SAES-422 Multistate Research Activity Accomplishments Report
Sections
Status: Approved
Basic Information
- Project No. and Title: W190 : Water Conservation, Competition and Quality in Western Irrigated Agriculture
- Period Covered: 01/01/2002 to 12/01/2002
- Date of Report: 12/18/2002
- Annual Meeting Dates: 10/01/2002 to 10/05/2002
Participants
Schaible, Glenn (schaible@ers.usda.gov) Economic research Service, USDA; Taylor, R. (gtaylor@uidaho.edu) University of Idaho; Daugherty, LeRoy (ldaugher@nmsu.edu) New Mexico State University; Gopalakrishnan, Chennat (chennat@hawaii.edu) University of Hawaii at Manoa; Huffaker, Ray (huffaker@wsu.edu) Washington State Univesity; Supalla, Raymond (rsupalla@unl.edu) University of Nebraska; Ward, Frank (frward@murphie.nmsu.edu) New Mexico State University; Gollehon, Noel (gollehon@ers.usda.gov); ONeill, Michael (moneill@reeusda.gov) USDA-CSREES; Hunt, Fen (fhunt@reeusda.gov) USDA-CSREES; Cardon, Grant (grant.cardon@colostate.edu) Colorado State University; Frasier, Marshall (mfrasier@lamar.colostate.edu) Colorado State University; Peterson, Jeffrey (jpeters@ksu.edu) Kansas State University; Hurd, Brian (bhhurd@nmsu.edu) New Mexico State University; Schuck, Eric (eschuck@lamar.colostate.edu) Colorado State University; Adams, Rich (Richard.adams@orst.edu) Oregon State University; Gilley, James (gilley@tamu.edu) Texas A&M University; Jakus, Paul (pjakus@econ.usu.edu) Utah State University; Klein, Kurt (klein@uleth.ca) University of Lethbridge Canada
The meeting was called to order by Chairman Marshall Frasier (CSU) at 1:00 pm on Wednesday, October 2, 2002 with a gracious welcome extended to all attending. Guests were introduced and the minutes for the year 2001 meeting were approved. Chairman Frasier explained the meeting agenda.
The first item of business was agency reports. Mike ONeill and Fen Hunt, CSREES, reported on the CSREES water quality and natural resource programs and CSREES expectations for regional research programs. Emphasis was given to a discussion of the CSREES National Integrated Water Quality Program (Section 406), its joint effort with EPA, its four national program areas, eight program themes, and its multi-regional coordination through the Committee for Shared Leadership in Water Quality. Mike and Fen both discussed the need for multi-state research projects to focus annual reports more on accomplishments and impacts. LeRoy Daugherty, Administrative Advisor, discussed the new reporting requirements for multi-state regional projects, emphasizing the new electronic format for annual reports. Glenn Schaible, ERS, presented an overview of ERS research and data development activities in the areas of irrigation/water management and water quality, small-farm research for irrigated agriculture, animal waste-management, integration of NASS/ERS data collection for FRIS and ARMS, and RMA-funded research addressing the economic impacts of Federal decisions that limit water supplies for irrigated agriculture.
Chennat Gopalakrishnan, University of Hawaii at Manoa, reported on the status of the second Special Issue of The International Journal of Water Resources Development, which will feature research accomplishments from the W-190 addressing institutional perspectives and innovations in western water management. Papers for the Special Issue have been professionally reviewed and publication is expected in March 2003. Noel Gollehon, ERS, discussed a broader overview of the ERS/RMA research project addressing economic impacts of Federal decisions that limit or curtail the availability of federally-supplied irrigation water. Emphasis was given to highlighting the research efforts for nine Cooperative Agreements between ERS and University research teams (many involving W-190 participants). Extended discussion provided helpful insights into developing a common understanding across W-190 Cooperators on research project objectives.
The Thursday program consisted of three invited presentations, brief comments from Kurt Klein, University of Lethbridge Canada, on the water research program of the Water Institute for Semi-Arid Eco-Systems (WISE), W-190 State Reports, and a business meeting. Invited presentations were given by Glenn Schaible, ERS, Structural Characteristics of Western Irrigated Agriculture: Implications for Agricultural Water Conservation and Future Research; Raymond J. Supalla, University of Nebraska, Endangered Species Policy: Has the Time Come for Change; and Norm Whittlesey, retired Washington State University, Improving Irrigation Efficiency through Technology Adoption: When will it Conserve Water? Glenn Schaible, ERS, also hosted a review/discussion of the draft 2003 Farm & Ranch Irrigation Survey (FRIS), emphasizing revisions from the 1998 FRIS and NASS/ERS integration of FRIS and the 2003 ARMS Phase III surveys. W-190 review comments, forwarded to the NASS 2003 FRIS Coordinators, contributed to both improved and more concise questions, as well as reduced respondent burden. (NASS acknowledged the W-190 review as a critical component of its 2003 FRIS review process.)
The first item of business was agency reports. Mike ONeill and Fen Hunt, CSREES, reported on the CSREES water quality and natural resource programs and CSREES expectations for regional research programs. Emphasis was given to a discussion of the CSREES National Integrated Water Quality Program (Section 406), its joint effort with EPA, its four national program areas, eight program themes, and its multi-regional coordination through the Committee for Shared Leadership in Water Quality. Mike and Fen both discussed the need for multi-state research projects to focus annual reports more on accomplishments and impacts. LeRoy Daugherty, Administrative Advisor, discussed the new reporting requirements for multi-state regional projects, emphasizing the new electronic format for annual reports. Glenn Schaible, ERS, presented an overview of ERS research and data development activities in the areas of irrigation/water management and water quality, small-farm research for irrigated agriculture, animal waste-management, integration of NASS/ERS data collection for FRIS and ARMS, and RMA-funded research addressing the economic impacts of Federal decisions that limit water supplies for irrigated agriculture.
Chennat Gopalakrishnan, University of Hawaii at Manoa, reported on the status of the second Special Issue of The International Journal of Water Resources Development, which will feature research accomplishments from the W-190 addressing institutional perspectives and innovations in western water management. Papers for the Special Issue have been professionally reviewed and publication is expected in March 2003. Noel Gollehon, ERS, discussed a broader overview of the ERS/RMA research project addressing economic impacts of Federal decisions that limit or curtail the availability of federally-supplied irrigation water. Emphasis was given to highlighting the research efforts for nine Cooperative Agreements between ERS and University research teams (many involving W-190 participants). Extended discussion provided helpful insights into developing a common understanding across W-190 Cooperators on research project objectives.
The Thursday program consisted of three invited presentations, brief comments from Kurt Klein, University of Lethbridge Canada, on the water research program of the Water Institute for Semi-Arid Eco-Systems (WISE), W-190 State Reports, and a business meeting. Invited presentations were given by Glenn Schaible, ERS, Structural Characteristics of Western Irrigated Agriculture: Implications for Agricultural Water Conservation and Future Research; Raymond J. Supalla, University of Nebraska, Endangered Species Policy: Has the Time Come for Change; and Norm Whittlesey, retired Washington State University, Improving Irrigation Efficiency through Technology Adoption: When will it Conserve Water? Glenn Schaible, ERS, also hosted a review/discussion of the draft 2003 Farm & Ranch Irrigation Survey (FRIS), emphasizing revisions from the 1998 FRIS and NASS/ERS integration of FRIS and the 2003 ARMS Phase III surveys. W-190 review comments, forwarded to the NASS 2003 FRIS Coordinators, contributed to both improved and more concise questions, as well as reduced respondent burden. (NASS acknowledged the W-190 review as a critical component of its 2003 FRIS review process.)
Accomplishments
Objective 1: Evaluate the farm-level economic and environmental implications of employing
alternative resource-conserving irrigation technology and water management systems.
Colorado completed a system-wide irrigation efficiency evaluation for the Dolores Irrigation Project in southwestern Colorado. The project estimated the potential for water savings by comparing grower-managed irrigation with best-management practices. Kansas examined the income-risk exposure of groundwater irrigators in the High Plains using field experiments designed to study the feasibility of sub-surface drip irrigation relative to other irrigation technologies. Nebraska examined groundwater quality issues in the Platte River Valley, finding that it is economically-feasible to reduce nitrate pollution of groundwater (within a 50-year time frame) by decreasing nitrogen and water applied, shifting from gravity to sprinkler systems, and shifting to more alfalfa and less corn production. ERS analyzed production and location changes in the livestock industry, evaluating potential environmental spillovers from implementing nutrient management plans as described in the US-EPA/USDA Unified Strategy for Animal Feeding Operations.
Objective 2: Apply alternative methodologies to evaluate economic, environmental and social
impacts of potential technology, policy, and institutional changes affecting water
resources for irrigated agriculture.
Oregon and UC-Berkeley examined the resource, economic, institutional, and endangered species issues associated with the Klamath Basin water conflict. Identifying the water resource problems, researchers worked with stakeholders to develop acceptable solutions to address water and habitat problems in the Upper Klamath Basin. Oregon also examined the cost-effectiveness of alternative mechanisms to obtain water for instream flows on the John Day River and on tributaries to the Grand Ronde River (both in eastern Oregon). Kansas organized the Consortium for International Research on Groundwater Based Economics (RoGBE), an inter-disciplinary research team with a mission to help citizens, planning agencies, and policy makers understand the technical aspects of water management and its economic, social, and natural system impacts. New Mexico identified and documented adaptation response of water resource users to climate change, in addition to examining both reactive and anticipatory adaptation responses. Nebraska estimated the annualized cost of improving groundwater quality (when groundwater contains 30 mg/l of nitrate nitrogen), ranging from $3.50 per acre per mg change in concentration to over $100 per mg as the nitrate concentration of the groundwater approached the public health standard of 10 mg/l. ERS, based on USDA/RMA-funded research, developed nine Cooperative Agreements with University research teams designed to address the economic impact of Federal decisions that limit the use of Federally supplied irrigation water. W-190 participants include California-Davis, Univ. of Nebraska, Oregon State Univ., New Mexico State Univ., Washington State Univ., and Colorado State University. ERS research also examined irrigation technology transitions in the Mid-plains states region, finding that crop-price effects on technology transitions are relatively inelastic (slow). This research also concluded that the conventional interpretation for water conservation was probably too narrowly focused, and that a more broadly defined social/institutional definition was required, that is, a conservation definition encompassing requirements for water quality, ecosystem, and environmental policy goals. This broader concept anticipates the necessity to integrate water conservation-incentive policy with regionally unique institutional innovations to allow onfarm water conservation to serve a broader social agenda. In addition, ERS research, using 1998 FRIS data, also evaluated the farm-size structural characteristics of western irrigated agriculture. Research findings demonstrate the need for water conservation policy to account for the fact that most irrigated farms are smaller-sized farms (< $250,000 in farm sales), while most agricultural water use is by larger-sized irrigated farms (>= $250,000 in farm sales).
Objective 3: Evaluate alternative institutions and policies for resolving competing agricultural and
environmental water demands.
Washington and Idaho examined the nature of the conflict between irrigated agriculture and endangered species policy, potential conflict resolution alternatives, and the role of water conservation policy. Washington, working with a panel of national experts, also developed a Masters degree program in water resources management for the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers. Arizona examined the effectiveness of market transactions versus administrative or judicial water reallocations to address changing water demands in the West. Arizona has also examined the economic costs of inter-jurisdictional water disputes, and the role of economic incentives in conflict resolution. Nebraska, using bargaining models to examine potential solutions to Platte Basin water allocations between Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming, found that equity in policy implementation, that is, who pays, to be the primary institutional policy concern, rather than the resource reallocation policy itself. ERS research, in addressing transboundary water issues between the U.S. and Mexico, examined impediments to border infrastructure development. Study results demonstrate how institutional rules and power relationships are critical considerations in evaluating border water negotiations. Finally, a major W-190 accomplishment (lead by Chennat Gopalakrishnan, Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa) was the completion of the Special Issue (March 2003) of the International Journal of Water Resources Development. This second Special Issue will showcase W-190 research contributions addressing institutional innovations in western water management.
alternative resource-conserving irrigation technology and water management systems.
Colorado completed a system-wide irrigation efficiency evaluation for the Dolores Irrigation Project in southwestern Colorado. The project estimated the potential for water savings by comparing grower-managed irrigation with best-management practices. Kansas examined the income-risk exposure of groundwater irrigators in the High Plains using field experiments designed to study the feasibility of sub-surface drip irrigation relative to other irrigation technologies. Nebraska examined groundwater quality issues in the Platte River Valley, finding that it is economically-feasible to reduce nitrate pollution of groundwater (within a 50-year time frame) by decreasing nitrogen and water applied, shifting from gravity to sprinkler systems, and shifting to more alfalfa and less corn production. ERS analyzed production and location changes in the livestock industry, evaluating potential environmental spillovers from implementing nutrient management plans as described in the US-EPA/USDA Unified Strategy for Animal Feeding Operations.
Objective 2: Apply alternative methodologies to evaluate economic, environmental and social
impacts of potential technology, policy, and institutional changes affecting water
resources for irrigated agriculture.
Oregon and UC-Berkeley examined the resource, economic, institutional, and endangered species issues associated with the Klamath Basin water conflict. Identifying the water resource problems, researchers worked with stakeholders to develop acceptable solutions to address water and habitat problems in the Upper Klamath Basin. Oregon also examined the cost-effectiveness of alternative mechanisms to obtain water for instream flows on the John Day River and on tributaries to the Grand Ronde River (both in eastern Oregon). Kansas organized the Consortium for International Research on Groundwater Based Economics (RoGBE), an inter-disciplinary research team with a mission to help citizens, planning agencies, and policy makers understand the technical aspects of water management and its economic, social, and natural system impacts. New Mexico identified and documented adaptation response of water resource users to climate change, in addition to examining both reactive and anticipatory adaptation responses. Nebraska estimated the annualized cost of improving groundwater quality (when groundwater contains 30 mg/l of nitrate nitrogen), ranging from $3.50 per acre per mg change in concentration to over $100 per mg as the nitrate concentration of the groundwater approached the public health standard of 10 mg/l. ERS, based on USDA/RMA-funded research, developed nine Cooperative Agreements with University research teams designed to address the economic impact of Federal decisions that limit the use of Federally supplied irrigation water. W-190 participants include California-Davis, Univ. of Nebraska, Oregon State Univ., New Mexico State Univ., Washington State Univ., and Colorado State University. ERS research also examined irrigation technology transitions in the Mid-plains states region, finding that crop-price effects on technology transitions are relatively inelastic (slow). This research also concluded that the conventional interpretation for water conservation was probably too narrowly focused, and that a more broadly defined social/institutional definition was required, that is, a conservation definition encompassing requirements for water quality, ecosystem, and environmental policy goals. This broader concept anticipates the necessity to integrate water conservation-incentive policy with regionally unique institutional innovations to allow onfarm water conservation to serve a broader social agenda. In addition, ERS research, using 1998 FRIS data, also evaluated the farm-size structural characteristics of western irrigated agriculture. Research findings demonstrate the need for water conservation policy to account for the fact that most irrigated farms are smaller-sized farms (< $250,000 in farm sales), while most agricultural water use is by larger-sized irrigated farms (>= $250,000 in farm sales).
Objective 3: Evaluate alternative institutions and policies for resolving competing agricultural and
environmental water demands.
Washington and Idaho examined the nature of the conflict between irrigated agriculture and endangered species policy, potential conflict resolution alternatives, and the role of water conservation policy. Washington, working with a panel of national experts, also developed a Masters degree program in water resources management for the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers. Arizona examined the effectiveness of market transactions versus administrative or judicial water reallocations to address changing water demands in the West. Arizona has also examined the economic costs of inter-jurisdictional water disputes, and the role of economic incentives in conflict resolution. Nebraska, using bargaining models to examine potential solutions to Platte Basin water allocations between Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming, found that equity in policy implementation, that is, who pays, to be the primary institutional policy concern, rather than the resource reallocation policy itself. ERS research, in addressing transboundary water issues between the U.S. and Mexico, examined impediments to border infrastructure development. Study results demonstrate how institutional rules and power relationships are critical considerations in evaluating border water negotiations. Finally, a major W-190 accomplishment (lead by Chennat Gopalakrishnan, Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa) was the completion of the Special Issue (March 2003) of the International Journal of Water Resources Development. This second Special Issue will showcase W-190 research contributions addressing institutional innovations in western water management.
Impacts
- Using field days and workshops, including the Four Corners Irrigation Workshop, Colorado successfully brought together local, state, and federal agency personnel, Native American representatives, water district managers, academicians, and irrigators from across the four States, broadening awareness and understanding of system-wide irrigation efficiency issues associated with the Dolores Irrigation Project.
- In Kansas, results from irrigation technology/income-risk research were used to show producers how irrigation investments can be used to limit production risk.
- In Nebraska, Natural Resource Districts are using research results identifying the annualized costs of groundwater quality improvements as they revise groundwater management plans.
- Oregon (Rich Adams), represented on the National Research Council committee on the Status of Endangered Fishes of the Klamath Basin, helped to frame the resource questions in the Basin and in developing long-term water-management options. The NRC interim report (Natl. Academy Press, 2000) is cited by agencies as the basis for current operating plans.
- ERS research integrating results on irrigation technology transitions across the Pacific Northwest and the Mid-plains States, demonstrates the importance of recognizing a broad, social/institutional perspective when evaluating onfarm water conservation policy options.
- Research results recognizing the cumulative effects of alternative mechanisms to obtain water for instream flows helped to create the Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (CREP) in Oregon, which has been instrumental in formulating a national program by the USDA.
- Washington water-management expertise helped to develop a Masters degree program in water resources management for the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers.
- Nebraskas analysis of institutional reallocation of Platte Basin water resources, using bargaining models, has helped state, federal, and private stakeholders recognize the role of technical beliefs versus values in explaining differences in policy preferences and ultimately in contributing to conflict resolution options.
- The Special Issue of the IJWRD, featuring W-190 refereed papers addressing institutional innovations in western water management, contributes enormously to the policy-relevant professional credibility of W-190 research accomplishments.
Publications
Journal Articles
Hansen, LeRoy, V. E. Breneman, C. W. Davison, and C. W. Dicken. 2002 The Cost of Soil Erosion to Downstream Navigation, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, Vol. 57, No. 4, pp. 205-212.
Johansson, R.C., Y. Tsur, T. Roe, R. Doukkali, and A. Dinar. 2002. Pricing Irrigation Water: A Review of Theory and Practice, Water Policy, 4 (2002): pp. 173-199.
Kaplan, Jonathan D., and Richard E. Howitt. Estimating Nonpoint Source Pollution: An Application of a Sequential Entropy Filter, Water Resources Research Vol. 38 No. 3, 2002.
Supalla, R., B. Klaus, O. Yeboah and R. Bruins. A Game Theory Approach to Deciding Who Will Supply Instream Flow Water, Journal of the American Water Resources Association, Vol. 30, No. 4, 2002.
Weinberg, Marca , "Assessing a Policy Grab Bag: Federal Water Policy Reform," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 84, No. 3, (August 2002): pp. 541-556.
Weinberg, Marca, Cathy A. Lawrence, Jamie D. Anderson, Jonathan R. Randall, Louis W. Botsford, Curtis J. Loeb, Cedric S. Tadokoro, Gerald T. Orlob, and Paul Sabatier. "Biological and Economic Implications of Sacramento Watershed Management Options," Journal of the American Water Resources Association, Vol. 38, No. 2, (April 2002): pp.367-384.
Book Chapters
Booker, J. and F. A. Ward. "Instream Flows and Endangered Species in an International River Basin," in Both Sides of the Border: Transboundary Environmental Management Issues Facing Mexico and the United States, R. Carson and L. Fernandez (Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, June 2002.
Frisvold, George, and Margriet Caswell. Financing Bilateral Water Projects on the U.S.-Mexico Border: Past, Present and Future, in Both Sides of the Border: Transboundary Environmental Management Issues Facing Mexico and the United States, R. Carson and L. Fernandez (Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, (June 2002): pp. 131-159.
Monographs and Technical Reports
Aillery, M. and N. Gollehon. Irrigation Water Management, Economic Research Service, USDA [At ERS website: http://www.ers.usda.gov/Emphases/Harmony/issues/arei2000/], 2002.
Colby, B. G. and Steven Wishart. Property Value Impacts of Urban Riparian Areas. Technical Report, Dept. of Agricultural and Resource Economics, The University of Arizona, 2002.
Gollehon, N., W. Quinby, and M. Aillery. Water Use and Pricing. Economic Research Service, USDA [At ERS website: http://www.ers.usda.gov/Emphases/Harmony/issues/arei2000/], 2002.
Kaplan, Jonathan D., Robert Johansson and Mark Peters. Manure Nutrient Management Plans: Potential Agricultural Sector Impacts, Agricultural Outlook, USDA (April 2002): pp. 21-25.
Lewis, W., R. M. Adams et al. Scientific Evaluation of Biological Opinions on Endangered and Threatened Fishes in the Klamath River Basin. National Research Council. National Academy Press. 2002.
McCarl, B. A., R. M. Adams, and B. H. Hurd. Global Climate Change and Its Impact on Agriculture, in the Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems, Institute of Economics Academia Sinica, and UNESCO, www.eolss.net, 2002.
Orr, Patricia and B. G. Colby. Expenditures By Nature-Oriented Visitors and Their Economic Implications in the Upper San Pedro River Valley, Technical Report, Dept. of Agricultural and Resource Economics, The University of Arizona, 2002.
Peck D. and R. M. Adams. Droughts and Drought ForecastsEconomic Implications. Report to NOAA, Office of Strategic Planning, August, 2002.
Peterson, J. M. and D. J. Bernardo. A Review of Economic Analyses of Water Policies and Irrigation Issues in the High Plains: 1980-2000. Research Report #36, Department of Agricultural Economics, Kansas State University, 2002.
Ribaudo, Marc, N. Gollehon, M. Aillery, J. Kaplan, R. Johansson, M. Peters, L. Christensen, J. Agapoff, and V. Breneman. Manure Management for Water Quality: Cost of Land Applying Nutrients from Animal Feeding Operations, Agricultural Economic Report, Economic Research Service, USDA, December, 2002.
Supalla, R. J. and S. Ahmad. 2002. The Dynamics of Water Quality, Focus, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Spring/Summer Issue, 2002: pp. 12-19.
Supalla, R. J., B. Klaus, O. Yeboah and J. Allen. Game Theory as a Watershed Management Tool: A Case Study of the Middle Platte Ecosystem. Project Completion Report for Assistance Agreement R82698701, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, Ohio, 2002.
Ward, F. A. and A. Michelsen. Economic Feasibility and Value of Water Saved With Alternative Irrigation Technologies on the Lower Rio Grande. Report to New Mexico Water Resources Research Institute and Texas A&M (El Paso) Research and Extension Center, June 2002.
Ward. F. A. and L. Demouche. Economic Impacts of New Mexico State Parks. Report to New Mexico Department of Energy, Minerals, and Development, March 2002.
Wu, J., R. Adams and K. Tanaka. The Effects of Green Payments on Nutrient Runoff in the Midwest. Report to the Center for Agricultural Resources and Development (CARD), Iowa State University, February, 2002.
Dissertations/Theses
Aldrich, G. The Economics of Western Juniper Management on Ranches Located in the John Day Ecological Province of Oregon, Masters Thesis, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Oregon State University, 2002.
Saenz, Luis. Crop Yield Under Drip Irrigation Systems Compared to Furrow Irrigation Systems, Masters Thesis, New Mexico State University, August 2002.
Conference Proceedings
Gopalakrishnan, C. Water Allocation Among Multiple Stakeholders: The Case of Waiahole Water Project, Hawaii. In Proceedings of UNESCO Conference on Conflict to Cooperation: Challenges and Opportunities in Water Resources Management, Delft, Netherlands, 2002.
Hurd, B. H., Frank A. Ward, and Leeann DeMouche. Some Perspectives on the Economics of Surface- and Ground-Water Adjudication, in Ground Water/Surface Water Interactions, Proceedings for the AWRA 2002 Summer Specialty Conference, K. Jerry F. (Ed.), American Water Resources Association, Middleburg, VA, TPS-02-2, 2002: pp. 91-96.
Skonard, C. J. and D. L. Martin. A Physically-Based Two-Dimensional Infiltration Model for Furrow Irrigation. ASAE-CIGR Meeting Paper No. 022063, St. Joseph, MI. 2002.
Hansen, LeRoy, V. E. Breneman, C. W. Davison, and C. W. Dicken. 2002 The Cost of Soil Erosion to Downstream Navigation, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, Vol. 57, No. 4, pp. 205-212.
Johansson, R.C., Y. Tsur, T. Roe, R. Doukkali, and A. Dinar. 2002. Pricing Irrigation Water: A Review of Theory and Practice, Water Policy, 4 (2002): pp. 173-199.
Kaplan, Jonathan D., and Richard E. Howitt. Estimating Nonpoint Source Pollution: An Application of a Sequential Entropy Filter, Water Resources Research Vol. 38 No. 3, 2002.
Supalla, R., B. Klaus, O. Yeboah and R. Bruins. A Game Theory Approach to Deciding Who Will Supply Instream Flow Water, Journal of the American Water Resources Association, Vol. 30, No. 4, 2002.
Weinberg, Marca , "Assessing a Policy Grab Bag: Federal Water Policy Reform," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 84, No. 3, (August 2002): pp. 541-556.
Weinberg, Marca, Cathy A. Lawrence, Jamie D. Anderson, Jonathan R. Randall, Louis W. Botsford, Curtis J. Loeb, Cedric S. Tadokoro, Gerald T. Orlob, and Paul Sabatier. "Biological and Economic Implications of Sacramento Watershed Management Options," Journal of the American Water Resources Association, Vol. 38, No. 2, (April 2002): pp.367-384.
Book Chapters
Booker, J. and F. A. Ward. "Instream Flows and Endangered Species in an International River Basin," in Both Sides of the Border: Transboundary Environmental Management Issues Facing Mexico and the United States, R. Carson and L. Fernandez (Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, June 2002.
Frisvold, George, and Margriet Caswell. Financing Bilateral Water Projects on the U.S.-Mexico Border: Past, Present and Future, in Both Sides of the Border: Transboundary Environmental Management Issues Facing Mexico and the United States, R. Carson and L. Fernandez (Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, (June 2002): pp. 131-159.
Monographs and Technical Reports
Aillery, M. and N. Gollehon. Irrigation Water Management, Economic Research Service, USDA [At ERS website: http://www.ers.usda.gov/Emphases/Harmony/issues/arei2000/], 2002.
Colby, B. G. and Steven Wishart. Property Value Impacts of Urban Riparian Areas. Technical Report, Dept. of Agricultural and Resource Economics, The University of Arizona, 2002.
Gollehon, N., W. Quinby, and M. Aillery. Water Use and Pricing. Economic Research Service, USDA [At ERS website: http://www.ers.usda.gov/Emphases/Harmony/issues/arei2000/], 2002.
Kaplan, Jonathan D., Robert Johansson and Mark Peters. Manure Nutrient Management Plans: Potential Agricultural Sector Impacts, Agricultural Outlook, USDA (April 2002): pp. 21-25.
Lewis, W., R. M. Adams et al. Scientific Evaluation of Biological Opinions on Endangered and Threatened Fishes in the Klamath River Basin. National Research Council. National Academy Press. 2002.
McCarl, B. A., R. M. Adams, and B. H. Hurd. Global Climate Change and Its Impact on Agriculture, in the Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems, Institute of Economics Academia Sinica, and UNESCO, www.eolss.net, 2002.
Orr, Patricia and B. G. Colby. Expenditures By Nature-Oriented Visitors and Their Economic Implications in the Upper San Pedro River Valley, Technical Report, Dept. of Agricultural and Resource Economics, The University of Arizona, 2002.
Peck D. and R. M. Adams. Droughts and Drought ForecastsEconomic Implications. Report to NOAA, Office of Strategic Planning, August, 2002.
Peterson, J. M. and D. J. Bernardo. A Review of Economic Analyses of Water Policies and Irrigation Issues in the High Plains: 1980-2000. Research Report #36, Department of Agricultural Economics, Kansas State University, 2002.
Ribaudo, Marc, N. Gollehon, M. Aillery, J. Kaplan, R. Johansson, M. Peters, L. Christensen, J. Agapoff, and V. Breneman. Manure Management for Water Quality: Cost of Land Applying Nutrients from Animal Feeding Operations, Agricultural Economic Report, Economic Research Service, USDA, December, 2002.
Supalla, R. J. and S. Ahmad. 2002. The Dynamics of Water Quality, Focus, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Spring/Summer Issue, 2002: pp. 12-19.
Supalla, R. J., B. Klaus, O. Yeboah and J. Allen. Game Theory as a Watershed Management Tool: A Case Study of the Middle Platte Ecosystem. Project Completion Report for Assistance Agreement R82698701, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, Ohio, 2002.
Ward, F. A. and A. Michelsen. Economic Feasibility and Value of Water Saved With Alternative Irrigation Technologies on the Lower Rio Grande. Report to New Mexico Water Resources Research Institute and Texas A&M (El Paso) Research and Extension Center, June 2002.
Ward. F. A. and L. Demouche. Economic Impacts of New Mexico State Parks. Report to New Mexico Department of Energy, Minerals, and Development, March 2002.
Wu, J., R. Adams and K. Tanaka. The Effects of Green Payments on Nutrient Runoff in the Midwest. Report to the Center for Agricultural Resources and Development (CARD), Iowa State University, February, 2002.
Dissertations/Theses
Aldrich, G. The Economics of Western Juniper Management on Ranches Located in the John Day Ecological Province of Oregon, Masters Thesis, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Oregon State University, 2002.
Saenz, Luis. Crop Yield Under Drip Irrigation Systems Compared to Furrow Irrigation Systems, Masters Thesis, New Mexico State University, August 2002.
Conference Proceedings
Gopalakrishnan, C. Water Allocation Among Multiple Stakeholders: The Case of Waiahole Water Project, Hawaii. In Proceedings of UNESCO Conference on Conflict to Cooperation: Challenges and Opportunities in Water Resources Management, Delft, Netherlands, 2002.
Hurd, B. H., Frank A. Ward, and Leeann DeMouche. Some Perspectives on the Economics of Surface- and Ground-Water Adjudication, in Ground Water/Surface Water Interactions, Proceedings for the AWRA 2002 Summer Specialty Conference, K. Jerry F. (Ed.), American Water Resources Association, Middleburg, VA, TPS-02-2, 2002: pp. 91-96.
Skonard, C. J. and D. L. Martin. A Physically-Based Two-Dimensional Infiltration Model for Furrow Irrigation. ASAE-CIGR Meeting Paper No. 022063, St. Joseph, MI. 2002.