SAES-422 Multistate Research Activity Accomplishments Report

Status: Approved

Basic Information

Participants

Participants TAC Members: Alabama (Auburn University) Jorge A. Mosjidis (mosjija@auburn.edu) Florida (University of Florida) Kenneth H. Quesenberry (clover@ifas.ufl.edu) Georgia (University of Georgia) Paul L. Raymer (praymer@griffin.uga.edu) Guam (University of Guam) Mari Marutani (marutani@uog9.uog.edu) Kentucky (University of Kentucky) Timothy D. Phillips (tphillip@uky.edu) Mississippi (Mississippi State University) Mike Collins (mcollins@pss.msstate.edu) North Carolina (North Carolina State Univ) Thomas G. Isleib (tom_isleib@ncsu.edu) South Carolina (Clemson University) Emerson R. Shipe (eshipe@clemson.edu) Southern Assoc. Agric. Exp. Sta. Directors Gerald Arkin, Administrative Advisor (garkin@uga.edu) Tennessee (University of Tennessee) Fred L. Allen (allenf@utk.edu) Texas (Texas A&M University) Gerald R. Smith (g-smith@tamu.edu) Virgin Islands (Univ of the Virgin Islands) Thomas Zimmerman (tzimmer@uvi.edu) Griffin PGRCU Staff: USDA-ARS-PGRCU, Griffin, GA Gary A. Pederson, Research Leader (gary.pederson@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS-PGRCU, Griffin, GA Noelle A. Barkley (elle.barkley@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS-PGRCU, Griffin, GA J. Brad Morris (brad.morris@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS-PGRCU, Griffin, GA Dave Pinnow (david.pinnow@ars.usda.gov) Other Attendees: USDA-ARS-NPS, Beltsville, MD Peter K. Bretting (peter.bretting@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS-NPS, Beltsville, MD Gail C. Wisler (gail.wisler@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS-SAA, Athens, GA Darrell Cole, Area Director (darrell.cole@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS-USVL, Charleston, SC Howard Harrison (howard.harrison@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS-USVL, Charleston, SC Richard L. Fery, Research Leader (richard.fery@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS-USVL, Charleston, SC Amnon Levi (amnon.levi@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS-USVL, Charleston, SC Kai-shu Ling (kai.ling@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS-USVL, Charleston, SC Alvin M. Simmons (alvin.simmons@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS-USVL, Charleston, SC D. Michael Jackson (mike.jackson@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS-USVL, Charleston, SC W. Patrick Wechter (pat.wechter@ars.usda.gov ) USDA-ARS-USVL, Charleston, SC Judy A. Thies (judy.thies@ars.usda.gov)

The 2007 meeting was called to order at 1:00 PM on Tuesday, August 7, 2007 by Chair Dr. Timothy Phillips. The committee was welcomed by Dr. Richard Fery, Research Leader; by Dr. Emerson Shipe representing Dr. Susan Barefoot, CEO, Clemson University Exp. Sta.; and by Dr. Gerald Arkin, Administrative Advisor. Further comments were provided by Dr. Darrell Cole, Area Director, South Atlantic Area; Dr. Peter Bretting, National Program Leader for Plant Germplasm and Genomes; and Dr. Gail Wisler, National Program Leader for Horticulture and Sugar. Items of particular interest from Dr. Bretting's report included the following items: There are two vacancies in the National Program Staff, one for Oilseeds formerly occupied by Richard Wilson and one in Cotton and Plant Physiology formerly occupied by John Radin. There are also two vacancies in the Data Base Management Unit at Beltsville, those formerly occupied by Allan Stoner and Jim Mowder. There was a record number of distributions of germplasm by NPGS in 2006-2007. The National Plant Germplasm Coordinating Committee helped to preserve NRSP-6, the potato germplasm center at Sturgeon Bay, WI, and helped to get more funding for the NE-9 RTAC from the Northeastern states. With respect to international exchange of germplasm, the International Treaty is under consideration by the US State Department. Items of concern include the language for proposed Standard Material Transfer Agreement which has an onerous reporting requirement and a requirement for benefit sharing. Minutes of the 2006 meeting were approved as published on the S-009 RTAC web site (motion by K. Quesenberry, second by E. Shipe). No additions to the agenda were proposed at this time. Chair Timothy Phillips appointed K. Quesenberry and E. Shipe as an ad hoc subcommittee to nominate officers for the 2008 meeting. Thomas Isleib and Mike Collins were appointed as an ad hoc subcommittee to recommend the time and place of the 2008 meeting. G. Pederson presented a summary of the activity of the Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit at Griffin. N. Barkley presented the results of her clustering of peanut minicore collection and wild species accessions based on M13-tailed SSR marker profiles. Within Arachis hypogaea, there was fairly accurate assignment of the minicore accessions into subspecies and botanical varieties. PIC scores averaged 0.68, ranging from 0.08 (not informative) to 0.96 (highly informative) for different marker loci. B. Morris presented a summary of the Miscellaneous legumes and Industrial Crops collection held at Griffin. State reports for Texas, Florida, Tennessee, Virgin Islands, North Carolina, South Carolina, Alabama, Guam, Mississippi, Kentucky, and Georgia were presented orally. There was discussion of sunn hemp's potential as a cover crop, as a forage, and as an invasive species. K. Quesenberry pointed out that several other critically important forage species (tall fescue, bermudagrass, and bahia grass) are all on the invasive species list. T. Isleib expressed appreciation for the data provided by Merrilyn Spinks of PGRCU on the state-by-state distributions of germplasm from PGRCU as well as other regional centers. At 5:00 PM, the meeting was adjourned until 8:00 AM on Wednesday, August 8 when the presentation of state reports was continued. In the business session, the ad hoc committees reported on their deliberations. Ray Smith of Texas A&M was designated recording secretary for the 2008 meeting which is to be held in Raleigh, NC on August 5 and 6, 2008 at a venue to be determined. Two items of new business were discussed: First, a resolution was passed (motion by K. Quesenberry) to recommend to Dr. Phyllis Johnson, Area Director for BARC, that the vacant positions in the DBMU at Beltsville be filled as soon as possible. Second, M. Collins stated that Mississippi State Univ. is having difficulty in offering some graduate-level plant breeding and genetics courses due to low enrollment. There was concurrence by several committee members. Erosion of plant-oriented courses in favor of animal and medical courses was mentioned as contributing to the problem. There is a need for inter-institutionally shared plant breeding courses offered via distance education by those universities that have a critical mass of plant breeding and genetics faculty with teaching appointments. NC State Univ. and the Univ. of Georgia were identified as potential sources of such courses as each is in the process of forming a center or institute of plant breeding and genetics. Private sector firms like Monsanto and Pioneer have expressed concern about the numbers of trained plant breeders being turned out by US universities. A resolution was passed (motion by F. Allen, second by K. Quesenberry) to have G. Arkin relay to the Southern SAES Directors the need for distance learning opportunities. Greater investment in plant breeding combined with sharing of resources and sharing of coursework will provide a cadre of trained personnel that will utilize the germplasm collected and maintained by NPGS. F. Allen and M. Collins will develop a short white paper on the topic. USVL staff provided a tour of the facility to S-9 members. The meeting was adjourned at 12:00 PM.

Accomplishments

The complete accomplishments section for the 2006 S-009 annual report is located at the S-009 website (www.ars-grin.gov/ars/SoAtlantic/Griffin/pgrcu/s9.html). A summary of the accomplishments from the Griffin location and S-009 cooperators is listed below. USDA, ARS, Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit: The germplasm collection at Griffin, Georgia has increased to 86,829 accessions of 250 genera and 1,488 species. In 2006, a total of 18,826 seed, tissue culture, and clonal accessions were distributed to researchers and educators in 628 orders to users in 46 states and 34 foreign countries. In the last year, 93.6% of the collection is backed up at the National Center for Genetic Resource Preservation, Ft. Collins, CO and 86.7% of the accessions are available for use by the research community. Cowpea regeneration was conducted by Graves Gillaspie, PGRCU, prior to his retirement in early 2007 with 49 lines increased in the winter, 75 lines increased in Griffin, and 49 lines increased in Puerto Rico. Digital images of flowers (311 images) and seeds (275 lines) were taken. One hundred forty one peanut accessions which include the mini core collection, known botanical varieties and near relatives of cultivated peanut were assessed for genetic diversity and identification to botanical variety by 31 SSR markers. Seed increases were obtained by Roy Pittman, PGRCU, for 551 cultivated peanut accessions and 242 accessions of cultivated peanuts were processed through quarantine to be available for researchers. Switchgrass germplasm maintained at NCGRP, Ft. Collins, CO, was sent to Griffin for regeneration and characterization by Melanie Harrison-Dunn, PGRCU. Seed was harvested from a total of 70 accessions of native warm-season grasses. A total of 205 misc. legumes, new crops, and other misc. crops were regenerated by Brad Morris, PGRCU. A total of 136 annual clover accessions were regenerated in the field and 21 African annual clover accessions were regenerated in the greenhouse by Gary Pederson, PGRCU. Regeneration of sorghum accessions in St. Croix and Puerto Rico continued in coordination with the sorghum curator, John Erpelding. A total of 1,680 accessions were sent to St. Croix for regeneration in 2006 and seed was regenerated from 1,644 accessions and sent to Griffin. All MN sweet sorghum accessions from the Meridian, MS collection were removed from glass jars and placed in -18 C storage. Bob Jarret, PGRCU, regenerated and characterized 500 accessions of the Capsicum sp. (chile pepper) germplasm collection in the field. Digital images and descriptor data were uploaded into the GRIN database. The Capsicum germplasm collection was assayed for infection with pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) with about 31% of the accessions found to be infected. This information resulted in a modification of regeneration and distribution procedures for chile pepper. Molecular evaluations to determine phylogenetic relationships and/or genetic diversity present within plant genetic resource collections were conducted on 141 accessions from the peanut mini-core collection and wild relatives of peanut and 25 accessions from the mung bean collection. Fruit from 200-320 accessions of Capsicum chinense were evaluated for pungency, simple sugars, and organic acids to determine variability for fruit quality. In the last year, germination tests were conducted on 8,793 accessions. Since 2002, germination tests have been conducted on 48.8% of the entire collection. Over 3,400 accessions were sent to Ft. Collins for new back up samples or replacement of other back up samples. Currently, over 65% (over 55,000 accessions) of the collection has at least one sample in -18 C storage. Alabama: Sunn hemp germplasm is being used for development of cultivars for the continental US. The objective is to develop cultivars that can be used as fodder and as cover crops. Sericea lespedeza is being evaluated for control of gastrointestinal parasites in ruminants and for condensed tannin content. Evaluations are being done in cooperation with colleagues at Auburn, GA, LS, AR, and USDA at several locations. An evaluation of the wild G. hirsutum collection for resistance to reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) has been completed. No accessions were found to have high levels of resistance, but seven were identified as moderately resistant. Populations of adapted by moderately resistant accessions are in various stages of development. Florida: Records received from S-9 indicate that 636 accessions of various plant species were distributed during 2006 to 27 individuals or organizations in Florida. There is a steady trend of 400 to 600 accessions distributed per year in Florida. In 2006 UF/IFAS plant breeders released 38 new crop cultivars, breeding lines or germplasms. Two limpograss accessions were used as parents for a group of 51 new limpograss hybrids being evaluated for yield, persistence, and nutritive value. Perennial Arachis germplasm from recent NPGS sponsored germplasm collection trips to Paraguay are being evaluated. Carpetgrass germplasm across the Southeastern US has been collected and is being evaluated for turf characteristics. A collection of Paspalum spp. germplasm PIs are being evaluated at Marianna for various agronomic forage traits including yield and persistence. Several different PIs are being used in cucurbit improvement program to try to obtain resistance to several potyviruses, phytophthora blight, and powdery mildew. Georgia: More than 40 different requests for plant germplasm are made annually to the S-9 Unit by scientists and educators of Georgia. As a result of these requests, hundreds of plant accessions are supplied yearly to University scientists, USDA scientists, consultants, seed companies, educators, and numerous individuals. The most requested crops are peanut, pepper, various legumes, bamboo, and warm season grasses. Guam: Hot pepper, sweet peppers, and leafy greens were evaluated for their adaptability to Guams environment. The primary objective of the hot pepper trial was to screen red pungent peppers for making processed chill sauces or pastes. Among 77 tested germlines, twenty-six were obtained from USDA-ARS, Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit. The plant growth and fruit morphology of these accessions were recorded. The amounts of capsaicinoids are being tested for selected lines. An evaluation of four commercial cultivars of sweet pepper at farmers field found that cv. Bounty Hybrid seemed less susceptible to mites. In an aquaponic system, various leafy vegetables were tested for their growth. The general observation of a preliminary trial indicated that some lettuce cultivars and other green vegetables and herbs were potential agricultural produce in Guam for local consumption. A cover crop project by NRCS in Guam was terminated and no seeds had been distributed. Hawaii: Germplasm requested last year include Lablab, pearl millet and peppers. Macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) selections in Captain Cook-Kona were evaluated for kernel quality and yield. Nutrient management studies are in progress with the Kaimana lychee (Litchi chinensis) cultivar to determine the range of leaf mineral nutrient concentrations associated with productive trees and to determine the amount of mineral nutrients depleted from the soil during removal of mature fruits at harvest. Rambutan (Nephelium lappacium) fruit development studies from anthesis to harvest are underway for cultivars grown under Hawaii's stable climatic conditions. Kentucky: Norman Taylor continues to work on red, white, and kura clover breeding projects. He recently acquired collections of buffalo clover from Davidson County, NC and from a white-flowered population in Perry County, Indiana. He is increasing seed of a tetraploid red clover, among others, for release in the near future. Todd Pfeiffer and Morris Bitzer continue to work on sweet sorghum breeding and seed production. Pfeiffer has screened the PI collection and is evaluating the top lines at several locations in KY this year. In 2006 a hybrid sweet sorghum was released jointly by the University of Kentucky and the University of Nebraska (KN-Morris). A genetic study of castor oil profile is underway by a graduate student in David Hildebrands lab. Tim Phillips has planted a trial to evaluate the winter hardiness of some of the warm season grasses in the S9 collection. Louisiana: Accessions of sweetpotato were obtained to screen germplasm for iron and zinc uptake potential. Initial results show about a two-fold variation among accessions in their ability to uptake these micronutrients. Additional germplasm was requested for on-going work towards developing resistance to various sweetpotato viruses. Germplasm requested from Kenya was virus-tested and released for research related to resistance to Sweet Potato Virus Disease. Several molecular markers were found linked to resistance. Additional plant material was imported from Kenya to assess the presence of Sweet Potato Leaf Curl Virus. Tissue samples indicated that the virus was present in East Africa. Germplasm requests for Ipomoea species were requested for varied systematic work. The Vigna collection is routinely assessed for resistance reactions to the bacterial blight pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vignicola. Germplasm from the bamboo collection is routinely evaluated by a nursery in Louisiana for commercial landscape applications. Mississippi: Brian Baldwin has completed cycle 6 in lowland-type switchgrass selecting for reduced seed dormancy and increased velocity of germination. He is also working with scientists in Oklahoma and TTU to determine appropriate isolation distance for castor germplasm developed in Mississippi. Bioenergy oilseed work was initiated on winter annual oilseeds including development of winter hardiness of crambe. USDA-ARS scientists are actively engaged in identifying and developing maize germplasm with resistance to several insects and to Aspergillus flavus infection/aflatoxin accumulation. Germplasm accessions from the GEM project are useful sources of resistance to aflatoxin contamination and are undergoing evaluation in test crosses at Tifton, GA and Raleigh, NC. Ted Wallace develops high yielding cotton cultivars with superior fiber quality traits by selections for genetic diversity, reduced micronaire, increased fiber strength, fiber length and uniformity, lint yield, yield stability and identification of nectarless lines resistant to the tarnished plant bug. North Carolina: Faculty in the Crop Science and Horticultural Science Departments at NC State University conduct research on strawberry, blueberry, brambles, tree crops, ornamentals, maize, soybean, peanut, cotton, tobacco, small grains, turfgrasses, sweet potato, cucurbits, and other crops. Priorities are on incorporating disease and insect resistance, abiotic stress resistance, and quality factors into improved breeding lines and cultivars. Plant introductions are critical components of plant improvement programs, and NCSU scientists make use of germplasm maintained in the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS). Germplasm collections are maintained for the U.S. Nicotiana cultivated and species collection, Arachis species, South American maize germplasm, and many accessions of soybean, blueberries, sweet potato and other crop species. Propagules of 1661 accessions from the NPGS were sent to public- and private sector researchers and an additional 270 to private individuals in North Carolina in 2006. Twenty-four cultivars, parental and germplasm lines were released, and 39 germplasm-related articles were published with NCARS personnel and USDA-ARS personnel stationed at the NCSU campus in Raleigh as authors. Puerto Rico: Evaluations were conducted on a number of different crops including 18 quenepa (Melicoccus bijugatus) cultivars for tree height, diameter, and canopy volume; 14 guava accessions; 5 bananna cultivars for yield and reaction to yellow Sigatoka (Mycosphaerella musicola); 28 yam; 22 cassava; 16 sweetpotato; 75 tanier clones; 12 Mayagüezano type mango clones grafted on Banilejo dwarfing rootstocks; sweet cherry pepper (Capsicum chinense); several clones of Cabezona pineapple; and 4 orange cultivars (7 years old) evaluated on four citrus roostocks. Solar Fire and Sebring fresh market tomato were among the four highest commercial yielders at two locations. Mean grain yield of the Mayorbela O.P. maize population was 6494 kg/ha with few disease or pest problems and is being considered for release as Mayorbela 05. The second cycle of mass selection was initiated for the Suresweet sweet corn population. Caesalpinia pulcherrima is being bred for triploidy, Leandra krugii is being characterized and selected in the wild, and seven ornamental Musa species are being hybridized. South Carolina: A total of 2,397 germplasm accessions from 14 genera including sweetpotato, peanut, cowpea, watermelon, gourd, and bamboo were distributed in 2006 from Griffin to eight individuals in South Carolina. Scientists at the USDA Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC, received 2,381 of the total accessions distributed. Plants were selected from a 2006 F3 population from hybridization of PI594651-L2, resistant to peanut root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne arenaria), with the adapted S.C. cultivar, Dillon to develop germplasm and/or cultivars with an improved M. arenaria resistance, high seed yield, and acceptable agronomic traits. Elite soybean breeding lines from Clemson were tested for suitability as hosts for reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis, by Dr. R.T. Robbins at the University of Arkansas. Nine lines were identified with reproduction no different than resistant controls. Tennessee: A cross between a prolific rooting line, PI 416937, and a high leaflet orienting cultivar, USG 5601T was used to develop near-isogenic recombinant inbred lines with different combinations of rooting and leaflet orientation to compare their water-use relative to seed yield. F6, F7 and F8 generation lines are being evaluated via sap-flow instrumentation for water use efficiency. Four new cross hybridizations utilizing PIs have being initiated to expand genetic diversity for applied variety development. Several populations are being grown by soybean breeders in U.S. to select adapted lines or introgress new germplasm into breeding programs. Several experimental corn hybrids derived from the GEM project are in yield trials. In addition to the yield trials there are several nursery rows of GEM material for inbreeding and selection purposes. Three accessions of teosente were obtained from NCRPIS at Ames and crossed with adapted corn. BC2F1 hybrids are being backcrossed to adapted corn lines. Three switchgrass PIs are being intercrossed with two experimental lines and two released cultivars to develop a C1 synthetic. Texas: Active plant breeding is underway in cotton, soybean, cowpea, lablab, corn, rice, sorghum, wheat, oats, melons, clovers, sugarcane, ryegrass, several turfgrass genera, potato, several small fruits and ornamentals. About 2000 sorghum accessions are under evaluation for anthracnose and downy mildew resistance in Texas environments for use in resistance breeding. Both lablab and cowpea accessions are being used in forage legume breeding. Rio Verde lablab was developed as a new forage crop for the US southern region through selection in PI 388018. Crosses have been made using G12293 lablab to investigate inheritance of pod type and purple coloration. Progeny testing for hard seed production and forage potential continues on 60 half-sib lines of crimson clover derived from two PI accessions. Schizachyrium scoparium, Calamovilfa longifolia, Panicum virgatum, Elymus canadensis, Solidago nemoralis, Artemisia campestris, Lathyrus japonicus, Monarda punctata, Cornus sericea, and Vitis riparia accessions were used to study genetic and species diversity for healthy ecosystem functioning. Virginia: Several accessions from the USDA plant germplasm collection were used for studies of systematics and genetic diversity at Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University. Vegetable soybean cultivars have been released through Virginia State University. New peanut cultivars were released through the Tidewater Agricultural Research & Extension Center. These activities document the distribution and utilization of plant genetic resources, a primary objective of the regional project, the study of genetic relationships among crop plants and their wild relatives, and the release of new cultivars of crop plants, the cornerstone of agriculture.

Impacts

  1. The germplasm collection at Griffin, Georgia has increased to 86,829 accessions of 250 genera and 1,488 species. Currently, 93.6% of the collection is backed up at the National Center for Genetic Resource Preservation, Ft. Collins, CO, and 86.7% of the accessions are available for use by the research community. Backing up safely secures these plant genetic resources for future use by researchers and good availability provides users with a wide array of currently available germplasm.
  2. In 2006, a total of 18,826 seed, tissue culture, and clonal accessions were distributed to users for their research use. All accessions were requested from the Griffin location directly by researchers and distributed in 628 orders to users in 46 states and 34 foreign countries. Genetic resources maintained at the Griffin location provide a valuable resource for crop improvement research.
  3. Seed quality is evaluated by germination testing and seed longevity is improved through -18 C storage. Germination tests were conducted on 8,793 accessions in 2006 with over 48% of the entire collection at Griffin tested for germination since 2002. The program continued to split seed samples of all accessions at Griffin with a small distribution sample maintained at 5 C and the bulk of each sample maintained at -18 C to maximize seed longevity. Currently, over 65% (over 55,000 accessions) of the entire Griffin collection has at least one sample in -18 C storage.
  4. Characterization and evaluation of the genetic resources enables researchers to more efficiently utilize the Griffin germplasm collection. Digital images of cowpea accessions (flowers and seeds) and chile pepper accessions were taken. Genetic diversity and identification to botanical variety in 141 peanut accessions in the mini core and 25 mung bean accessions were determined by SSR markers. Characterization for descriptors was conducted on chile pepper, bahiagrass, minor grasses, peanut, misc. legume, new crop, annual clover, cucurbit, and other accessions. Over 200-350 chile pepper accessions were evaluated for pungency, simple sugars, and organic acids. All evaluation, characterization, and image data was uploaded onto the GRIN database.
  5. Additional impacts and future plans are noted within the complete 2006 S-009 annual report located at the S-009 website www.ars-grin.gov/ars/SoAtlantic/Griffin/pgrcu/s9report.html

Publications

USDA  Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit Antonious, G.F., and R.L. Jarret. 2006. Screening capsicum accessions for capsaicinoids content. Journal of Environmental Science and Health 41:717-729. Barkley, N.L., R. Dean, R.N. Pittman, M.L. Wang, C.C. Holbrook, and G.A. Pederson. 2006. Genetic diversity of the peanut mini core. American Peanut Research and Education Society Proceedings. http://www.apres.okstate.edu Barkley, N.L., M.L. Roose, R. Krueger, and C.T. Frederici. 2006. Assessing genetic diversity and population structure in a citrus germplasm collection utilizing simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 112:1519-1531. Brink, G.E., K.R. Sistani, J.L. Oldham, and G.A. Pederson. 2006. Maturity effects on mineral concentration and uptake in annual ryegrass. Journal of Plant Nutrition 29:1143-1155. Gillaspie, A.G., Jr., N.L. Barkley, and J.B. Morris. 2006. An unusual strain of alfalfa mosaic virus detected in Crotolaria spp. germplasm in Georgia. Plant Pathology Journal 5:397-400. Gillaspie, A.G., Jr. 2006. New method for screening cowpea germplasm for resistance to cucumber mosaic virus. Plant Disease 90:611-614. Gillaspie Jr, A.G. 2007. Attempts to improve the method of screening cowpea germplasm for resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus and Blackeye Cowpea Mosaic Virus. Plant Pathology Journal.6:202-205. Harrison-Dunn, M.L. 2006. Evaluation of the USDA switchgrass collection. In: M.A. Sanderson et al. (eds). Proceedings of the Fifth Eastern Native Grass Symposium, October 10-13, 2006, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. p. 73. Jarret, R.L., Baldwin, E.A., Perkins, B., Guthrie, K., Bushway, R. 2007. Diversity of some fruit quality characteristics in Capsicum frutescens L. HortScience 42:16-19. Kays, S.E., J.B. Morris, and Y. Kim. 2006. Genetic variation in total and soluble dietary fiber among Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub. Genotypes. Journal of Food Quality 29:383-392. Levi, A., C.E. Thomas, O.K. Reddy, and M.L. Harrison-Dunn. 2006. An extend linkage map for watermelon based on SRAP, AFLP, SSR, ISSR, and RAPD markers. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 131:393-402. Morris, J.B., and B.M. Cunfer. 2006. Evaluation of subterranean clover germplasm for resistance to powdery mildew. American Phytopathological Society, B&C Tests 21:FC058. p. 1. Morris, J.B., S.E. Kays, and Y. Kim. 2006. Dietary fiber and protein variability among 33 guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L) Taub.) genotypes in the U.S. national collection. American Society of Plant Biologists. http://abstracts.aspb.org/pb2006/public/P04/P04010.html. Morris, J.B. 2007. Swordbean (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) D.C.) genetic resources regenerated for potential medical, nutraceutical and agricultural traits. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 54:585-592 Morris, J.B., M.L. Wang, R.E. Dean, and J. Davis. 2006. Integration of biochemical and genetic data for Crotalaria germplasm analysis. In: Abstracts 2006 International Annual Meeting [CDROM]. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison, WI. Morris, J.B., Wang, M.L. 2006. Flavonoid content in seeds of guar germplasm using HPLC. Plant Genetic Resources 5:96-99. Pederson, G.A., and M. Spinks. 2006. Utilizing old data to improve germplasm documentation: Sweet sorghum collection. In: Abstracts 2006 International Annual Meeting [CDROM]. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison, WI. Wang, M.L., Z. Chen, N.L. Barkley, M.L. Harrison-Dunn, W. Kim, P. Raymer, and G.A. Pederson. 2006. Characterization of seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz) germplasm transferred SSRs from wheat, maize, and sorghum. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 53:779-791. Wang, M.L., R. Dean, J.E. Erpelding, and G.A. Pederson. 2006. Molecular genetic evaluation of sorghum germplasm differing in response to fungal diseases: Rust (Puccinia purpurea) and anthracnose (Collectotrichum graminicola). Euphytica 148:319-330. Wang, M.L., A.G. Gillaspie, Jr., J.B. Morris, R.N. Pittman, J. Davis, and G.A. Pederson. 2006. Variability of flavonoid content in different legumes. In: Abstracts 2006 International Annual Meeting [CDROM]. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison, WI. Wang, M.L., Gillaspie Jr, A.G., Morris, J.B., Pittman, R.N., Davis, J., Pederson, G.A. 2007. Variability of flavonoid content and seed-coat color in different legumes. Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter. 6:300-325. Wang, M.L., J.A. Mosjidis, J.B. Morris, R.E. Dean, T.M. Jenkins, and G.A. Pederson. 2006. Genetic diversity of Crotolaria germplasm assessed through phylogenetic analysis of EST-SSR markers. Genome 49:707-715. Alabama Mosjidis, J. A., and K.A. Klingler. 2006. Genetic diversity in the core subset of the USA red clover germplasm. Crop Sci. 46: 758-762 Wang, M. L., J.A. Mosjidis, J. B. Morris, R. E. Dean, T. M. Jenkins, and G. A. Pederson. 2006. Genetic diversity of Crotalaria germplasm assessed through phylogenetic analysis of EST-SSR markers. Genome 49:707-715. Shaik, S.A., T.H. Terrill, J.E. Miller, B. Kouakou, G. Kannan, R.M. Kaplan, J.M. Burke and J.A. Mosjidis. 2006. Effects of feeding sericea lespedeza hay to goats infected with Haemonchus contortus. Veterinary Parasitology 139:150-157. Dykes, G.S. , T.H. Terrill, S.A. Shaik, J.E. Miller, B. Kouakou, G. Kannan, J.M. Burke, R. M. Kaplan, and J.A. Mosjidis. 2006. Effect of Sericea Lespedeza Hay on Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection in Goats. Proceedings of the AFGC Conference 15:245-249 Lange, K.C., D.D. Olcott, J.E. Miller, J.A. Mosjidis, T.H. Terrill, J.M. Burke and M.T. Kearney. 2006. Effect of the condensed tannin containing hay, sericea lespedeza, on natural and experimental challenge Haemonchus contortus infection in lambs 141:273-278. Mosjidis, J.A. 2006. Legume Breeding and their Utilization as Forage and Cover Crops. Proceedings of the 60th. Southern Pasture and Forage Crop Improvement Conference, Auburn, Alabama, April 12, 2006. CD-ROM. Terrill, T.H., G.S. Dykes, S.A. Shaik, J.E. Miller, B. 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