Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Our meeting began at 0800 with introductions and logistics. Stella discussed the timeline and procedures for the new proposal. The project terminates 9/30/2009. A termination report and possibly a new impact statement will be required. The document needs to be online by January 15, 2009, to her by January 5. Given the holiday break, it would be prudent for us to complete our work by December 15. So we must start now! After brief discussion, we changed the project title slightly to read Interactions among Bark Beetles, Pathogens, and Associated Microbes in North American Forests. After examining the format for the new project outline, we split into two groups to flesh out sections of the outline. After a productive afternoon, we adjourned at 1700. Saturday November 15 we again began at 0800 with an upate on CSREES reorganization from Rick Meyer. We identified potential reviewers for the new proposal. They include: Kier Klepzig, USDA Forest Service, ( kklepzig@fs.fed.us; Ken), Jenny Juzwik USDA Forest Service (jjuzwik@fs.fed.us, 651-649-5114, Tom Kolb, Northern Arizona University( ; Fred or ?) Staffan Lindgren or Joerg Bohlmann at University of Northnern British Columbia, Scott Enebak at University of Alabama ( ; Fred) or Poal Krokene from Norway (; Enrico?). The person indicated will contact the potential reviewer and persuade/con/guilt them into serving as a reviewer. Stella will then make a formal contact in January. Our next meeting will focus on 1) dealing with any issues needed to gain approval of our new project, and then 2) developing a proposal for collaborative work. Enrico will work with Fred to write a proposal for funding to bring a group together for proposal writing. Ken Raffa offered to host the 2009 meeting, most likely in Madison, at a time that meets our groupss needs. Another option would be to meet in conjunction with the North American Forest Ecology Workshop to be held in Logan, UT June **. We will survey likely participants to see if that is a viable alternative. We also discussed meeting with related groups, e.g. NCR 193 Plant Health: Managing insects and diseases of landscape plants, for at least part of every other meeting. It was also suggested that we consider meeting at locations of members of our group who do not receive travel funding. Fred Baker will remain as chair, with Ken Raffa as secretary. We continued working on the methods section. Fred will send the draft revision out to those attending the meeting. Each person was assigned responsibility for fleshing out parts of the proposal, and adding literature. Fred will coordinate these edits and make them available on the temporary project web site. After the attendees complete their revisions, the draft will go to the entire membership for their timely edits. If potential members prepare their Appendix E forms, that information will also serve as their contribution to the project outline. We need from the membership: 1) your CRIS progress reports. These will be amalgamated into our AES 422 project report, which must be submitted prior to or with our new project proposal. 2) Preliminary appendix Es from likely participants. These need not be detailed, but will serve as place holders and indicators of participation. Again, this information can be inserted into the project outline. Stella will contact existing members who did not attend the meeting to find out if they are really interested in participating, and either obtain their reports or remove them from the list. We adjourned at 1445.

Silvicultural prescriptions demonstrated on the T.W. Daniel Experimental Forest will show foresters alternatives to clearcutting to regenerate Engelmann spruce forests. Even after managing spruce beetles and incurring losses to root diseases, windthrow, which was once perceived to be a major barrier to partial cutting, is minimal. The presence of P. ramorum in coastal California forests for more than 10 years has dramatically altered overstory composition and structure. The pathogen initiates disease processes that quickly involve saprotrophic insects and decay fungi. These secondary organisms may circumvent any ability of an infected tree to mount a defense against this introduced pathogen. Preventing beetles from attacking infected trees might allow any (putative) resistance mechanisms to operate. Beetles and the presence of the fungus Hypoxylon are predictors of mortality. These relationships might be employed to predict forest stand-level changes. A new disease with an ambrosia beetle vector was described. The disease is a wilt disease on red bay (Persea borbonia) and other members of the Lauraceae that is associated with an exotic ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus. The pathogen reproduces in the maxillary mycangia of the beetle. The disease was named laural wilt, and the pathogen was described as a new species of Raffaelea, R. lauricola. Total terpene accumulation was suppressed by D. pinea when the seedlings were induced with H. annosum. Total terpene content in shoots inoculated with D. pinea was negatively correlated with lesion size. Stem base inoculation with H. annosum also induced whole-plant changes in terpenoid profiles. These findings on modulation of systemic response to fungal attack by pines have important implications for our understanding of tri-partite and tri-trophic ecological interactions. Committee members are involved with state and federal agencies, and with management agencies in Canada as several large scale insect and disease infestations are impacting western forests. These efforts include work on mountain pine beetle, aspen decline, dwarf mistletoes 9and their interaction with mountain pine beetle) and the exotic sudden oak disease. We participate on research teams as well as scientific and extension meetings.

Erbilgin, N. Ritokova, G. , Gordon, T.R., Wood, D.L. and Storer , A.J. 2008. Temporal variation on contamination of pine engraver beetles with Fusarium circinatum in native Monterey pine forests in California. Plant Pathology, Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01887. McPherson, B.A., Erbilgin, N. Wood, D.L. Svihra, P., Storer, A.J. and Standiford, R.B. 2008. Attraction of ambrosia and bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) to coast live oaks (Quercus agrifolia) infected by Phytophthora ramorum. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 10: 315-321. Kelly, M. Liu, D. McPherson, B. Wood, D., and Standiford, R. 2008. Spatial pattern dynamics of oak mortality and associated disease symptoms in a California hardwood forest affected by sudden oak death. Journal of Forest Research 13: 312-319. Brice A. McPherson, Nadir Erbilgin, David L. Wood, Pavel Svihra, Andrew J. Storer, and Richard B. Standiford. 2008. Attraction of ambrosia and bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) to coast live oaks infected by Phytophthora ramorum. In: Proceedings of the Sudden Oak Death Third Science Symposium, March 5-9, 2007, USDA-Forest Service, General Technical Report PSW-GTR-214, pp 173-175. Nadir Erbilgin, Brice A. McPherson, Pierluigi Bonello, David L. Wood, and Andrew Nelson. 2008. New relationships among the sudden oak death pathogen, bark and ambrosia beetles, and fungi colonizing coast live oaks. In: Proceedings of the Sudden Oak Death Third Science Symposium, March 5-9, 2007, USDA-Forest Service, General Technical Report PSW-GTR-214, pp 355-356. Frances Ockels, Alieta Eyles, Brice A. McPherson, David L. Wood, and Pierluigi Bonello. 2008. Chemistry of coast live oak response to Phytophthora ramorum infection. In: Proceedings of the Sudden Oak Death Third Science Symposium, March 5- 9, 2007, USDA-Forest Service, General Technical Report PSW-GTR-214, pp 157-161. Barto, E.K., S. Enright, A. Eyles, C.M. Wallis, R. Chorbadjian, R. Hansen, D.A. Herms, P. Bonello and D.F. Cipollini. 2008. Effects of soil fertility on systemic protein defense responses of Austrian pine to attack by a fungal pathogen and an insect defoliator. Journal of Chemical Ecology 34:1392-1400. Bonello, P., N. Luchi, P. Capretti, and M. Michelozzi. 2008. Host-mediated effects of Heterobasidion annosum s.s. infection on severity of Diplodia pinea tip blight in Italian stone pine (Pinus pinea L.). Tree Physiology 28, 1653-1660. Wallis, C.M., Eyles, A., Chorbadjian, R., McSpadden-Gardner, B.B., Hansen, R., Cipollini, D.F., Herms, D.A. and P. Bonello. 2008. Systemic induction of phloem secondary metabolism and its relationship to resistance to a canker pathogen in Austrian pine. New Phytologist 177, 767-778. Baker, F.A., and Shaw, J.D. 2008 Survivor aspen: can we predict who will be voted off the island? In: McWilliams, M.G., comp.2008. Proceedings of the 55th Western International Forest Disease Work Conference, 2007. October 15-19, Sedona, AZ. N. Erbilgin, S. Mori, J.H. Sun, J.D. Stein, D.R. Owen, L.D. Merrill, K.F. Raffa, T. M. Montiel, D.L. Wood & N.E. Gillette. 2007. Response to host volatiles by native and introduced populations of Dendroctonus valens (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in North America and China. J. Chem. Ecol. 33: 131-146. Zhu, J., J. G. Rasmussen, J. Moller, B. H.Aukema & K.F. Raffa. 2008. Spatial-temporal modeling of forest gaps generated by colonization from below- and above- ground bark beetle species. J. American Statistical Association A&CS. 103: 162-177. Salle, A, & K.F. Raffa. 2007. Interactions among intraspecific competition, emergence patterns, and host selection behaviour in Ips pini (Col. Scolytinae). Ecol. Entomol. 32: 162-171. Rasmussen, J. G.., J. Moller, B. H. Aukema, K.F. Raffa, & J. Zhu. 2007. Bayesian inference for multivariate point processes observed at sparsely distributed times. Royal Statistical Society series B. 69: 701-713. Raffa, K.F., Hobson, K.R., LaFontaine, S., & B. H. Aukema. 2007. Can chemical communication be cryptic? Adaptations by herbivores to natural enemies exploiting prey semiochemistry. Oecologia. 153: 1009-1019. Boone, C. K., D.L. Six, Y. Zheng,& K.F. Raffa. 2008. Exploitation of microbial symbionts of bark beetles by parasitoids and dipteran predators. Environ. Entomol. 37: 150-161. Aukema, B.H, Carroll, A.L., Zheng Y., Zhu, J., Raffa, K.F., Moore, R.D., Stahl, K., & S.W. Taylor. 2008. Movement of outbreak populations of mountain pine beetle: Influences of spatiotemporal patterns and climate. Ecography. 31: 348-358. Delalibera I., Jr., Vasanthakumar, A., Burwitz, BJ, Schloss, PD, Klepzig, KD, Handelsman J & K.F. Raffa, 2007. Composition of the bacterial community in the gut of the pine engraver beetle, Ips pini (Say) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Symbiosis. 47: 93-104. Boone, C. K, Six, D. L. & K. F. Raffa. 2008. The enemy of my enemy is still my enemy: Competitors add to predator load of primary bark beetles. Ag. For. Entomol. 10: 411-421. Vasanthakumar, A, I. J. Handelsman, P. Schloss, L. Bauer & K. F Raffa. 2008. Gut microbiota of an invasive wood boring beetle, the emerald ash borer: community composition and structure across different life stages. Environ. Entomol. 37: 1344-1353. Cardoza, Y. J., K. D. Klepzig, J. C. Moser & K. F. Raffa. Raffa. 2008. Multipartite symbioses among fungi, mites, nematodes and the spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis. Environ. Entomol. 37:956-963. Fraedrich, S. W., Harrington, T. C., and Rabaglia, R. J. 2007. Laurel wilt: A new and devastating disease of redbay caused by a fungal symbiont of the exotic redbay ambrosia beetle. Mich. Entomol. Soc. Newsletter 52: 15-16. Jacobi, W. R., Koski, R. D., Harrington, T. C., and Witcosky, J. J. 2007. Association of Ophiostoma novo-ulmi with Scolytus schevyrewi Semenov (Scolytidae) in Colorado. Plant Dis. 91:245-247. Ocasio, R. , Tsopelas, P., and Harrington, T.C. 2007. Origin of Ceratocystis platani on native Platanus orientalis in Greece and its impact on natural forests. Plant Dis. 91: 901-907. Fraedrich, S.W., Harrington, T.C., Rabaglia, R.J., Ulyshen, M.D., Mayfield, A.E., Hanula, J.L., Eickwort, J.M., and Miller, D.R. 2008. A fungal symbiont of the redbay ambrosia beetle causes a lethal wilt in redbay and other Lauraceae in the southeastern United States. Plant Dis. 92:215-224. Harrington, T. C., S. W. Fraedrich, and D. Aghayeva. 2008. Raffaelea lauricola, a new ambrosia beetle symbiont and pathogen on the Lauraceae. Mycotaxon 104:399-404.