Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Minutes of NC-1006 Meeting, September 6-7, 2007, St. Louis, Missouri Thursday, September 6: The meeting was called to order by Chairman George Perry at 8:00 am. Representatives from 12 stations were present: 1. Kansas State University  Jeff Stevenson 2. North Dakota State University- Kim Vonnahme 3. USDA-MARC  Robert Cushman 4. South Dakota State University George Perry 5. University of Minnesota  Cliff Lamb 6. Iowa State University  Lloyd Anderson 7. University of Missouri  Allen Garverick 8. University of Illinois  Darrel Kesler 9. University of Kentucky  Bill Silvia 10. The Ohio State University-Joe Ottobre 11. University of Wisconsin  Paul Fricke 12. University of Maine - Jim Weber 13. USDA Representative  Deb Hamernik 14. Administrative Advisor- Bill Ravlin Also in attendance was Gary Hansen (University of Florida) Not Present were 1. University of Nebraska  Rick Funston 2. Department Chairs Representative  Jim Kinder Several personnel changes from 2006 were noted. Kim Vonnahme (North Dakota State University) and Jim Weber (University of Maine) have joined the project. Carolyn Komar (formerly of Iowa State University) has taken a position at the West Virginia College of Osteopathic Medicine. Iowa State is now again represented by Lloyd Anderson. Rebecca Krischer (formerly of Purdue University) has taken a position in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois. It has not been determined if she will continue as a member of NC-1006/NC-1038. Bill Silvia will contact appropriate faculty at Purdue about participation in NC-1038. This was Al Garvericks last year of participation in this regional project. Al is retiring from the University of Missouri in August 2008 before our next meeting. Bill Silvia will contact Mike Smith about representing Missouri in NC-1038. Bill Silvia distributed the objectives for the S-1006 Regional project on Dairy Genetics. One of the major endpoints for this project is to determine how genetic approaches (selection or crossbreeding) can be used to improve reproductive performance. The S-1006 group is eager to work collaboratively with reproductive physiologists to identify genetic contributions to specific reproductive endpoints. Jeff Stevenson reported on the progress of the dairy collaborative project. Jeff has received data from all cooperating stations, has completed a preliminary analysis of the data, and prepared a draft of the manuscript. There was a very detailed discussion of the results. Some constructive changes were suggested, primarily to clarify information presented in the tables. Responses from the coauthors are to be sent to Jeff as soon as possible. Bill Ravlin emphasized the importance of including impact statements, particularly in the final report. Major points of impact from this collaborative project include: 1.) Anestrous cows can be identified with about 84% accuracy using only ultrasound exam of ovaries. 2.) The timing of insemination (0 or 24 h after the last GnRH of Ovsynch) did not affect fertility. 3.) Improvement in fertility was observed in previously cycling cows receiving CIDRs, regardless of concentrations of progesterone before luteolysis was induced, before timed AI. Pregnancy rates in anovulatory cows treated with progesterone via the CIDR were not improved compared with non-CIDR treated, anovulatory cows. On behalf of the whole group, Deb Hamernik thanked Jeff for the leadership and effort he put in to compiling and analyzing the data and preparing the manuscript. Cliff Lamb summarized the results from the collaborative beef project. The data have been collected, summarized, and were presented at the 2006 annual ASAS meeting. The first draft of the manuscript is almost complete and will be distributed by Cliff to the coauthors soon. A prompt response by the coauthors is encouraged. Major impacts of this project include: 1.) Insertion of a CIDR 5 days after fixed-time AI failed to enhance pregnancy rates, indicating that producers gain little value by inserting a CIDR after AI to enhance pregnancy rates. 2.) Use of a CIDR from 14 to 21 days was an effective method for resynchronization of estrus, which reduces the amount of labor associated with detection of estrus; however, conception rates in resynchronized cows were reduced. Based on new data from IL removal of the CIDR on day 20 did not alter conception rates. Thus, resynchronization of estrus in nonpregnant cows from day 14 to 20 is a tool that reduces the time of estrus detection from 10 to 3 days. Cliff is to be commended for his leadership on this project and the efforts he has put in to compiling and analyzing the data and preparing the manuscript. In recognition of the impending retirement of Al Garverick from this regional project, Darrel Kesler and Jeff Stevenson gave brief testimonials. Al Garverick was the driving force behind the establishment of the original project (NC-113) in 1977 in addition to Drs. Ralph Erb (Purdue University) and Jack Britt (Michigan State University). Deb Hamernik presented Al with a plaque to commemorate his service and photographs were taken by Darrel Kesler. Bill Ravlin reported that the new project (NC-1038) was well received by the review panel and approved easily. The projects strength was the emphasis on collaborative, multi-station efforts. Bill reemphasized the importance of impact statements. These need to show how the project efforts have resulted in a change(s) in knowledge, in action (management), or in conditions (policy, social, environmental, or economic). Deb Hamernik gave a very thorough update on recent events within USDA including the proposed CSREES budgets for fiscal year 2008. The meeting was adjourned for lunch at 12:15 PM. The meeting resumed at 1:30 PM with station reports. The meeting was adjourned at 5:30 PM September 7, 2007 The meeting resumed at 8:00 AM with the business meeting. Bob Cushman volunteered to serve as secretary for 2008 (and chairman in 2009). Kim Vonnahme volunteered to serve as secretary in 2009 (and chairman in 2010). Both offers were accepted unanimously without dissent. After some discussion, it was agreed to hold the next NC-1038 meeting in St. Louis on September 4 and 5, 2008. Everyone agreed that accommodations at the present venue (Drury Inn) were significantly better than at the previous venue and that the meeting should be held at the Drury Inn again next year. Use of the meeting room cost $267.61 (~$18.00/ person). Darrel Kesler agreed to bring a LCD projector for the 2008 meeting. Jeff Stevenson reminded all project participants that standard practice for this group is to bring hard copies of station reports to be distributed at the meeting. Everyone agreed that this facilitated discussion and that the practice should continue. Electronic copies of the reports are to be e-mailed to George Perry by Sept. 14, 2007. After completion of the business meeting, the remaining station reports were given. The meeting was adjourned at 11:30 AM. Name Station email address George Perry South Dakota george.perry@sdstate.edu Allen Garverick Missouri garverickh@missouri.edu Cliff Lamb Minnesota clamb@umn.edu Paul Fricke - Wisconsin - pmfricke@wisc.edu Bob Cushman - USDA-MARC - cushman@email.marc.usda.gov Lloyd Anderson - Iowa - llanders@iastate.edu Joe Ottobre - Ohio - ottobre.2@osu.edu Jeff Stevenson - Kansas - jss@k-state.edu Bill Silvia - Kentucky - wsilvia@uky.edu Darrel Kesler - Illinois - djkesler@uiuc.edu Rick Funston - Nebraska - rfunston2@unl.edu Kim Vonnahme - North Dakota - kim.vonnahme@ndsu.edu Jim Weber - Maine - jweber@umext.maine.edu Jim Kinder - Ohio - kinder.15@osu.edu Bill Ravlin - Ohio - ravlin.1@osu.edu Deb Hamernik - USDA-CSREES - dhamernik@csrees.usda.gov

Objective 1. To develop breeding programs to maximize pregnancy rates. Results from current and ongoing research of the NC-1006 Committee have been used to make recommendations to stakeholders and their consultants regarding implementation of systematic synchronization and resynchronization systems for lactating dairy cows and beef cows and heifers as well as timing and methods for pregnancy diagnosis. Data generated in these projects has been published in scientific journals and included in numerous extension proceedings. These data include: " Once-used CIDRs administered 14-20 days after the initial insemination can synchronize the return estrus without compromising the conception rate. " Inclusion of a GnRH injection at the administration of the resynch CIDR had no effect on synchrony or on the establishment of pregnancy. " A large percentage of non-pregnant cows were not detected estrus following resynchronization this was a result of non-detection, delayed estrus, and silent estrus. " heifers injected with 1,000 IU of hCG or 100 ug of GnRH had similar response in terms of corpus luteum regression and follicular growth when the PGF was administered on d 5 or 7 after treatment. However, there were differences in ovulation, and estrus detection responses to heifers receiving PGF at 5 or 7 days after hCG or GnRH treatment. " Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) at 1,000 IU may substitute for GnRH, but it is slightly more costly and may reduce pregnancy rates in cycling suckled beef cattle when applied upfront 7 d before PGF2a in a CO-Synch + CIDR protocol. " In dairy cattle, hCG was equal to GnRH when applied upfront 7 d before PGF2a in a Resynch protocol for cows diagnosed not pregnant at the time of PGF2a injection. " A minimum of 1,000 IU of hCG (1 mL of Chorulon) is sufficient to induce ovulation of follicles in comparison with GnRH. Injection of hCG is especially more effective than GnRH when attempting to induce ovulation of follicles in pregnant than nonpregnant dairy cows. " Treatment of hCG prior to estrous synchronization with the CO-Synch + CIDR protocol may enhance fertility, but not if hCG replaces GnRH at TAI. " Calving distribution of suckled beef cows receiving a TAI followed by natural service was altered compared to cows exposed only to natural service. Average calving date favored those cows exposed to TAI. " An injection of GnRH following detection in standing estrus can positively or negatively influence luteal function dependent on the interval from initiation of standing estrus to the GnRH injection " Numerically, pregnancy rates at d 33 after AI were greater for nonCL cows (32.3%) treated with a CIDR than for nonCL cows not treated (24.1%), cows having a CL had significantly greater pregnancy rates than nonCL cows regardless of CIDR treatment. " Altering timing of AI relative to the second GnRH injection of Ovsynch failed to detect any differences in TAI pregnancy rates when cows were inseminated either concurrent with that injection or 24 h later. Objective 2. To characterize physiological mechanisms that regulate ovarian and uterine functions. Results from current and ongoing research of the NC-1006 Committee have furthered the scientific understanding of the physiological mechanisms that regulate ovarian and uterine functions. Data generated in these projects has been published in scientific journals and included in numerous extension proceedings. These data include: " The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR³) has been detected in ovarian tissue from cattle, indicating that this transcription factor may modulate gene expression allowing for the cyclic functioning of the ovary. The high expression of PPAR³ affects progesterone secretion and luteal formation. Increased ovarian progesterone secretion in cattle will prevent lost income associated with reproductive losses for the producer and increased profitability. " mRNA for the clock gene Period 1 (Per1) was significantly lower 6 days prior to the start of breeding in the white blood cells of beef cows that bred during a 54 day breeding season. This supports our hypothesis that clock genes may be a biomarker of reproductive status in the postpartum beef cow. " The bovine ovary from first forming (day 45) through day 105 of gestation expresses mRNA and protein for P450arom and the ERs. " In early luteal phase CL, PGF2± had no effect on VEGF and VEGFR1 mRNA expression. PGF2± decreased VEGFR2 mRNA expression at 2 hours, but VEGFR2 mRNA rebounded by 24 h after PGF2± treatment. During the mid luteal phase, VEGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 mRNA expression were unchanged during the first two hours after PGF2± administration. In contrast, PGF2± dramatically inhibited (5-10 fold) VEGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 message in CL collected 24 h after PGF2± treatment (P<0.01). " There was no effect of PGF2± on luteal concentrations of progesterone during the early luteal phase (P>0.05). This is consistent with the expected lack of response at this stage. In contrast, PGF2± decreased (P<0.03) luteal progesterone in mid-luteal phase CL, both at 2h and 24h after administration. This NC committee plans to continue to collaboratively address the development of breeding programs to maximize pregnancy rates and to characterize physiological mechanisms that regulate ovarian and uterine functions. This includes breeding trials to determine factors that influence pregnancy success, and molecular research that address the mechanisms that regulate ovarian and uterine functions that will influence pregnancy success.

Publications: Iowa State Wilhelms, K.W., G.A. Kraus, J.D. Schroeder, J.W. Kim, S.A. Cutler, M.A. Rasmussen, L.L. Anderson and C.G. Scanes. 2006. Evaluation of corn-furan fatty acid putative endocrine disruptors on reproductive performance in adult female chickens. Poult. Sci. 85:1795-1797. Wilhelms, K.W., C.G. Scanes and L.L. Anderson. 2006. Lack of estrogenic or anti-estrogenic actions of soy isoflavones in an avian model: the Japanese quail. Poult. Sci. 85:1885-1889. Wilson, M.E. and L.L. Anderson. 2007. Mechanistic aspects of foetal development relating to postnatal health and metabolism in pigs. In: Managing Prenatal Development to Enhance Livestock Productivity. Edited by P. Greenwood and A. Bell. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria (In press). Bobe, G., B.N. Ametaj, J.W. Young, L.L. Anderson and D.C. Beitz. 2007. Exogenous glucagon effects on health and reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows with mild fatty liver. Anim. Reprod. Sci. (In press). Scanes, C.G., A. Glavaski-Joksimovic, S.A. Johannsen and L.L. Anderson. 2007. Sub-populations of somatotropes with differing intracellular calcium concentration responses to secretagogues. Neuroendocrinology 85:221-231. Anderson, L.L. 2007. Editorial Forward for Cell Secretion Review SeriesCell Secretion: an orchestra involving intracellular protein transport, the universal secretory machinery-porosome, and secretory vesicle swelling-induced content release. J. Cell. Molec. Med. (In press). Molina, J.R., A.M. Benoit, S. Lkhagvadorj and L.L. Anderson. 2007. Hypothalamic deafferentation in prepuberal beef heifers: effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and estradiol benzoate on luteinizing hormone secretion. Livestock Science (submitted for review). Benoit, A.M., J.R. Molina, S. Lkhagvadorj and L.L. Anderson. 2007. Prolactin secretion after hypothalamic deafferentation in beef calves: response to haloperidol, a-methyl-r-tyrosine, thyrotropin-releasing hormone and ovariectomy. Anim. Reprod. Sci. (submitted for review). Cho, S.-J., J.-S. Lee, E.D. Mathias, C. Chang, G.J. Hickey, S. Lkhagvadorj and L.L. Anderson. 2007. Intracerebroventricular and intravenous administration of growth hormone secretagogue, somatostatin, neuropeptide Y and galanin in pig: central and dose dependent effects on growth hormone secretion. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. (submitted for review). Lee, J., M.H. Stromer, S. Jeftinija, K. Jeftinija, C.G. Scanes and L.L. Anderson. 2007. Immunocytochemical patterns of somatotrophs, mammotrophs, and mammosomatotrophs in the porcine anterior pituitary. 10th International Pituitary Congress, June 5-7, 2007, The Fairmont Hotel, Chicago, Illinois, Abstract P61, pp. 51-52. (Chicago) Bohan, M.M., L.L. Anderson, A.H. Trenkle and D.C. Beitz. 2007. Nutrient regulation of plasma ghrelin concentration in lean and overweight male humans. Experimental Biology 2007. FASEB J. 21:(No. 4), A320, Abstract 534.11. (Washington, DC) Bohan, M.M., L.L. Anderson, A.H. Trenkle and D.C. Beitz. 2007. Effect of nutrient composition of the diet on the variation of plasma hormone concentrations during waking hours in lean and overweight humans. Experimental Biology 2007. FASEB J. 21:(No. 4), A321, Abstract 534.12. (Washington, DC) Bohan, M., L. Anderson, A. Trenkle and D. Beitz. 2007. Nutrient regulation of plasma ghrelin concentration in lean and overweight female humans. Animal Industry Report. A.S. Leaflet R-2214. Lkhagvadorj, S., L. Qu, W. Cai, O. Couture, Y. Wang, L. Anderson, J. Dekkers, D. Nettleson and C. Tuggle. 2007. Use of transcriptional profiling and assessment of blood parameters to understand biological mechanisms controlling feed intake and efficiency in pigs. Animal Industry Report. A.S. Leaflet R-2233. Tinfo, N.S. and C.M. Komar. 2007. A role for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor in cell survival, not steroid production, in luteal tissue from the rat. Reproduction 133:187-196. Bridges, P.J., C. M. Komar and J.E. Fortune. 2006. Gonadotropin-induced expression of mRNA for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and secretion of prostaglandins E and F2a in bovine preovulatory follicles is regulated by the progesterone receptor. Endocrinology 147:4713-4722. Tinfo, N.S., L.J. Luense, S.M. Hopkins and C.M. Komar. 2007. Effect of genistein on in vitro estradiol production by ovarian follicles from cows. 40th Meeting of the Midwestern Section of the ASAS and the ADSA, Des Moines, IA. #101. Luense, L. 2007. The Role of Peroxisome Proliferator Activated-Receptor Gamma in Ovarian Function, M.S. Thesis, Iowa State University Library, pp. 1-77. Tinfo, N.S. 2007. The Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma in Ovarian Biology, Ph.D. Dissertation. Iowa State University Library pp. 1-103. Publications: Kansas State Journal Articles and Abstracts Stevenson, J. S., M.A. Portaluppi, and D.E. Tenhouse. 2007. Factors influencing upfront single and multiple ovulation incidence, progesterone, and luteolysis before a timed insemination resynchronization protocol. J. Dairy. Sci. 90: In press. Stevenson, J. S., M.A. Portaluppi, and D.E. Tenhouse. 2007. Ovarian traits after gonadotropin-releasing hormone-induced ovulation and subsequent delay of induced luteolysis in an Ovsynch protocol. J. Dairy. Sci. 90:1281-1288. Stevenson, J. S., D.E. Tenhouse, M.A. Portaluppi, D.R. Eborn, S. Kacuba, and J.M. DeJarnette. 2007. Interventions after artificial insemination: Conception rates, pregnancy survival, and ovarian responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin, and progesterone. J. Dairy. Sci. 90:331-340. G. C. Lamb, G. C., J. E. Larson, T. W. Geary, J. S. Stevenson, S. K. Johnson, M. L. Day, R. P. Ansotegui, D. J. Kesler, J. M. DeJarnette, and D. G. Landblom. 2006. Synchronization of estrus and artificial insemination in replacement beef heifers using gonadotropin-releasing hormone, prostaglandin F2a, and progesterone.. J. Anim. Sci. 84:3000-3009. Blevins, C. A., J. E. Shirley, and J. S. Stevenson. 2006. Milking frequency, estradiol cypionate, and somatotropin influence lactation and reproduction in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 89:4176-4187. Buttrey, B. S., M. G. Burns, and J. S. Stevenson. 2007. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and GnRH influences pregnancy survival and resynchronized ovulation before timed AI in Holstein cattle. J. Dairy. Sci. 90(Suppl. 1):325 (Abstr.). Burns, M. G., B. S. Buttrey, D. R. Eborn, J. E. Larson, B. J. Lovaas, G. C. Lamb, KC Olson, and J. S. Stevenson. 2007. Failure of human chorionic gonadotropin as a replacement for GnRH in an ovulation-synchronization protocol before fixed time AI. J. Anim. Sci. 85(Suppl. 1):320 (Abstr.). Theses Burns, M. G. 2007. Evaluation of human chorionic gonadotropin as a replacement for GnRH in an ovulation synchronization protocol before fixed time AI. M.S. thesis, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 43 pp. Buttrey, B. S. 2007. Human chorionic gonadotropin and GnRH influences pregnancy survival and resynchronized ovulation before timed artificial inseminate in Holstein cattle. M.S. thesis, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 60 pp. Publications: University of Ketucky Hatler, T.B., S.H. Hayes, D.L. Ray, P.S. Reames and W.J. Silvia. 2007. Effect of subluteal concentrations of progesterone on luteinizing hormone and ovulation in lactating dairy cows. The Veterinary Journal (doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.06.003) Publications: Minnesota Journal Articles: Lamb, G.C., C.R. Dahlen, K. A. Vonnehamme, G. R. Hansen, J. D. Arseneau, G. A. Perry, R.S. Walker, J. Clement, J. D. Arthington. 2007. Influence of a CIDR prior to bull-breeding on pregnancy rates and subsequent calving distribution. Anim. Reprod. Sci. (In press: ANIREP-D-07-988). Cooke, R. F., J. D. Arthington, C. R. Staples, W. W. Thatcher, and G. C. Lamb. 2007. Effects of supplement type on performance, reproductive, and physiological responses of Brahman-crossbred females. J. Anim. Sci. 85:(In press - E-2006-684). Galindo-Gonzalez, S., J.D. Arthington, J.V. Yelich, G.R. Hansen, G.C. Lamb, A. DeVries. 2007. Effects of cow parity on voluntary hay intake and performance responses to early calf weaning. Livestock Sci. 110:148-153. Santos, N.R., G.C. Lamb, D.R. Brown, H.B. Roman, R.O. Gilbert. 2007. Postpartum endometrial cytology in beef cows. Theriogenology (In press: THERIO-D-06-00210). Wheaton, J.E. and G.C. Lamb. 2007. Induction of cyclicity in postpartum anestrous beef cows using progesterone, GnRH and estradiol cypionate (ECP). Anim. Reprod. Sci. Nov. 19 [EPub ahead of print  ANIREP-D-06-586]. Lamb, G.C., D.R. Brown, J.E. Larson, C.R. Dahlen, N. DiLorenzo, J.D. Arthington, and A. DiCostanzo. 2007. Effect of organic or inorganic trace mineral supplementation on follicular response, ovulation, and embryo production in superovulated angus heifers. Anim. Reprod. Sci. (In press: ANIREP3354) Lamb, G.C., J.E. Larson, T.W. Geary, J.S. Stevenson, S.K. Johnson, M.L. Day, R. P. Ansotegui, D. J. Kesler, J.M. DeJarnette, and D. Landblom. 2006. Synchronization of estrus and artificial insemination in replacement beef heifers using GnRH, PGF2± and progesterone. J. Anim. Sci. 84:3000-3009. 1.Conference Proceedings: Lamb, G.C. 2007. Current advances in assisted reproductive technologies. Proc. 2007 Wild West Veterinary Conference Proceedings, Reno, NV (In press). Lamb, G.C. 2007. Recommended estrus synchronization protocols and reproductive management of beef cows. Proc. 2007 Wild West Veterinary Conference Proceedings, Reno, NV (In press). Lamb, G.C. 2007. Estrus synchronization protocols for cows. 8th Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle, Billings, MT (In press). Lamb, G.C. 2007. Factors affecting pregnancy rates in an embryo transfer program. In: Proc. XI Conference Focusing on Production and Reproduction of Cattle. Uberlandia, Brazil. pp 128-134. Lamb, G.C. 2007. Resynchronization of estrus using a progestin. In: Proc. XI Conference Focusing on Production and Reproduction of Cattle. Uberlandia, Brazil. pp 162-171. Lamb, G.C., J.E. Larson, and C.R. Dahlen. 2007. Fixed-time AI in beef cows and heifers with a CIDR plus GnRH and/or hCG. In: Proc. XI Conference Focusing on Production and Reproduction of Cattle. Uberlandia, Brazil. Pp 144-153. Lamb, G.C., and L. Schott. 2007. Targeting a branded beef program. 2007 MN Cow/Calf Day Report pp 1-5. Lamb, G.C. 2006. Donor and recipient factors affecting and embryo transfer program. 7th Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle, Rapid City, SD pp 269-280. Lamb, G.C. 2006. Nutritional factors affecting reproduction in young beef cows. 2006 Tennessee Nutrition Conference Proceedings pp 22-33. Lamb, G.C., and A. DiCostanzo. 2006. Current and future trends of market cattle. 2006 MN Cow/Calf Day Report pp 6-14. Lamb, G.C. J.E. Larson, and C.R. Dahlen. 2006. Review of estrous synchronization systems:CIDR. 7th Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle, Rapids City, SD pp 103-116. Lamb, G.C. J.E. Larson, and C.R. Dahlen. 2006. Review of Estrous Synchronization Systems:CIDR. 6th Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle, St. Joseph, MO pp 105-120. Lamb, G.C. 2006. Review of Current Estrous Synchronization Protocols for Beef Cattle. Pfizer Veterinary Technical Conference, Galena, IL (03/12/2006). Lamb, G.C. 2006. Strategies to improve pregnancy rates in beef recipients. American Association of Bovine Practitioners Pre-Conference Seminar, St. Paul, MN (09/20/2006). Lamb, G.C. 2006. Nutritional management of donors and recipients. American Association of Bovine Practitioners Pre-Conference Seminar, St. Paul, MN (09/20/2006). Lamb, G.C. 2006. Up-date on the use of sexed semen. American Association of Bovine Practitioners Pre-Conference Seminar, St. Paul, MN (09/20/2006). Lamb, G.C. 2006. Physiological principles and hormonal control of the estrous cycle. American Association of Bovine Practitioners Pre-Conference Seminar, St. Paul, MN (09/20/2006). Lamb, G.C. 2006. Control of estrous cycle using CIDR and GnRH. American Association of Bovine Practitioners Pre-Conference Seminar, St. Paul, MN (09/20/2006). Lamb, G.C. 2006. Nutritional considerations for successful implementation. American Association of Bovine Practitioners Pre-Conference Seminar, St. Paul, MN (09/20/2006). Abstracts Presented at Scientific Meetings: Burns, M.G., B.S. Buttrey, D.R. Eborn, J.E. Larson, B.J. Lovaas, G.C. Lamb, K.C. Olson, J.S. Stevenson. 2007. Evaluation of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) as a replacement for GnRH in an ovulation- synchronization protocol before fixed timed AI. J. Anim. Sci. 85 (Suppl. 1):320. Dahlen, C.R., J.E. Larson, G. Marquezini, G.C. Lamb. 2007. Effects of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) on follicle and corpus luteum dynamics and concentrations of progesterone in pre-pubertal Angus heifers. J. Anim. Sci. 85 (Suppl. 1):648. Lamb, G.C., J.E. Larson, C.R. Dahlen, G. Marquezini. 2007. Fixed-time artificial insemination in replacement beef heifers after treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), progesterone, and prostaglandin F2±. J. Anim. Sci. 85 (Suppl. 1):321. Lamb, G.C., B.J. Lovaas, S.L. Bird, A. Martins, J.E. Larson, J.C. Rodgers, D.J. Frank, D.M. Williams. 2007. Artificial insemination of superovulated Angus cows using sexed or conventionally frozen semen. J. Anim. Sci. 85 (Suppl. 1):322. Carriquiry, M., W. J. Weber, C. R. Dahlen, G. C. Lamb, B. A. Crooker. 2006. Bovine somatotropin and dietary fat enriched with omega-3 fatty acids in dairy cows: I. Lactation performance. J. Anim. Sci. 84 (Suppl. 1):63. Carriquiry, M., W. J. Weber, C. R. Dahlen, G. C. Lamb, S. R. Sanders, L. H. Baumgard, B. A. Crooker. 2006. Bovine somatotropin and dietary fat enriched with omega-3 fatty acids in dairy cows: II. Milk fatty acid compositionJ. Anim. Sci. 84 (Suppl. 1):63. Carriquiry, M., C. R. Dahlen, W. J Weber, G. C. Lamb, B. A. Crooker. 2006. Bovine somatotropin and dietary fat enriched with omega-3 fatty acids in dairy cows: III. Postpartum ovarian activity. J. Anim. Sci. 84 (Suppl. 1):346. Cooke, R. F., C. R. Staples, G. C. Lamb, and J. D. Arthington. 2006. Effects of supplement type on performance, reproductive and physiological parameters of yearling Brahman-crossbred heifers. J. Anim. Sci. 84(Suppl. 2):8 Lamb, G. C., C.R. Dahlen, K. A. Vonnahme, G. R. Hansen, J. D. Arseneau, G. A. Perry, J. Clement, J. D. Arthington. 2006. Effects of estrous synchronization with a CIDR prior to the breeding in bull-breeding herds on pregnancy rates. J. Anim. Sci. 84 (Suppl. 1):433. Thielen, K. N. J. E. Larson, B. J. Lovaas, D. J. Kesler, J. S. Stevenson, T. T. Marston, and G. C. Lamb. 2006. Influence of a CIDR insert after a fixed-time AI on pregnancy rates and return to estrus of nonpregnant cows. J. Anim. Sci. 84 (Suppl. 1):432. Publications: North Dakota State University Lamb, G.C., C.R. Dahlen, K.A. Vonnahme, G.R. Hansen, J.D. Arseneau, G.A Perry, R.S. Walker, J. Clement, J.D. Arthington. 2007. Influence of a CIDR prior to bull-breeding on pregnancy rates and subsequent calving distribution. Animal Reproduction Science. In press ANIREP-D-07-988. Publications: The Ohio State University Danforth, D, Moritz, S, Nguyen, T, Arbogast, L, Ottobre, A, and Ottobre, J. 2007. Regulation of angiogenic factors by PGF2± in the ovine corpus luteum. Biol. Reprod. Special Issue, July 23-25, San Antonio, Texas. Abstract 175. p.117-118. Publications: South Dakota REFEREED SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS: G.C. Lamb, C.R. Dahlen, K. A. Vonnehamme, G. R. Hansen, J. D. Arseneau, G. A. Perry, R.S. Walker, J. Clement, J. D. Arthington. 2007. Influence of a CIDR prior to bull-breeding on pregnancy rates and subsequent calving distribution. Animal Reproduction Sciences. (In Press). Perry, G. A. Role of follicle size on fertility in cattle. 2007. CAB Reviews: Perspectives in Agriculture, Veterinary Science, Nutrition and Natural Resources. 2:14. Perry, G. A., M. F. Smith, A. J. Roberts, M. D. MacNeil, and T. W. Geary. 2007. Relationship between size of ovulatory follicle and pregnancy success in beef heifers. J. Anim. Sci. 85:684-689 MacNeil, M. D., T. W. Geary, G. A. Perry, A. J. Roberts, and L. J. Alexander. 2006. Genetic partitioning of variation in ovulatory follicle size and probability of pregnancy. J. Anim. Sci. 84:1646-1650. Abstracts: S. D. Fields, B. L. Perry, and G. A. Perry. 2007. Effect of GnRH at time of insemination on LH pulses and subsequent progesterone. J. Anim. Sci. 85(Suppl. 1): Abstr. 123. Perry, G. A., B. L. Perry, J. R. Nelson, and J. A. Walker. 2007. Influence of post-AI nutrition of blood urea nitrogen, progesterone, and pregnancy. J. Anim. Sci. 85(Suppl. 1): Abstr. W199. Nelson, J. R., B. L. Perry, and G. A. Perry. 2007. Influence of standing estrus and estradiol on time of uterine pH decline during a fixed-time AI protocol. J. Anim. Sci. 85(Suppl. 2): Abstr. 238. A. J. Bartosh, C. L. Wright, A. E. Wertz-Lutz, and G. A. Perry. 2007. Effect of supplemental fat from dried distillers grains with solubles or corn oil on cow performance, IGF-1, GH, and NEFA concentrations. J. Anim. Sci. 85(Suppl. 2): Abstr. 273. NON-REFEREED SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS AND PROCEEDINGS: Perry, G. A. 2006. Factors that influence fertility in natural and synchronized breeding programs. Proceedings of the Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle Workshop. Rapid City, South Dakota October 3-4. p. 149-164. Smith, M. F., G. A. Perry, J. A. Atkins, D. C. Busch, C.L. Johnson, and D. J. Patterson. 2006. Physiological principals underlying synchronization of estrus. Proceedings of the Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle Workshop. Rapid City, South Dakota October 3-4. p. 7-28. Publications: USDA, ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center Journal Articles and Abstracts Echternkamp SE, Thallman RM, Cushman RA, Allan MF, Gregory KE. Increased calf production in cattle selected for twin ovulations and births. J Anim Sci 2007; (In press). Echternkamp SE, Cushman RA, Allan MF, Thallman RM, Gregory KE. Effects of ovulation rate and fetal numbers on fertility in twin-producing cattle. J Anim Sci 2007; (In press). Cushman RA, Allan MF, Thallman RM, Cundiff LV. Characterization of biological types of cattle (Cycle VII): Influence of postpartum interval and estrous cycle length on fertility. J Anim Sci 2007; 85:2156-2162. Cushman RA, Echternkamp SE, Allan MF, Freetly HC. Identification of indicator traits of fertility in the postpartum beef cow. Biol Reprod 2007; (Special Issue):443. Echternkamp SE, Cushman RA, Allan MF. Increasing ovulation rate reduced follicle size and increased blood progesterone concentrations but had no effect on fertility in cattle selected for twins. J Animal Sci 2007; 85(Suppl 1): 886. Cushman RA, Allan MF, Thallman RM, Cundiff LV. Evaluation of phenotypes influencing fertility in postpartum beef cows. J Anim Sci 2007; 85(Suppl 1):401. Allan MF, Thallman RM, Cushman RA, Echternkamp SE, Kuehn LA, Snelling WM. Fine mapping of QTL for twinning and ovulation rate using low density SNP map in conjunction with microsatellite maker information in the USMARC twinning population. Plant and Animal Genome XV Conference 2007:231. Publications: Wisconsin Refereed Journal Publications Silva, E., R. A. Sterry, D. Kolb, M. C. Wiltbank, and P. M. Fricke. 2007. Effect of pretreatment with prostaglandin F2± before resynchronization of ovulation on fertility of lactating Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. (In press). Silva, E., R. A. Sterry, D. Kolb, N. Mathialagan, M. F. McGrath, J. M. Ballam, and P. M. Fricke. 2007. Accuracy of a pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) ELISA to determine pregnancy status of lactating dairy cows 27 days after timed AI. J. Dairy Sci. (In press). Silva, E. P. B., R. A. Sterry, and P. M. Fricke. 2007. Assessment of a practical method for identifying anovular lactating dairy cows synchronized for first postpartum timed artificial insemination. J. Dairy Sci. 90:3255-3262. Sterry R. A., P. W. Jardon, and P. M. Fricke. 2007. Effect of timing of Cosynch on fertility of lactating Holstein cows after first postpartum and Resynch timed AI services. Theriogenology 67:1211-1216. Chang, Y. M., O. González-Recio, K. A. Weigel, and P. M. Fricke. 2007. Genetic analysis of the twenty-one-day pregnancy rate in US Holsteins using an ordinal censored threshold model with unknown voluntary waiting period. J. Dairy Sci. 90:1987-1997. Silva del Río, N., S. Stewart, P. Rapnicki, Y. M. Chang, and P. M. Fricke. 2007. An observational analysis of twin births, calf sex ratio, and calf mortality in Holstein dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 90:1255-1264. Abstracts Silva, E., R. A. Sterry, D. Kolb, M. C. Wiltbank, and P. M. Fricke. 2007. Effect of pretreatment with prostaglandin F2± 12 days before initiation of Resynch on fertility of lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(Suppl. 1):160. Sterry, R. A., E. Silva, D. Kolb, and P. M. Fricke. 2007. Effect of GnRH administered four days after synchronization of ovulation and timed AI on fertility of anovular lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(Suppl. 1):326. Silva del Río, N., H. Lopez, R. R. Grummer, and P. M. Fricke. 2007. Effects of twin pregnancy and prepartum diet on postpartum ovarian activity in Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(Suppl. 1):533. Silva del Río, N., J. D. Colloton, and P. M. Fricke. 2007. Pregnancy loss in lactating Holstein cows diagnosed with twin versus singleton fetuses. J. Dairy Sci. 90(Suppl. 1):533. Silva del Río, N., R. R. Grummer, and P. M. Fricke. 2007. Effects of twin pregnancy and dry cow feeding strategy on milk production, energy balance and metabolic profiles in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(Suppl. 1):615.