Stewart, B., S. N. Masiello, J. S. Hogan and C. S. Petersson-Wolfe. 2010. Genotypic profiling of enterococci from bovine origin. Pp 369-372 In Mastitis Research into Practice, Proc. 5th IDF Mastitis Conference, March 21-24, 2010, Christchurch, NZ. Edited by J.E. Hillerton. Petersson-Wolfe, C. S. and H. Karp. 2010. Use of milk lactose as an indicator of mastitis following validation of a novel in-line milk analysis system designed to measure milk components. Pp 511-514 In Mastitis Research into Practice, Proc. 5th IDF Mastitis Conference, March 21-24, 2010, Christchurch, NZ. Edited by J.E. Hillerton. Petersson-Wolfe, C. S., S. N. Masiello and J. S. Hogan. 2010. The ability of enterococci to survive the ensiling process and the gastrointestinal tract may lead to increased environmental contamination. Pg. 701 In Mastitis Research into Practice, Proc. 5th IDF Mastitis Conference, March 21-24, 2010, Christchurch, NZ. Edited by J.E. Hillerton. WISCONSIN Ruegg, P.L., C. Hulland and H. Khatib. 2010. Relationship between intramammary treatment using pirlimycin hydrochloride and lincosamide resistance. Pp 633-638 In Mastitis Research into Practice, Proc. 5th IDF Mastitis Conference, March 21-24, 2010, Christchurch, NZ. Edited by J.E. Hillerton. WEB PRESENTATIONS POSTER PRESENTATIONS IDAHO Rezamand. P., K. M. Hunt, R. D. Schramm, and M. A. McGuire. 2010. Bovine hepatic and adipose retinol binding protein gene expression. ADSA- ASAS joint annual meeting, Denver CO IOWA Peters, J. and L. Timms. 2010. Evaluation of dripping and drying characteristics, teat coverage persistency, and teat health for two prototype and one commercial dry period persistent barrier teat dips. Midwest ADSA Mtg., Des Moines, March 2010. Juarez, J. and L. Timms. 2010. Evaluation of prototype and commercial sodium chlorite (base/activator) pre-post milking teat dips on teat end and teat skin condition and health. Midwest ADSA Mtg., Des Moines, March 2010. KANSAS Regulation of P-gp Under Inflammatory Conditions in the BME-UV In Vitro Model. Al-Bataineh MM. Experimental Biology 2010, Anaheim, CA, April 27, 2010. Cholera Toxin Enhances ENaC-Mediated Sodium Absorption Across Cultured Human Mammary Epithelial Cells. Wang, Q. Experimental Biology 2010, Anaheim, CA, April 25, 2010. The Effect of Progesterone and ²-Estradiol on P-glycoprotein and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein Expression in Cultured BME-UV Mammary Epithelial Cells. Lorch, A. Merck-Merial Veterinary Summer Scholars Symposium, University of Georgia, August 5-8, 2010 MISSOURI Perry J, Middleton JR, Zadoks RN. 2010. Relationship between coagulase negative staphylococcal species, milk somatic cell count, and duration of intramammary infection on a United States dairy. Intl Dairy Fed Mastitis Meeting, Christchurch, NZ. March 21-24, 2010. Chamberlin W, Middleton JR, Spain JN, Johnson GC, Ellersieck MR. 2010. Influence of subclinical hypocalcemia on plasma biochemical parameters and liver histologic change in dairy cows. Phi Zeta Research Day, March 19, 2010, Columbia, MO. Bloch J, Middleton JR, Britt L. 2010. Imaging and efficacy of internal teat sealant compounds. Phi Zeta Research Day, March 19, 2010, Columbia, MO. Ringen DR, Middleton JR, Marshall TS. 2010. Utility of Pre-partum Parameters for Predicting Intramammary Infection at Calving in Heifers on a Grazing Dairy. Phi Zeta Research Day, March 19, 2010, Columbia, MO. Perry J, Middleton JR. 2010. Biofilm production in coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from bovine intramammary infections. Phi Zeta Research Day, March 19, 2010, Columbia, MO. Chamberlin W, Middleton JR, Spain JN, Johnson GC, Ellersieck MR. 2010. Influence of subclinical hypocalcemia on plasma biochemical parameters, lipid mobilization, and liver lipid infiltration in dairy cows. MU Life Sciences Week, April 12-17. M-26. Perry J, Middleton JR, Dufour S, Scholl D, Calloway C, Anderson S, Dohoo I. 2010. Association of Coagulase Negative Staphylococcal Species and Milk Somatic Cell Count of Cows from the Canadian National Cohort of Dairy Farms. MU Life Sciences Week, April 12-17. Ringen DR, Middleton JR, Marshall TS. 2010. Utility of Pre-partum Parameters for Predicting Intramammary Infection at Calving in Heifers on a Grazing Dairy. MU Life Sciences Week, April 12-17. Perry J, Middleton JR, Dufour S, Scholl D, Calloway C, Anderson S, Dohoo I. 2010. Association of Coagulase Negative Staphylococcal Species and Milk Somatic Cell Count of Cows from the Canadian National Cohort of Dairy Farms. 5th IDF Mastitis Meeting, Christchurch, NZ. March 21-14, 2010. Chamberlin WG, Middleton JR, Spain JN, Johnson GC, Ellersieck MR. 2010. Influence of subclinical hypocalcemia on plasma biochemical parameters and liver histologic changes in dairy cows. American Dairy Science Association Annual Meeting. Denver, Colorado. Jul 11-15, 2010. Suntrup D, Ringen DR, Perry J, Middleton JR. 2010. Genotypic evaluation of staphylococcal isolates from pre-partum lacteal secretions and post-calving milk of primiparous dairy heifers. Merial Veterinary Research Scholars National Symposium, Atlanta, Georgia. Aug 5-8, 2010. TENNESSEE Almeida, R. A., D. A. Luther, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Pathogenesis of chronic Escherichia coli mastitis. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 687. Almeida, R. A., D. A. Luther, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Protein profiles of Escherichia coli associated with chronic and acute mastitis in dairy cows. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 688. Almeida, R. A., D. A. Luther, D. Patel, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Predicted surface regions of Streptococcus uberis adhesion molecule (SUAM) mediate internalization into mammary epithelial cells. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 705. Almeida, R. A., M. E. Prado, D. A. Luther, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Antibodies in serum from cows vaccinated with Streptococcus uberis Adhesion Molecule (SUAM) inhibit adherence to and internalization of S. uberis into bovine mammary epithelial cells. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 679. Almeida,R. A., X. Chen, D. A. Luther, O. Kerro Dego, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Lack of Streptococcus uberis Adhesion Molecule markedly influences adherence to and internalization of a sua gene deletion mutant into bovine mammary epithelial cells. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 680. Chen, X., R. A. Almeida, D. A. Luther, O. Kerro Dego, T. E. Fuller, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Creation of a Streptococcus uberis sua gene deletion mutant using a thermosensitive replicative plasmid. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 704. Elliott, A. A., S. P. Oliver, and G. M. Pighetti. 2010. Responses of cows with different CXCR1 genotypes to experimental challenge with Streptococcus uberis. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 700. Lopez Benavides, Mario G., Susan I. Headrick, Mark J. Lewis, Barbara E. Gillespie, Lisa M. Bauer, David Johnson, Ken Lamar, Camelia Traistaru, Fahim Ahmed, Thomas Hemling, and Stephen P. Oliver. 2010. Efficacy of two chorine dioxide-based barrier teat disinfectants. In: Proc. Natl. Mastitis Counc. pp. 252-253. Lopez Benavides, Mario G., Susan I. Headrick, Mark J. Lewis, Barbara E. Gillespie, Hugh Moorehead, J. David Plunk, Camelia Traistaru, Fahim Ahmed, Thomas Hemling, and Stephen P. Oliver. 2010. Efficacy of two chorine dioxide-based postmilking teat disinfectants. In: Proc. Natl. Mastitis Counc. pp. 274-275. Luther, D. A., R. A. Almeida, D. Patel, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Surface region and epitope predictions of Streptococcus uberis adhesion molecule (SUAM). In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 706. Luther, D. A., X. Chen, R. A. Almeida, Ying Yuan, Shangfeng Chang, Abadin Eurife, Lauren Jory, Steven Kovacevic, Andy Allen, and S. P. Oliver. 2010. Detection of Streptococcus uberis Adhesion Molecule (SUAM) and sua in geographically diverse strains of S. uberis. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference p. 705. Morris PH, ML Riggle-Moxley, GM Pighetti. 2010. Does norepinephrine promote the growth of mastitis causing Escherichia coli? In: Proc NMC. p.276 Oliver, S. P., D. A. Luther, M. E. Prado, and R. A. Almeida. 2010. Characterization of Streptococcus uberis Adhesion Molecule (SUAM). In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference pp. 283-290. Oliver, S. P., S. I. Headrick, M. J. Lewis, B. E. Gillespie, L. M. Bauer, D. L. Johnson, K. C. Lamar, and R. A. Almeida. 2010. Development of an Escherichia coli experimental intramammary infection model with a strain isolated from a cow with chronic E. coli mastitis. In: Proc. 2010 Intl. Dairy Federation Mastitis Conference pp. 413-419. DISSERTATIONS VIRGINIA Bharathan, M. Ph.D. Dissertation: Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells: Sentinels and Translators of Immune Response to Staphylococcus aureus. Dec. 2010 Smith, E. A. Masters Thesis: A porcine model for polymicrobial respiratory infections with swine influenza virus and Staphylococcus aureus. Dec. 2010 Masiello, S. N. Masters Thesis: Implications of the ability of Enterococcus spp. to survive the ensiling process and bovine gastrointestinal tract on the risk of bovine mastitis. January 2010. Nedrow, A. Masters Thesis: Ability of Klebsiella spp. mastitis isolates to produce virulence factors for enhanced evasion of bovine innate immune defenses. Fall 2009. Maxymiv, N. Masters Thesis: Characterization of dendritic cells in the bovine mammary gland. Fall 2009. BOOK CHAPTERS MICHIGAN Erskine RJ Mastitis in Large Animals; in The Merck Veterinary Manual, tenth edition, pg 1248-1257. Merck and Company, Whitehouse Station, New Jersey, 2010. Sordillo, L.M. and S. L. Aitken. 2010 Mammary Resistance Mechanisms - Endogenous. in Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences. 3rd Edition. Roginski, H., J.W. Fuquay, and P. F. Fox (eds). Academic Press, London. In press. MISSOURI Middleton JR. Veterinary Vaccines with a Focus on Bovine Mastitis Vaccines. In: Vaccine Design: Innovative Approaches and Novel Strategies. Horizon Publishing. In Press.