Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

NC1029 October, 2007 - September, 2008 Accomplishments The U.S. is challenged with assuring that animal welfare is adequate in its livestock and poultry production systems. This committee will provide the information gained through evaluation of tests as a means to contribute to this assurance. Thus, the findings of this committee have the potential to impact the welfare of billions of production animals as well as to increase the productivity and competitiveness of millions of U.S. producers. The results from this project will be published in peer-reviewed manuscripts and incorporated into extension programming that will provide researchers and classroom and extension educators tools and information on how to assess animal welfare in terms of fear. Short-term Outcomes: Multistate collaboration between 5 research stations to create a research protocol, collect, analyze and present data related to validation of fear tests in swine. This work will lead to recommendations regarding fear tests that can be used in on-farm welfare assessments or audits. Outputs: 1) Data on swine fear testing at Purdue/USDA-ARS-LBRU and University of Guelph compiled into one database 2) Data collected on swine fear testing at Michigan State University 3) Data collected on swine fear testing at Iowa State University 4) Station reports prepared by NC1029 members who attended the annual meeting in July, 2008: Michigan State University, Purdue University, USDA-ARS-LBRU, University of Maryland, University of Nebraska, Texas A & M University, University of Minnesota, Washington State University, and USDA/CSREES 5) Presentation of swine fear testing at MSU by J. Siegford to MSU swine group in May, 2008 6) Manuscript by J. Mench and L. Katz related to fear testing of goats is in review Activities: Research related to validating fear tests in swine and small ruminants for use in on-farm welfare assessments has continued and is nearing conclusion. Plans for testing in poultry and cattle have been discussed further. Members of NC1029 have also been active in the collegiate Animal Welfare Judging and Assessment Competition 1) Animal Welfare Judging and Assessment Competition hosted at Michigan State University in March, 2008, involved personnel from multiple stations affiliated with NC1029 including Purdue University, Illinois State University, Iowa State University and University of Guelph. 2) Swine fear testing protocols and materials transferred from University of Guelph (S. Millman) to Michigan State University (J. Siegford) in April, 2008 3) Conducted fear testing of swine at Michigan State University (J. Siegford) in April-May, 2008 4) Swine fear testing protocols and materials transferred from Michigan State University to Iowa State University (A. Johnson) in May, 2008 5) Conducted fear testing of swine at Iowa State University (A. Johnson) in May-June, 2008 6) NC1029 Annual Meeting in July, 2008 preceding the ASAS-ADSA 2008 meeting. Milestones: The following milestones are targets for the October, 2008 -September, 2009 year. These milestones will enable NC1029 to continue to meet research and publication targets mainly related to the current goals of validating fear tests of various livestock species. 1) Swine fear testing protocols and materials to be sent to Washington State University (R. Newberry) by fall, 2008. 2) Testing at Washington State University (R. Newberry) to complete data collection for the swine portion of the fear test validation by spring, 2009. 3) Animal Welfare Judging and Assessment Competition to be hosted at Michigan State University in November, 2008, and involving personnel from multiple stations affiliated with NC1029 including Purdue University, Illinois State University, Iowa State University and University of Guelph. 4) Swine fear testing data from Michigan State (J. Siegford) and Iowa State (A. Johnson) to J. Garner for inclusion in the database by December, 2008 5) Existing swine fear testing data analyzed by J. Garner and D. Lay by January, 2009 6) Abstract prepared by February, 2009, by D. Lay for presentation at American Society for Animal Science Meeting in 2009 titled, Making sense of fear testing - validating common behavioral tests used in swine. 7) Conduct NC1029 Annual Meeting in summer, 2009. 8) Finalize plans for fear testing in poultry and ruminants by summer, 2009.

NC1029 October, 2007  September, 2008 Publications Publications Associated with Fear Testing Pairis, M., J. Garvey, A. Young, A. Johnson and S. Millman. 2008. Can fear be effectively assessed in swine? Accepted October 20th 2008 for presentation at AASV March 2009. Kanaan, V.T., E.A. Pajor, D.C. Lay Jr., B.T. Richert, and J.P Garner. 2008. A note on the effects of co-mingling piglet litters on pre-weaning growth, injuries and responses to behavioural tests. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 110 (3), p.386-391. Li, Y. Z. Is maternal fear associated with piglet survival in loose farrowing systems? West Central News. University of Minnesota. Sept. 17, 2008. Other Publications Associated with Behavior and Welfare Bearson, B. L., S. M. D. Bearson, J. J. Uthe, S. E. Dowd, J. Houghton, I. Lee, M. J. Toscano, and D. C. Lay Jr. 2008. Iron regulated genes of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in response to norepinephrine and the requirement of fepDGC for norepinephrine-enhanced growth. Microbes and Infection. 10:807-806 Buskirk DD, Siegford JM, Wenner BA. 2007. Performance of beef calves weaned by traditional, fenceline, and two-step methods. 2007 Joint Annual Meeting ADSA PSA AMPA ASAS. J Anim Sci 85(Supplement 1):542. Carrier, J., S. Godden, J. Fetrow, S. Stewart, P. Rapnicki, and M. I. Endres. 2007. Calving behavior and impact on calf survival. In: Proc. Minnesota Dairy Health Conference, pp 98. Cloutier, S. and R.C. Newberry. 2008. The use of a conditioning technique to reduce the physiological and behavioural stress associated with repeated intra-peritoneal injections in rats. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 112:158-173. Croney, C. and R.C. Newberry. 2007. Group size and cognitive processes. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 103:215-228. Daigle C, Tubbs M, Snider R, Siegford J. 2007. Development and internal utilization of animal welfare assessment scenarios by the zoo industry. Proceedings of the 83rd Association of Zoos and Aquariums Annual Conference. Dennis, R., I. Estevez, R.C. Newberry and H-W. Cheng. 2008. Appearance matters: artificial marking alters aggression and stress. Poultry Science 82:1393-1396. Eicher, S. D., M. M. Schutz, J. D. Arthington, and D. C. Lay Jr. 2008. Modulation of leukocyte populations by housing flooring. CRWAD. Submitted 8-24-08. Dec,6-8; Chicago Endres, M.I. 2008. Cow comfort: What have we learned lately? In: Proc. 4-State Dairy Nutr. Manag. Conference, pp 60. Endres, M.I. and A.E. Barberg. 2007. Behavior of dairy cows in an alternative bedded pack housing system. J. Dairy Sci. 90:41924200. Endres, M.I. 2007. Progress in compost barns and bedding sources. In: Proc. 41st Annual North Dakota Dairy Convention, pp 23. Endres, M.I. 2007. Cow performance, welfare and behavior in compost dairy barns. In: Proc. National Compost Dairy Barn Conference, pp 67. Fregonesi JA, Tucker CB, Weary DM. 2007. Overstocking reduces lying time in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 90: 3349-3354. Gifford, A.K., S. Cloutier and R.C. Newberry. 2007. Objects as enrichment: effects of object exposure time and delay interval on object recognition memory of the domestic pig. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 107:206-217. Imwalle, D.B., A. R. Lehrer and L.S. Katz. 2007. Intravaginal impedance and sexual behavior of ovariectomized goats given estrogen alone or in combination with progesterone. J. Animal Science 85: 1908-1913. Janczak, A. M., R.M. Marchant-Forde, J.N. Marchant-Forde, D. Hogan, D.L. Mathews, C. Dowell, L.J. Freeman, D.C. Lay, Jr.. 2008. Heart rate variability as a welfare indicator in domestic pigs. ISAE, Dublin 2008 Katz, L. S. 2008. Variation in male sexual behavior. Animal Reproduction Science 105: 64-71. Katz, L.S. 2007. Sexual behavior of domesticated ruminants. Hormones and Behavior 52: 56-63. Kendall PE, Verkerk GA, Webster JR, Tucker CB. 2007. Sprinklers and shade cool cows and reduce insect-avoidance behavior in pasture-based dairy systems. J Dairy Sci, 90: 3671-3680. Kranendonk, G., D.C. Lay Jr., S. Jarvis, M. Fillerup, C.G. VanReenen, H. Hopster, and V.M. Wiegant. 2008. Regular mixing of pregnant sows reduces their weight gain, but does not affect offspring body weight, behaviour or wound healing. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. Accepted with revision. Lay, D. C. Jr., H. G. Kattesh, J. E. Cunnick, M. J. Daniels, K. A. McMunn, M. J. Toscano, and M. P. Roberts. 2008. Effects of prenatal stress on sow productivity and piglet response to weaning. J. Anim. Sci. 86:1316-1324. Lay Jr., D. C. 2008. Functional test of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis of sows which perform various abnormal behaviors. ASAS, Indianapolis 2008 Lay Jr., D. C., M. H. Rostagno, S. D. Eicher, and K. A. McMunn . 2008. Behavior, plasma cortisol, and immune cell populations of pigs experimentally infected with Salmonella Typhimurum . ISAE, Dublin 2008 Marchant-Forde, J.N., D.C. Lay Jr., R. Marchant-Forde, K.A. McMunn, and B.T. Richert. 2008. Effects of r-salbutamol on behavior and physiology of finishing pigs. J. Anim. Sci , In Press. Marchant Forde, J.N., Lay Jr., D.C., McMunn, K.A., Cheng, H.W., Pajor E.A. and Marchant-Forde, R.M. 2009. Post-natal piglet husbandry practices and well-being: The effects of alternative techniques delivered separately. J. of Anim. Sci. (in press) Newberry, R.C., L.J. Keeling, I. Estevez and Bilk, B. 2007. Behaviour when young as a predictor of severe feather pecking in adult laying hens: the redirected foraging hypothesis revisited. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 107:262-274. Newberry, R.C. and J.C. Swanson. 2008. Implications of breaking mother-young social bonds. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 110:3-23. Schenck, E.L., McMunn, K.A., Rosenstein, D.S., Stroshine, R.L., Nielsen, B.D., Richert, B.T., Marchant-Forde, J.N. and Lay Jr., D.C. 2008. Exercising stall-housed gestating gilts: Effects on lameness, the musculo-skeletal system, production and behavior. J. Anim. Sci. Shane, E. M., M. I. Endres, D. G. Johnson, and J. K. Reneau. 2008. Bedding options for an alternative housing system for dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 91:254. Siegford JM, Zanella AJ, Bernardo T, Wickens CL, Laughlin K, Malinowski R. 2007. Leveraging expertise in animal welfare to create educational equity. Animal Welfare 16(2):241-244. Siegford JM, Rucker G, Zanella AJ. 2008 Effects of pre-weaning exposure to a maze on pigs at weaning and on subsequent performance in spatial and open field tests. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 110:189-202. Siegford JM, Grimes-Casey HG, Powers W. 2008. Environmental aspects of ethical animal production. Poultry Sci 87: 380-386. Siegford JM, Buskirk DD, Sharra MK. 2007. Behavior of beef calves weaned by traditional, fenceline, and two-step methods. 2007 Joint Annual Meeting ADSA PSA AMPA ASAS. J Anim Sci 85(Supplement 1):365. Siegford JM, Daigle C, Tubbs M, Bernardo T, Heleski CR, Malinowksi R, Snider R. 2007. Animal welfare assessment scenarios as a tool for animal production industries. 2007 Joint Annual Meeting ADSA PSA AMPA ASAS. J Anim Sci 85(Supplement 1):582. Siegford JM, Sharra MK. 2007. Estimating when beef calves are ready to be weaned based on social behavior and time budgets. Proceedings of the 41st International Congress of the ISAE 41:88. Tubbs M, Daigle C, Siegford J, Snider R. 2007. Creating animal welfare assessment scenarios for the zoo industry. Proceedings of the 83rd Association of Zoos and Aquariums Annual Conference. Tucker CB, Dalley DE, Burke JL, Clark DA. 2007. Milking cows once daily influences behavior and udder firmness at peak and mid lactation. J Dairy Sci, 90: 1692-1703. Tucker CB, Rogers A, Verkerk GA, Webster J, Matthews LR. 2007. Effects of shelter and body condition on the behaviour and physiology of dairy cattle in winter. Appl Anim Behav Sci, 105: 1-13. Tucker CB, Rogers AR, Schütz KE. 2008. Effect of solar radiation on dairy cattle behaviour, use of shade and body temperature in a pasture-based system. Appl Anim Behav Sci, 109: 141-154. Wilcox, C.S., N.M. Schutz, S.S. Donkin, D.C. Lay Jr., S.D. Eicher. 2008. Short Communication: Effect of temporary glycosuria on molasses consumption in Holstein calves. J. Dairy Sci. 91:1-4